Chapter 9

(Q044) By the 1840s, most working people outside the South toiled in large factories.

False

(Q046) The Supreme Court did little to promote the entrepreneurial agenda of the market revolution.

False

(Q053) Florida was victoriously delivered to American hands with the assistance of local Indians and Spain's suggestion to sell the area.

False

(Q062) Because of the expansive growth in the U.S. economy associated with the market revolution, skilled free black workers found their status and incomes rising.

False

(Q066) Wealth was evenly distributed among the various classes in the nineteenth-century United States.

False

(Q028) By 1840, which two states combined had the highest concentration of cotton cultivation?

Louisiana and Mississippi

(Q036) This religion started after its leader claimed to have been led by an angel to a set of golden plates covered with strange writing, which he translated and later published.

Mormonism

(Q009) Which of the following was an innovation associated with the market revolution of the first half of the nineteenth century?

Railroad

(Q004) The device invented by Samuel Morse in the 1830s that sent messages over electrical wires was called the...

Telegraph

(Q042) Expanding networks of toll roads, steamboats, canals, and railroads were essential to the takeoff of the market revolution.

True

(Q045) America's early factories were short of labor until immigration increased in the 1840s and 1850s.

True

(Q048) Free blacks were largely denied access to the new economic opportunities generated by the market revolution.

True

(Q049) During the 1820s and 1830s, an emergent labor movement began voicing concerns about harsh working conditions, economic insecurity, and growing inequalities of wealth.

True

(Q050) The economic transformation of the nineteenth-century United States produced an explosive growth in the nation's output and trade and a rise in the general standard of living.

True

(Q051) The market revolution swept over the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century.

True

(Q054) The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 prohibited slavery in the Old Northwest.

True

(Q059) The common nineteenth-century view was that men are naturally aggressive, rational, and domineering, while women are naturally nurturing, selfless, and ruled by emotions.

True

(Q060) There was a rapid decline in the birthrate during the nineteenth century, dropping from an average of seven children per family in 1800 to only four children per family by 1900.

True

(Q063) For the expanding middle class, it became a badge of respectability for wives to remain at home.

True

(Q065) In 1784 the nation had thirteen states, and by 1824, it had grown to 24 states.

True

(Q031) Which of the following is a correct pairing of inventor and invention?

steel plow and John Deere

(Q018) Early U.S. textile mills relied largely on the labor of ...

women and children.

(Q003) Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

work begun on National Road; Fulton's steamboat, Clermont navigated the Hudson River; work begun on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

(Q032) Which city was known as "Porkopolis" after its slaughterhouse district?

Cincinnati

(Q041) What specific cities did large numbers of German immigrants settle in the West?

Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee

(Q019) The court case in which it was held that workers' unions are constitutionally legal was...

Commonwealth v. Hunt.

(Q030) The linchpin of southern development and the South's most important export was...

Cotton

(Q038) Immigrants from which of the following nations were easily absorbed in the United States during the early 1800s?

England

(Q047) With the Second Great Awakening, American Christianity became more hierarchical and out of touch with the common folk.

False

(Q068) In Gibbons v. Ogden, Massachusetts chief justice Lemuel Shaw decreed that there was nothing inherently illegal in workers organizing a union or a strike.

False

(Q069) Ralph Waldo Emerson was the author of Walden

False

(Q070) By the end of the 1850s, the Lowell textile mills had replaced Irish immigrant labor with Yankee farm women.

False

(Q071) Women were barred from becoming preachers, especially in the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

False

(Q073) Most Americans moved west as lone pioneers.

False

(Q077) Westward migration and urban development decreased the mobility of the U.S. population.

False

(Q033) Between 1840 and 1860, most immigrants entering the United States were from what two countries?

Germany and Ireland

(Q012) What 1793 invention spurred the rise of the Cotton Kingdom and fueled demand for slaves?

cotton gin

(Q034) To what degree did new arriving immigrants contribute to U.S. population growth between 1790 and 1830?

marginally

(Q040) The Alien Act of 1798 reflected fear of immigrants possessing...

radical political views.

