CIS 317 Final Exam

Which one of the following is not a problem that needs to removed as part of the normalization process? 1. Missing primary key 2. Multivalued attribute 3. Transitive dependency 4. Functional dependency 5. Partial functional dependency

4. Functional dependency

Which one of the following is not one of the human-computer collaboration principles for system characteristics? a. Avoid using data regarding a user's prior actions b. Customize vocabulary for organizational needs c. Provide transaction level navigation and progress guidance d. Identify causes underlying a problem and determine how it can be resolved e. Identify and prioritize more likely paths for a specific user

a. Avoid using data regarding a user's prior actions

Which one of the following layers is responsible for governing the use of a physical medium in a specific network context? a. Data Link Layer b. Network Layer c. Transport Layer d. Presentation Layer e. Application Layer

a. Data Link Layer

Which one of Nielsen's heuristics does the following system behavior demonstrate: the system offers a different navigation mechanism depending on the user's experience level and choice? a. Flexibility and efficiency of use b. Recognition rather than recall c. Error prevention d. User control and freedom e. Consistency and standards

a. Flexibility and efficiency of use

Which one of the use case types can include acceptance criteria? a. Fully dressed b. Brief c. Casual d. Fully dressed and casual e. Fully dressed and brief

a. Fully dressed

The following are categories for a particular mechanism associated with UI controls: list of acceptable values, range control, forced choice and prevention of empty values. What is this mechanism? a. Input validation b. Breadcrumbs c. Menu d. Pagination e. Navigation code

a. Input validation

Which one of the following is less likely to be associated with vertical scaling than horizontal scaling? a. Load balancing b. Decrease in the number of computing units c. Slower communication channels between components d. Higher software complexity e. All of the above

a. Load balancing

What type of a model is the relational data model? a. Logical data model b. Conceptual data model c. Physical data model d. Presentation data model e. Data access model

a. Logical data model

Which one of the following is not aligned with Babich's UX principles for mobile user experience? a. Make sure that all potentially necessary information is available on the same screen b. Consider expected hand position when locating controls c. Minimize the need for typing d. Support user with navigation as much as possible e. Focus on the visibility of interface elements

a. Make sure that all potentially necessary information is available on the same screen

What is the typical role of a controller in application design that follows the separation of controls principle? a. Managing internal logic of the application b. Managing data logic of the application c. Controlling direct interaction with user d. Controlling data storage e. None of the above

a. Managing internal logic of the application

Which structure in an EER diagram frequently includes attributes that need to be included in a converted relation? a. Many-to-many relationship b. Binary one-to-many relationship c. Multivalued attribute d. Unary one-to-many relationship e. None of the above

a. Many-to-many relationship

Consider the following statement "In the case of a system failure during the transaction, all changes are cancelled and errors are logged." Which one of the fully dressed use case sections is it most likely to belong? a. Minimal guarantee b. Precondition c. Alternative scenario d. Success guarantee e. Trigger

a. Minimal guarantee

Which Zachman actor role is mostly interested in artifacts at the level of conceptual models (such as EER, Activity diagram, conceptual representation of the network)? a. Owner b. Director c. Builder d. Designer e. Planner

a. Owner

Which one of the following controls is intended for presenting for a broad range of possible values for selection? a. Picker b. Toggle c. Slider d. Radio button group e. Check box group

a. Picker

Which one of the following has been the foundational and dominant organizational data management technology for several decades? a. Relational databases b. NoSQL databases c. Specialized analytical data stores d. Hadoop e. Data lake for unstructured data

a. Relational databases

Which one of the following network devices is needed to connect multiple IP networks? a. Router b. Switch c. Hub d. Firewall e. Access point

a. Router

What is the primary reason for creating use case slices? a. Splitting the use case in a way that is suitable for construction b. Improving the clarity of the use case c. Achieving a better fit with the INVEST criteria d. Supporting business processes better e. Achieving a better fit with the domain model

a. Splitting the use case in a way that is suitable for construction

Which one of the following data models is primarily used for data warehousing and business intelligence? a. Star schema b. Transactional relational model c. JSON d. EER e. None of the above

a. Star schema

Which one of the following is true? a. Use cases provide more details regarding functional requirements than user stories b. User stories provide more details regarding functional requirements than use cases c. Neither use cases nor user stories have anything to do with functional requirements d. User stories focus on the details of user-system interaction, unlike use cases e. Use cases follow a formally standardized format to document functional requirements

a. Use cases provide more details regarding functional requirements than user stories

