Chapter 9

7. The ___________________ model applies to the management of chronic illness in which the patient works with the doctor as a full participant in controlling the disease. a. Activity-passivity. b. Guidance-cooperation. c. React-revise. d. Mutual participation. e. None of the above.

d. Mutual participation

4. ___________________ argue that physician-patient interaction falls into one of three possible models. a. Haug and Lavin. b. Parsons. c. Hayes-Bautista. d. Szasz and Hollender. e. All of the above.

d. Szasz and Hollender

1. _________________ is the notion that, since the work of the physician is for the good of the patient, physicians tend to impute illness to their patients rather than to deny it and risk overlooking or missing it. a. Choice v. health theory. b. Health care paternalism. c. The medicalization belief. d. The medical decision rule. e. None of the above.

d. The medical decision rule

5. The ___________________ model applies when the patient is seriously ill or being treated on an emergency basis in a state of relative helplessness, due to a severe injury or lack of consciousness. a. Activity-passivity. b. Guidance-cooperation. c. React-revise. d. Mutual participation. e. None of the above.

a. Activity-Passivity

24. Physicians prescribe medications, diets, and the like and expect patients to follow them faithfully. This is called: a. Compliance. b. Doctor-patient expectation. c. The contract. d. Acceptance. e. None of the above.

a. Compliance

10. The relevance of the ______________ model for understanding doctor-patient relations is the view of the interaction as a process of negotiation, rather than the physician simply giving orders and the patient following them in an automatic, unquestioning manner. a. Hayes-Bautista. b. Szasz and Hollender. c. Activity-passivity. d. Guidance-cooperation. e. React-revise.

a. Hayes-Bautista

17. Male physicians tend to misdiagnose ______________ in female patients. a. Heart attack. b. Stroke. c. Anxiety. d. Cancer. e. None of the above.

a. Heart attack

15. Mary Boulton and her colleagues explain that the influence of social class on the doctor-patient relationship is best understood in terms of: a. Social distance. b. Social space. c. Power and space. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

a. Social distance

30. Which involves the extensive use of advanced technology for testing, diagnosis, and the scientific determination of treatment in a more differentiated world of health care delivery? a. Techno-medicine. b. Electronic medical records. c. eMedicine. d. WebMD. e. None of the above.

a. Techno-medicine

27. The shift toward consumerism in health care means patients have more status in the doctor-patient relationship. However, this relationship is significantly affected by an external influence: a. Third-party payers. b. Social class. c. The state. d. Religious groups. e. All of the above.

a. Third-party payers

20. It was not until the 1970s that women accounted for at least ________ of all first-year medical students. a. 5%. b. 10%. c. 15%. d. 20%. e. 25%.

b. 10%

29. Expanding reliance on new technologies has promoted a shift away from ____________, with its focus on the patient's oral account of his or her medical history. a. Folk medicine. b. Biographical medicine. c. Hereditary medicine. d. Verbal medicine. e. None of the above.

b. Biographical medicine

11. People with middle and upper socioeconomic status tend to be more ________________ and active participants in the physician-patient encounter. a. Aggressive. b. Consumer-oriented. c. Focused on getting well. d. Disease-focused. e. None of the above.

b. Consumer-oriented

25. Doctor-patient relationships in the U.S. have seriously _______________ in recent years. a. Improved. b. Eroded. c. Stagnated. d. Morphed. e. None of the above.

b. Eroded

22. Which medical specialty have women been more likely to go into? a. Surgery. b. General practice. c. Urology. d. Orthopedics. e. All of the above.

b. General practice

6. The ___________________ model arises most often when the patient has an acute, often infectious illness, like the flu or measles. a. Activity-passivity. b. Guidance-cooperation. c. React-revise. d. Mutual participation. e. None of the above.

b. Guidance-cooperation

2. Distress may not be only physical; purely ____________ needs can trigger a visit to a doctor as well. a. Sociological. b. Psychological. c. Metaphysical. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

b. Psychological

19. Women have been historically underrepresented in medical school classes owing to which of the following? a. Differences in the academic performance of boys and girls. b. Perceptions that women are unfit for medical work. c. Differences in the socialization experiences of boys and girls. d. Different career choices of boys and girls due to innate differences between them. e. None of the above.

c. Differences in the socialization experiences of boys and girls

18. _______________ is thought to protect women against heart attacks until menopause, when levels drop. a. Testosterone. b. Progesterone. c. Estrogen. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

c. Estrogen

14. Cassell explains that information can be an important therapeutic tool in medical situations if it meets which test(s)? a. Reduces uncertainty. b. Provides a basis for action. c. Strengthens the physician-patient relationship. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

d. All of the above

28. Which is a relevant factor driving consumerism? a. Shift in the state's role from protecting the medical profession to protecting corporate health care interests in order to reduce costs. b. Proliferation of commercial products for the body that the patient can use independent of the physician. c. Rise of chronic disease. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

d. All of the above

12. Which model of interaction is the norm in most doctor-patient interactions? a. Activity-passivity. b. Guidance-cooperation. c. React-revise. d. Mutual participation. e. None of the above.

d. Mutual participation

26. Dissatisfaction with the doctor-patient relationship is heavily dependent on one's: a. Gender. b. Culture. c. Race. d. Social class. e. None of the above.

d. Social class

3. ____________________ take(s) the position that the seriousness of the patient's symptoms is the determining factor in doctor-patient interaction. a. Haug and Lavin. b. Parsons. c. Hayes-Bautista. d. Szasz and Hollender. e. All of the above.

d. Szasz and Hollender

21. In 2009-10, about ____________ of all students entering medical schools were women. a. 30%. b. 35%. c. 40%. d. 45%. e. 50%.

e. 50%

13. A major barrier to effective communication lies in the differences between physicians and their patients with respect to: a. Status. b. Education. c. Training. d. Authority. e. All of the above.

e. All of the above

23. Which is NOT a barrier to communication between doctors and patients? a. Age. b. Gender. c. Culture. d. Socioeconomic status. e. None of the above.

e. None of the above

8. The ___________________ model applies to the management of hypochondriacs who falsely develop symptoms. a. Activity-passivity. b. Guidance-cooperation. c. React-revise. d. Mutual participation. e. None of the above.

e. None of the above

9. Physicians have to take on a variety of roles to induce patient adherence to their treatment regimens. Which is NOT a role? a. Educator. b. Salesperson. c. Cheerleader. d. Detective. e. None of the above.

e. None of the above

16. As part of the women's health movement, feminist health organizations have evolved that advocate: a. Equal pay. b. Abortion rights. c. Ms. over Mrs. d. All of the above. e. None of the above.

b. Abortion rights