(Q014) Chicago's spectacular growth between 1830 and 1860 was principally due to

railroads

(Q016) What effect did the Embargo of 1807 have on manufacturing in the United States?

stimulated its growth

(Q007) Which of the following was an innate characteristic of women, according to the "cult of domesticity"?

submissiveness

(Q002) Of the following projects, New York City's commercial ascent was owed chiefly to ...

the Erie Canal.

(Q020) "Manifest destiny" was...

the belief that the United States had a divinely appointed mission to expand westward

(Q010) During the first half of the 1800s, the U.S. economy experienced explosive growth in output and trade, a trend in motion since the colonial era in what historians call

the market revolution.

(Q035) Anabaptists rejected

the practice of infant baptism.

(Q029) Between 1800 and 1860, around 1 million slaves moved from older slave states to the Deep South, traveling ...

to the Deep South to work in cotton fields.

(Q021) Between the 1780s and 1824, the nation's population:

tripled.

(Q017) The "American system of manufactures"

was the mass production of interchangeable parts into rapidly built, standardized products.

(Q043) The largest group of immigrants to the United States during the 1840s and 1850s came from Ireland, which was then in the throes of the great potato famine.

True

(Q064) Not until after the Civil War could married women legally control the wages they earned.

True

(Q067) Workingmen formed political parties in the late 1820s and among the goals of these ephemeral political parties were free public education, an end to imprisonment for debt, and a ten-hour workday.

True

(Q072) The early industrial revolution produced textiles near water sources as water power was necessary to drive their machinery.

True

(Q074) South Carolina reopened the African slave trade due in part to Eli Whitney's cotton gin.

True

(Q022) The Second Great Awakening was ...

a popular religious revival that swept the country in the early 1800s.

(Q011) The 1825 completion of the 363-mile Erie Canal connected

the Great Lakes with New York City.

(Q075) With the accessibility to timepieces in the market revolution, factory work started being measured "by the clock," while farm life continued to be regulated by the rhythms of the seasons.

True

(Q076) In 1834, after hearing a ministerial sermon in Boston, a mob incited to burn a Catholic convent in the city.

True

(Q079) The market revolution opened new opportunities for economic freedom for many Americans, while leading others to fear that their traditional economic independence was being eroded.

True

(Q001) American industrialization first took off in

New England

(Q006) The greatest positive rate of change in population growth from 1810 to 1850 in the western states was in ...

Ohio

(Q005) The Adams

Onís Treaty of 1819 negotiated -an end to fighting between France and the United States.

(Q039) What institution helped to fan the flames of nativism during the era?

Protestant churches

(Q058) In Thoreau's view, the market revolution degraded both people's values and the natural environment.

True

(Q061) In the nineteenth century, barred from schools and other facilities, free black Americans constructed their own institutional life, centered on churches, and educational and mutual aid societies.

True

(Q052) The Second Great Awakening stressed the right of private judgment in spiritual matters and the possibility of universal salvation through faith and good works.

True

(Q055) When the Marquis de Lafayette toured America in the early 1800s, he stated he would not have helped America in the battle for independence had he known he aided in the founding of a nation that would legalize slavery.

True

(Q056) The rise of the corporation was crucial to the success of the market economy.

True

(Q057) Henry David Thoreau held the view that people were being stifled by modern society and trapped in boring, dead-end jobs by their obsessive desire to earn money.

True

(Q013) "Slave coffles . . . became a common sight." Define "coffles."

groups of people chained together

(Q008) Which of the following was a mounting source of concern over the effects of the market revolution?

the increasing dependence of workers upon wage labor

(Q027) Which of the following destroyed Henry David Thoreau's commune with nature?

A Train

(Q024) Which of the following was part of women's changing role in the first half of nineteenth-century America?

A woman's role was to shelter her husband from a competitive marketplace.

(Q026) Democracy in America was written by ...

Alexis de Tocqueville.