Which one of the following is likely to be associated with major one-time costs? a. Vertical scaling b. Horizontal scaling c. Both vertical and horizontal scaling d. Both vertical and horizontal, but horizontal much more prominently e. Neither vertical nor horizontal scaling

a. Vertical scaling

Which one of the following items directly represents the logical structure if...then...else? a. alt b. opt c. loop d. opt and alt e. loop, opt, and alt

a. alt

Assume the following functional dependencies: A→ B, C C→ D, E F→ G, H, I. Which one(s) of the following would not be violated with this set of attributes, however they are organized? a. 1NF b. 2NF c. 3NF d. 1NF and 2NF e. 2NF and 3NF

b. 2NF

An ER model has one structural element that is illustrated with a rounded rectangle. Which one? a. Entity b. Associative entity c. Primary key d. Relationship e. Foreign key

b. Associative entity

See the image below. What is the red symbol in the upper right corner called? a. Modal window b. Asynchronous notification c. Message box d. Radio button e. Toggle

b. Asynchronous notification

Which one of the following best reflects the meaning of architecture as context for systems development? a. Design of the space in which development teams work b. Broad, long-term decisions regarding the general systems development and operating environment c. Detailed description of the technical infrastructure in which the system will be running d. Non-functional requirements of the system e. None of the above

b. Broad, long-term decisions regarding the general systems development and operating environment

Which one of the following lists consists of usability inspection approaches? a. Usability testing, Heuristic evaluation b. Cognitive walkthrough, Heuristic evaluation c. Cognitive walkthrough, Usability testing d. Heuristic evaluation, Usability testing, Cognitive walkthrough e. None of the above

b. Cognitive walkthrough, Heuristic evaluation

Which one of the following best describes the primary modeling purpose for the use of a UML sequence diagram? a. Data storage structure b. Communication protocol c. Administrative structure d. Inheritance hierarchy e. Business process

b. Communication protocol

Which one of the following represents an approach in which each application is placed into a collection together with the system software components it needs that shares the same operating system and hardware with other such collections? a. Virtualization b. Containerization c. Cloud computing d. SaaS e. IaaS

b. Containerization

What are breadcrumbs? a. A mechanism for showing how the current screen is associated with other screens in its hierarchy? b. Correct! Graphical symbols that provide access to specific functionality c. Controls that allow user to use text search for accessing a specific functionality d. Components of a dialogue diagram e. None of the above

b. Correct! Graphical symbols that provide access to specific functionality

What is a commonly used term for an integrated collection of information displays that focus on key performance indicators? a. Key item report b. Dashboard c. Query panel d. Analytics platform e. BI tool

b. Dashboard

Which one of the following model types is particularly useful for identifying object behaviors (methods) in application design? a. System sequence diagram b. Design sequence diagram c. Domain model d. Activity diagram e. Use case diagram

b. Design sequence diagram

Which one of the following statements regarding forms of usability evaluation is false? a. In usability testing, current or prospective users perform the tests b. In heuristic evaluation, current or prospective users perform the tests c. In cognitive walkthrough, experts perform the tests d. In heuristic evaluation, experts determine if a system is aligned with a predefined set of principles e. Usability evaluation can be performed either by experts or prospective users

b. In heuristic evaluation, current or prospective users perform the tests

Which one of the following describes the relationship between a use case diagram and use case narrative(s)? a. One use case narrative incorporates multiple use case diagrams b. One use case diagram includes multiple use cases, the details of which are described with use case narratives c. One use case narrative is described with exactly one use case narrative d. One use case diagram includes one use case narrative e. Use case narrative and use case diagrams are entirely separated from each other

b. One use case diagram includes multiple use cases, the details of which are described with use case narratives

