Chemistry 3-4
All nuclei with atomic numbers greater than 83 are
Radioactive
When an atom emits alpha beta or gamma radiation, it is undergoing _____ decay
Radioactive
Almost all the atoms you encounter have ___ nuclei
Stable
In any radioactive decay, the sum of the mass numbers and atomic numbers must be ___ before and after the reaction
The same
Why is carbon dating not useful for artifacts made of entirely metal
Carbon dating only applies to artifacts or objects containing carbon atoms
Nuclear reactions change the composition of an atoms
Nucleus
Gamma
Radiation that is similar to x rays and is not composed of particles
Atomic nucleus
Small core at the center of an atom containing a positive charge
Radioactivity
Spontaneous emission of radiation from an element
Cathode ray
Stream of particles originating from a carhode
The attractive force that over comes the electric repulsion between protons is the ___ force
Strong nuclear
Compare the penetrating power of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation
Alpha-weakest Beta- medium Gamma-strongest
Static electricity
Electrical charges that are not in motion
The most dangerous form of radiation to the body is
Gamma
Why do nuclei need neutrons to be stable?
Like charges repel each other,neutrons serve better as. Buffer so that the protons don't push each other apart
Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation are distinguished by their charge, __, and penetrating power
Mass
Electron
Negatively charged particle found outside of the atomic nucleus
To be stable, atoms with more than 20 protons need increasingly more
Neutrons than protons
The sun produces energy by the means of
Nuclear fusion
Alpha particle
Particle with a 2+ charge that is emitted by radioactive elements