Chapters (1-4) Management

Example of a company you feel uses "quality" building block successfully

Ford or Rolex (perceived as high quality by customers)

It has been said that managing diversity makes good business sense. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Defend your argument with either pros or cons.

I agree. Diverse workforce can lead to unfair treatment, which is illegal. A diverse workforce creates a better competitive advantage and improves organizational effectiveness.

Bureaucratic Theory

Max Weber, formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness

Example of a company you feel uses "efficiency" building block successfully

Mc D's (high volume, low cost)

Theory X

McGregor, workers by nature are lazy and need rules and to be watched

Theory Y

McGregor, workers by nature want to do good

What does OCB stand for

Organizational citizenship behaviors

Example of a company you feel uses "innovation" building block successfully

Pizza Hut or Apple (new product all the time)

Example of a company you feel uses "customer service" building block successfully

Pizza Ranch or Macy's (ask what you want)

Why is management important?

Rate of return and profitability

What is meant by the "global market"?

The global market is based upon the exchange of a product/service in exchange for value in all of the countries in the world.

Identify the sources of organization's code of ethics.

The sources of an organization's code of ethics include: societal, professional, and individual ethics.

What is the ASA model

a model that explains how personality may influence organizational culture (Benjamin Schneider)

According to which of the following rules, an ethical decision is one that distributes rewards and harm in a fair way? a. justice b. moral rights c. utilitarian d. practical e. existential

a. justice

Effective leadership depends on the use of: a. power and influence b. authority and giving orders c. physical resources d. structure e. policies and procedures

a. power and influence

A person's confidence and faith in another person's goodwill (intangible asset that adds value to company) is called: a. trust b. reputation c. ethics d. moral scruple e. effectiveness

a. trust

Conceptual skills

ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and to distinguish between cause and effect (

Define concept of emotional intelligence

ability to understand and manage one's own moods and emotions and the moods and emotions of other people

Emotional Intelligence (EQ)

ability to understand one's moods and emotions and moods and emotions of other people

Human skills

ability to understand, alter, lead, and control the behavior of other individuals and groups

Ethics and laws

are variable principles that change over time

Leading

articulate a clear vision and energizing and enabling organizational members so they understand the part they play in achieving organizational goals

What does ASA stand for

attraction-selection-attrition

If a society believes that self-expression is important to the people in that society, then the society is said to value: a. collectivism b. individualism c. a free-market economy d. a free-trade doctrine e. uncertainty avoidance

b. individualism

An ethical dilemma is a situation in which a person has to decide if he/she should act in a way that: a. fosters his/her own self-interest to favor another's self interest b. is "right", even though doing so may go against their own self interest c. does not go against anyone's self interest d. may help another person and favor their own self-interest e. favors another's self-interest and therefore helps him/her

b. is "right", even though doing so may go against their own self interest

When managers motivate and assist workers to achieve organizational goals, this is an important aspect of: a. planning b. leading c. demonstrating d. controlling e. organizing

b. leading

A manager who chooses inappropriate goals for the organization but who makes good use of the organization's resources in pursuing these goals is said to have: a. low effectiveness/low efficiency b. low effectiveness/high efficiency c. high effectiveness/low efficiency d. high effectiveness/high efficiency e. none of the above

b. low effectiveness/high efficiency

According to McClelland, the extent to which a person has a strong desire to do challenging tasks and to meet personal standards of excellence is known as: a. need for affiliation b. need for achievement c. need for power d. need for self-esteem e. need for conscientiousness

b. need for achievement

A major competitor of Serve-U-Rite Oil Changes suddenly creates a new service product that guarantees a customer's oil change in half the time. This is an example of an impact on the organization's: a. general environment b. task environment c. economic environment d. legal environment e. political environment

b. task environment

The idea that every worker should receive orders from only one superior is called: a. line of authority b. unity of command c. centralization d. equity e. initiative

b. unity of command

What are OCBs

behaviors not required but contribute positively to organization

Theory Z

believed US were theory X and Japanese were theory Y, combined both for ultimate success

Challenges to management

building competitive advantage, maintaining ethical and social responsible standards, managing a diverse workforce, utilizing IT and E-Commerce

Organizations that help other organizations to sell their goods to customers are known as: a. competitors b. potential customers c. distributors d. customers e. none of the above

c. distributors

The measure of how well (or how productively) an organization uses its resources to achieve a goal is known as: a. effectiveness b. role c. efficiency d. strategy e. organizing

c. efficiency

Giorgio is very angry with his co-worker Petra, who has made errors in her work that cause Giorgio to have to work late. Giorgio is experiencing a(n): a. attitude b. emotional intelligence incident c. emotion d. mood e. locus of control problem

c. emotion (cause/effect)

Groups of people who work together to achieve a set of goals are called a(n): a. role b. empowerment c. organization d. global organization e. a competitive advantage

c. organization

The process which managers use to select "appropriate" goals for the organization is called: a. organizing b. leading c. planning d. controlling e. demonstrating

c. planning

As a manager, Donna is known in the company as a risk-taker and an innovator. Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about her? a. she is high on extraversion b. she is low on agreeableness c. she is high on openness to experience d. she is low on negative affectivity e. she is highly conscientious

c. she is high on openness to experience

Decentralized

changing, tons of contingency plans (Microsoft)

Attitudes

collection of feelings and beliefs

Concept of organizational commitment

collection of feelings and beliefs that managers have about their organization as a whole