Consider the following statement "Customer service representative is authorized to work with the relevant customer type." To which one of the fully dressed use case sections is it most likely to belong? a. Main scenario b. Precondition c. Minimal guarantee d. Success guarantee e. Trigger

b. Precondition

Which one of the following structural requirements for a relation is not part of 1NF? a. Name b. Removal of partial functional dependencies c. Primary key d. Every entry in a column on a row includes a single value e. They all are part of 1NF

b. Removal of partial functional dependencies

Which one of the following is not one of the model types in the Zachman framework? a. People b. Speed c. Data d. Function e. Time

b. Speed

What type of a use case would you use if you needed to describe a set of several user goals with the same use case? a. Sub-function level b. Summary level c. User goal level d. Casual e. Brief

b. Summary level

Which one of the statements is true? a. User goal level use case may describe an entire business process b. Summary level use case may describe an entire business process c. Subfunction level use case may describe an entire business process d. Subfunction level use case may incorporate multiple user goal level use cases e. Subfunction level use case may incorporate multiple summary level use cases

b. Summary level use case may describe an entire business process

Which one of the following is a popular model for evaluating applications in an organization's application portfolio? a. TOGAF b. TIME c. EAI d. REST e. SaaS

b. TIME

Which one of the following concepts encompasses the broadest area? a. Human-computer interaction b. User experience c. Usability d. User satisfaction e. Effectiveness

b. User experience

Assume that E → F, G, H and F → G. Further, assume a relation REL1(E, F, G, H). Which normal form is it in? a. No normal form b. 1NF c. 2NF d. 3NF e. 1NF and 3NF but not 2NF

c. 2NF

Which one of the following statements regarding the need to create use cases to articulate functional requirements is not true: a.. A project with less stable requirements is less likely to benefit from detailed use cases b. A project with non-co-located team members is more likely to benefit from detailed use cases c. A smaller IT team is more likely to benefit from detailed use cases d. A team with lower average skills set is likely to benefit from detailed use cases e. A more complex project is more likely to benefit from detailed use cases.

c. A smaller IT team is more likely to benefit from detailed use cases

Which one of following defines a feature: a. Individual element on a screen providing functionality b. Characteristics of a user interface component that defined and suggest possible uses for the component c. A system capability that allows a user to achieve a specific goal with the software d. A collection of user interface controls e. Using a real-world concept to describe how the user interface is structured

c. A system capability that allows a user to achieve a specific goal with the software

A statement within a use case is numbered "7.b.2" Which one of the fully dressed use case sections is it most likely to belong? a. Main scenario b. Precondition c. Alternative scenario d. Trigger e. Success guarantee

c. Alternative scenario

Which one of the following is not one of the four typical layers in a multi-tiered client/server model? a. Data storage layer b. Data access layer c. Data transformation layer d. Business logic layer e. Presentation layer

c. Data transformation layer

Which one of the following concepts specifically focuses on the resources that are needed to achieve a particular goal? a. Effectiveness b. User satisfaction c. Efficiency d. User experience e. None of the above

c. Efficiency

What are LAMP, WAMP, and MEAN? a. Subtypes of design sequence diagrams b. Systems development methodologies c. Full-stack development frameworks d. Types of user stories e. Alternatives for MySQL

c. Full-stack development frameworks

The purpose of use case models is to identify: a. Key concepts of the domain b Business processes c. Functional design of the system d. Details of the user interface e. None of the above

c. Functional design of the system

Which one of the following terms describes a process for organizing a group of related data items into a set of well-structured relations? a. Separation of concerns b. Object-relational mapping c. Normalization d. Functional dependency determination e. Designing for high cohesion

c. Normalization

Which structure in an EER diagram is converted by adding a foreign key into one of the converted relations? a. Many-to-many relationship b. Associative entity c. One-to-many relationship d. Any type of ternary relationship e. None of the above

c. One-to-many relationship

Which term is used to describe an informal project that is used to explore the feasibility of a new technology? a. INVEST b. BRUF c. PoC d. ETL e. COTS

c. PoC

A specification for a medical diagnostic software service articulates that the service needs to be available 99.995% of the time and never unavailable more than 10 minutes at a time. Which dimension of FURPS+ does this requirement represent? a. Security b. Supportability c. Reliability d. Performance e. Functionality

c. Reliability

Which one of the following architectural models/model sets include Enterprise Service Bus as a core element? a. Microservices b. Monolithic c. Service Oriented Architecture d. Monolithic and Service Oriented Architecture e. Monolithic and Microservices

