Chemistry 3-4

All nuclei with atomic numbers greater than 83 are

Radioactive

When an atom emits alpha beta or gamma radiation, it is undergoing _____ decay

Radioactive

Almost all the atoms you encounter have ___ nuclei

Stable

In any radioactive decay, the sum of the mass numbers and atomic numbers must be ___ before and after the reaction

The same

Why is carbon dating not useful for artifacts made of entirely metal

Carbon dating only applies to artifacts or objects containing carbon atoms

Nuclear reactions change the composition of an atoms

Nucleus

Gamma

Radiation that is similar to x rays and is not composed of particles

Atomic nucleus

Small core at the center of an atom containing a positive charge

Radioactivity

Spontaneous emission of radiation from an element

Cathode ray

Stream of particles originating from a carhode

The attractive force that over comes the electric repulsion between protons is the ___ force

Strong nuclear

Compare the penetrating power of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation

Alpha-weakest Beta- medium Gamma-strongest

Static electricity

Electrical charges that are not in motion

The most dangerous form of radiation to the body is

Gamma

Why do nuclei need neutrons to be stable?

Like charges repel each other,neutrons serve better as. Buffer so that the protons don't push each other apart

Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation are distinguished by their charge, __, and penetrating power

Mass

Electron

Negatively charged particle found outside of the atomic nucleus

To be stable, atoms with more than 20 protons need increasingly more

Neutrons than protons

The sun produces energy by the means of

Nuclear fusion

Alpha particle

Particle with a 2+ charge that is emitted by radioactive elements