Clinical Anatomy
how long should a patient be immobilized in an orthotic following microvascular reconstruction
1-2 weeks
clinical signs of SL injury
pain to palpation over the SL interval and characteristic "clunk" produced with movements from ulnar to radial deviation
symptoms of compartment syndrome
pain, paresthesia, paralysis, and pulselessness
what artery passes through the anatomic snuffbox
radial artery
cozen's test
resisted wrist extension with elbow if flexion and then extension
what structures form the anatomical snuffbox
scaphoid at the base, the APL and EPB form the radial border, and the EPL forms the ulnar border
what carpal bones does the transverse carpal ligament attach to
scaphoid, trapezium, pisiform, and hook of the hamate
Grayson's and Cleland's ligaments
stabilizes the digital skin preventing rotary movements of the skin around the fingers; Grayson's ligament may contribute to a PIP joint flexion contracture in Dupuytren's disease
vascular structure of the hand
superficial palmar arch, deep palmar arch, and common palmar arteries
what two muscles create the medial and lateral border of the cubial fossa
the pronator teres forms the medial border; the brachioradialis forms the lateral border
Martin-Gruber anastomosis
a communicating nerve branch between the median nerve and the ulnar nerve in the forearm. It is the most common anastomotic anomaly that occurs between these two nerves.
strongest intrinsic muscle
adductor pollicis
Quadrigia phenomenon
an active flexion lag in digits adjacent to a digit with injured or repaired FDP tendon
Linberg's sign
an anatomic interconnection between the FPL and index finger FDP
name the structures contained in the carpal tunnel
4 FDP tendons, 4 FDS tendons, median nerve, FPL
critical pulleys required to maintain relatively normal flexor tendon gliding
A2 and A4; remember odd annular pulley numbers correlate with finger joints MPJ-A1 PIPJ- A3 DIPJ-A5
Kienbock's disease
Avascular necrosis of lunate; in late stages is typically treated with proximal row carpectomy to address the collapse of the lunate and progressing SLAC wrist deformity
most common muscle affected in lateral epicondylitis
ECRB
which muscle is the most efficient extensor of the wrist
ECRB
greatest capacity for sustained work (wrist extension)
ERCL
passive structures that provide stability to the glenohumeral joint during shoulder motion
labrum, joint capsule; and the superior and inferior glenohumeral ligaments
sites of proximal compression of the median nerve
ligament of struthers, bicipetal aponeurosis, and the arch of the flexor digitorum superficialis
what is the only muscle that arises from and inserts into tendon
lumbricals