c. Service Oriented Architecture

Which one of the following statements is true? a. Use cases are more likely to be used in an agile project than in a hybrid project b. The origins of user stories were in the context of plan-driven methodologies c. The origins of use cases were in the context of plan-driven methodologies d. User stories are more likely to be used in a plan-driven project than in an agile project e. None of the above

c. The origins of use cases were in the context of plan-driven methodologies

Which one of the following forms typically the most direct antecedent of a system sequence diagram? a. User story b. Activity diagram c. Use case d. Domain model e. Design sequence diagram

c. Use case

Which one of Nielsen's heuristics does the following system behavior demonstrate: the system asks the user to verify that it is the user's intent to delete all products in the system? a. Consistency and standards b. Flexibility and efficiency of use c. User control and freedom d. Recognition rather than recall e. Help and documentation

c. User control and freedom

Compared to containerization, which one of the following statements regarding virtual machines is true? a. Virtual machines are more lightweight b. Virtual machines require fewer resources c. Virtual machines do not share the same host operating system d. Virtual machines are individual physical computers e. All of the above

c. Virtual machines do not share the same host operating system

Imagine that a company has dozens of retail stores in a multi-state area and a single-building headquarters. It supports both wired and wireless access in its stores and has a data center at its headquarters. Which network types are the company and its employees likely to own or lease? a. WiFi b. WiFi and Ethernet c. WiFi, Ethernet, and some WAN technology d. WiFi, Ethernet, some WAN technology, and mobile network(s) e. WiFi, Ethernet, some WAN technology, mobile network(s), and a campus network

c. WiFi, Ethernet, and some WAN technology

Assume four possible responses to an error situation by the system: a) Provide contextual information regarding the situation; b) Let the user decide the best course of action without interference; c) Suggest a course of action and ask if it should be executed; and d) Provide contextual information regarding the situation and contact information for a human expert. Which is the preference order for these courses of action by the system according to the human-computer collaboration model? a. a, b, c, d b. d, c, b, a c. c, d, a, b d. c, d, b, a e. d, c, a, b

c. c, d, a, b

Which one of the following items represents the logic structure selection? a. opt b. alt c. opt and alt d. loop e. loop, opt, and alt

c. opt and alt

Which expression of the following is closest to functional design? a. A system "what" b. A system feature c. A system technical "how" d. A system nontechnical "how" e. A system nontechnical "where"

d. A system nontechnical "how"

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of a relation? a. The order of the columns of the relation is irrelevant b. Each row in a relation is guaranteed to be different from all other rows c. The order of the rows of the relation is irrelevant d. All data items include at least two components e. Each value in a column has the same data type

d. All data items include at least two components

Which one of the following is the order of use case types from the shortest to the longest? a. Fully dressed, casual, brief b. Fully dressed, brief, casual c. Casual, brief, fully dressed d. Brief, casual, fully dressed e. Brief, fully dressed, casual

d. Brief, casual, fully dressed

Which one of the following has the broadest scope? a. Technology architecture b. Data architecture c. Application architecture d. Enterprise architecture e. Development architecture

d. Enterprise architecture

Which one of the following statements regarding design and systems sequence diagrams is false? a. Design sequence diagrams focus on the internal structure of a software system b. Both use parameters as a mechanism for carrying data as part of a request c. System sequence diagrams focus on user-system communication d. Every system should be fully documented with both sequence diagram types e. Both are based on the same UML grammar

d. Every system should be fully documented with both sequence diagram types

For whom are navigation codes typically considered to be an effective navigation mechanism? a. Novice users with no experience b. Users with some, but limited experience c. External users with access to only part of the system d. Experienced users who prefer shortcuts e. None of the above

d. Experienced users who prefer shortcuts

Assume that you need to include in a use case a requirement that applies to about 10% of the instances of this particular case. What would you use to specify these requirement details? a. Trigger b. Main success scenario c. Prerequisite d. Extension e. Minimal guarantee

d. Extension

The only hardware that a company owns include client devices and a network system that provides the client devices access to the public Internet and, using a VPN, to a service provider's data center. From the service provider, it gets data processing and data storage capacity but no specialized software services. Which model is it following? a. PaaS b. SaaS c. Microservices d. IaaS e. SOA

d. IaaS

Which one of the following networking elements moves packets from a device with a specific numeric address to another device with another specific address in a global addressing space? a. Media Access Control b. Hypertext Transfer Protocol c. Transmission Control Protocol d. Internet Protocol e. File Transfer Protocol

d. Internet Protocol

Which one of the following is an implication of the intelligent modeling principle? a. It is essential to model every use case at the same level of detail b. It is essential to choose the subfunction level use cases using the latest principles c. It is essential to create a fully dressed use case for all discovered use cases d. It is essential to apply use cases only where they truly add value and lead to better outcomes e. It is essential to create as few use cases as possible in the functional design process

d. It is essential to apply use cases only where they truly add value and lead to better outcomes