The ability to analyze and diagnose a problem situation and distinguish between cause and effect is a: a. human skill b. negotiating skill c. technical skill d. conceptual skill e. none of the above

d. conceptual skill

People who believe that forces outside of their control are largely responsible for what happens to them are said to be high in: a. openness to experience b. negative affectivity c. internal locus of control d. external locus of control e. need for power

d. external locus of control

The tendency of a person to feel good about himself and the rest of the world is known as: a. conscientiousness b. openness to experience c. the internal locus of control d. extroversion e. the external locus of control

d. extroversion

Managers who believe that they are largely responsible for their own fate are said to be high in: a. external locus of control b. conscientiousness c. negative affectivity d. internal locus of control e. openness to experience

d. internal locus of control

The theory (-ies) that describes the impact of external forces on the organization is called: a. scientific management b. management science c. administrative management d. organization-environment theory e. the human relations movement

d. organization-environment theory

Brad is a teacher in a rural school district. He is financially comfortable, and works because he wants to make a lasting contribution to children. Brad is expressing which type of instrumental or terminal value? a. wisdom; terminal b. social recognition; instrumental c. inner harmony; instrumental d. sense of accomplishment; terminal e. comfortable life; terminal

d. sense of accomplishment; terminal

Locus of Control

determines who controls one's destiny

Diversity

differences among people due to age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, socioeconomic background, education, physical appearance, capabilities, disabilities, and any other characteristic used to distinguish people

Which federal law prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation? a. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act b. ADA c. 1991 Civil Rights Act d. 1990 Discrimination in Employment Act e. No federal law prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation

e. No federal law prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation

Gia works in a software firm as a programming officer. During her appraisal, Ben, the floor manager, asks sexual favors from Gia in return for her promotion and pay raise. Which form of sexual harassment has occurred? a. Hostile work environment b. Accommodative approach c. Glass ceiling approach d. Whistle-blower approach e. Quid pro quo

e. Quid pro quo

Which of the following is an economic force in the environment? a. unemployment b. inflation c. interest rates d. economic growth e. all of the above

e. all of the above

When a manager monitors the work performance of workers in his department to determine if the quality of their work is "up to standard," this manager is engaging in which function? a. planning (what) b. demonstrating c. organizing (how) d. leading (motivation) e. controlling (how well)

e. controlling (how well)

The cost advantages that are associated with large organizations are known as: a. brand loyalty b. barriers to entry c. boundary spanning d. gate keeping functions e. economies of scale

e. economies of scale

What are the sources of barriers to entry?

economies of scale, brand loyalty, government regulations

Identify the "four building blocks" of competitive advantage

efficiency, innovation, quality, customer service

Top managers

establishes organizational goals, decides how departments should interact, and monitors the performance of middle managers -- President

Practical Rule

ethical decision should be one that a manger has no hesitation about communication to people outside the company because the typical person in a society would think the decision is acceptable

Justice Rule

ethical decision should distribute benefits and harm among people in a fair, equitable, and impartial manner

Moral Rights Rule

ethical decision should maintain and protect the fundamental rights and privileges of people

Utilitarian rule

ethical decisions should produce greatest good for greatest number of people

Controlling

evaluate how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action to maintain or improve performance

Big Five Personality Traits

extraversion, negative affectivity, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience

What are "barriers to entry"?

factors that make it difficult and costly for an organization to enter a particular task environment or industry

Mood

feeling or state of mind

Organizational Environment Theory

focuses on resources, open vs. closed systems

Effective

goal match

What are the three major types of managerial skills that managers need?

human, technical, conceptual

Planning

identify and select appropriate goals

Ethics

inner guiding moral principles, values, and beliefs that people use to analyze or interpret a situation and then decide what is the right or appropriate way to behave

Technical skills

job-specific knowledge and techniques required to perform an organizational role

Why is Emotional Intelligence important

managers can better understand how and why they or an employee is feeling a certain way, allows for better functioning

Emotions

more intense feelings than moods and are more short-lived, related to cause and effect

McClelland's three basic needs

need for achievement (challenge), affiliation (interpersonal relations), power (control)

Contingency Theory

no one best way to organize

Stakeholder

people or groups affected by how company and managers behave; supply company with production resources; claim on and have stake in company

Instrumental value

personal conviction about desired modes of conduct or ways of behaving

Terminal value

personal conviction about lifelong goals or objectives

Define individual ethics

personal values and attitudes that govern how individuals interact with other people

Individual ethics

personal values and standards resulting from influence of family, peers, upbringing, and involvement in significant social institutions

What is management?

planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently

First-line managers (base of hierarchy)

responsible for daily supervision of non-managerial employees; work in all departments or functions of organization -- Teacher

What are the three types of rites?

rites of passage, rites of integration, rites of enhancement

Three sources for a firm's code of ethics?

societal, professional, individual

Standard operating procedures (SOPs)

specific sets of rules about how to perform a particular task

Centralized

stable, few contingency plans (Principal)

Define professional ethics

standards that govern how members of a profession are to make decisions when the way they should behave is not clear-cut

Define societal ethics

standards that govern how members of a society deal with each other in matters involving issues such as fairness, justice, poverty, and the rights of the individual

Organizing

structure working relationships in a way that allows organizational members to work together to achieve organizational goals

Middle managers

supervises first-line managers and responsible for finding the best way to use resources to achieve organizational goals -- Dean

What are the two kinds of personal values

terminal and instrumental

Management Science Theory

total quality management, tracking system, operations management

Norms

unwritten, informal codes of conduct

Efficient

use of resources

What are the four decision making ethical models?

utilitarian rule, moral rights rule, practical rule, justice rule

Societal ethics

values and standards embodies in a society's laws, customs, practices, and norms and values (justice, fairness, poverty)

Professional ethics

values and standards groups of managers and workers use to decide how to behave appropriately

What factors maintain and transmit organizational culture?

values of the founder, socialization, ceremonies and rites, stories and language

Hawthorne Studies

workers' productivity is affected more by observation or attention received than by physical work setting