Which layer(s) in the OSI model do Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) cover? a. Layer 1 b. Layer 2 c. Layer 3 d. Layers 1 and 2 e. Layers 1, 2, and 3

d. Layers 1 and 2

Which one of the following controls allows a user to select multiple options? a. Radio button group b. Check box group c. Radio button group and List box d. List box and Check box group e. Radio button group and Check box group

d. List box and Check box group

In the TIME model, which one of the following reflects a combination that suggest a need to migrate an application a. Low technical condition - low business value b. High technical condition - low business value c. High technical condition - high business value d. Low technical condition - high business value e. None of the above

d. Low technical condition - high business value

An application integrates all of its functionality into a package that is either deployed in its entirety or not at all, and all of its elements use a shared database. Which architectural model does the application follow? a. Client/server b. Service Oriented Architecture c. Microservices d. Monolithic e. Cloud-based

d. Monolithic

Which one of the following represents a typical order of layers for a four-layer computing architecture? a. Presentation layer, database layer, data access layer, business logic layer b. Presentation layer, data access layer, database layer, business logic layer c. Data access layer, database layer, business logic layer, presentation layer d. Presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer, database layer e. Database layer, business logic layer, presentation layer, data access layer

d. Presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer, database layer

Assume that A → B, C, D and B → C. Which one of the following relations includes a transitive dependency? a. REL1(A, B) b. REL2(A, C) c. REL3(A, C, D) d. REL4(A, B, C) e. REL5(A, B, D)

d. REL4(A, B, C)

Which one of the following statements regarding interfaces for retrieving and analyzing data is false? a. Frequently, third party products are used for these purposes b. Predefined reports can provide value through their consistency c. Query systems can provide value by addressing unexpected data needs d. Reports should focus on the essential content and not provide contextual information e. Query-based output benefits from the inclusion of the query specification

d. Reports should focus on the essential content and not provide contextual information

What types of interactions do use cases typically describe? a. User - system b. User - user c. System - system d. System - system and user - system e. User - system and user - user

d. System - system and user - system

Which one of the following is true? a. Use cases support only knowledge creation but not knowledge sharing b. Use cases support only knowledge sharing but not knowledge creation c. Use cases support neither knowledge creation nor knowledge sharing d. Use cases support both knowledge creation and knowledge sharing e. Use cases are the only mechanism for knowledge creation and knowledge sharing in SA&D

d. Use cases support both knowledge creation and knowledge sharing

Select the Nielsen - Shneiderman pair below where the parts do not align well. a. User control and freedom - Permit easy reversal of actions b. Recognition rather than recall - Reduce short-term memory load c. Flexibility and efficiency of use - Enable frequent users to use shortcuts d. Visibility of system status - Offer simple error handling e. Help users deal with errors effectively - Offer informative feedback

d. Visibility of system status - Offer simple error handling

Consider Figure 8-2 (included above). Which one of the following statements is true? a. "Submit end-of-shift report" is an extension of "Submit an error report" b. "Review report of purchases" is included in "Log in" c. Supervisor needs to always request manager's permission for a special price period creation. d. Store manager can initiate the creation of a special price period for a product. e. "Submit an error report" is an extension of "Submit end-of-shift report"

e. "Submit an error report" is an extension of "Submit end-of-shift report"

Which one of the following is not an action taken in database implementation after the development of normalized relations? a. Specification of data types b. Indexing c. Denormalization d. Writing the statements that create the database e. Adding a primary key

e. Adding a primary key

Which one of the following is used to describe the most likely path for user to achieve a specific goal in a use case? a. Basic flow b. Main scenario c. Main success scenario d. Happy path e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which one of the following statements is true? a. User stories contribute to user experience design b. Use cases contribute to user experience design c. Initial user experience modeling contributes to user experience design d. Process models contribute to user experience design e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which one of the following options is possible? a. One use case specifies one user story at a more detailed level b. No use cases are used to clarify a user story c. Multiple use cases are needed to specify a user story at a more detailed level d. One use case can specify multiple user stories at a more detailed level e. All of them are possible

e. All of them are possible

Which control would you choose if the user needs to be able to select zero to five of five possible options? a. Radio button group b. Button c. Toggle d. Picker e. Check box group

e. Check box group

What is the term commonly used for a user interface element used as part of the interface that is used to enter input or provide guidance to the system? a. Feature b. Dialogue c. Metaphor d. Affordance e. Control

e. Control

Which one of the following is not one of the Zachman actor roles? a. Subcontractor b. Builder c. Planner d. Designer e. Director

e. Director

Which model(s) created during the systems development process provides a foundation for the development of so-called CRUD interfaces? a. Process models b. User stories c. Use cases d. System sequence diagrams e. Domain model

e. Domain model

Which one of the following items is not consistent with Tognazzini's First Principles of Interaction Design? a. Fashion should never become more important than usability b. Give users a sense of the required wait time with visual guidance c. Consider the likelihood of movements between controls when positioning them d. Strive for consistency of visual style and appearance of controls e. Hide controls so that the interface is as simple as possible

e. Hide controls so that the interface is as simple as possible

Which one of the following statements is true? a. It is best to deal with user experience issues at the end of the development process b. Technical design of the user interface controls is the most important element of user experience design c. User experience design issues should be left for experts only d. It is best to deal with user experience issues primarily during business analysis activities e. It is important to consider user experience throughout the development process

e. It is important to consider user experience throughout the development process

Which one of the following could be used for building a network connection between offices in Atlanta and Chicago? a. MPLS b. Ethernet LAN c. VPN and SD-WAN d. MPLS and VPN e. MPLS, VPN, and SD-WAN

e. MPLS, VPN, and SD-WAN

Which structure is converted in an EER → relational conversion into multiple relations? a. Derived attribute b. Many-to-many relationship and multivalued attribute c. Many-to-many relationship but not multivalued attribute d. One-to-one relationship e. Multivalued attribute but not many-to-many relationship

e. Multivalued attribute but not many-to-many relationship

You need to capture in a use case information regarding the maximum allowed response time for the case's user-system interaction. Which segment of a fully dressed use case would you use for this? a. Precondition b. Success guarantee c. Main success scenario d. Scope e. Non-functional requirements

e. Non-functional requirements

Which one of the following best represents the reason underlying the need for object-relational mapping? a. Relational for network infrastructure, object-oriented for data b. Object-oriented for network infrastructure, relational for data c. Object-oriented for transactional data, relational for analytics data d. Relational for transactional data, object-oriented for analytics data e. Object-oriented for application development, relational for data

e. Object-oriented for application development, relational for data

A specification for a medical diagnostic software service articulates that it needs to produce results for every test that gets valid input in less than three minutes. Which dimension of FURPS+ does this requirement represent? a. Functionality b. Supportability c. Security d. Reliability e. Performance

e. Performance

A university has just started to use application software for student management, finance, and human resources that is offered by as a service by an external vendor and that is entirely running on IT infrastructure paid for by the vendor. Which model is the university using? a. IaaS b. Client/server c. Monolithic d. PaaS e. SaaS

e. SaaS

Which one of the following statements is true? a. Systems requirements are primarily specified during business analysis b. Systems requirements are primarily specified during functional design c. Systems requirements are primarily specified during iterative construction/configuration d. Systems requirements are primarily specified during initial visioning e. Systems requirements are specified during multiple activity types in the systems development process framework

e. Systems requirements are specified during multiple activity types in the systems development process framework

Which one of the following items is not one of the GRASP design patterns? a. Pure fabrication b. Protected variation c. Controller d. Low coupling e. They all are GRASP design patterns

e. They all are GRASP design patterns

Consider the following statement "More than three complaints have been received from the same customer within a two week period." Which one of the fully dressed use case sections is it most likely to belong? a. Main scenario b. Precondition c. Minimal guarantee d. Success guarantee e. Trigger

e. Trigger