Clinical Phonology: Consonants PVM, Distinctive Features, Vowels

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Voiced bilabial stop + obstruent / - sonorant - continuant - delayed release

/b/

V alveolar stop + obstruents / - sonorant - continuant - delayed release

/d/

V palatal affricate +obstruent / - sonorant -continuant +delayed release "jump"

/dʒ/

"ballEt" front mid tense unrounded

/e/

VL labiodental fricative + obstruent + continuant

/f/

V velar stop +obstruent / - sonorant -continuant -delayed release

/g/

VL glottal stop/glide/fricative + obstruent + continuant - nasal -syllabic

/h/

"heed" front high tense unrounded

/i/

voiced palatal glide -nasal -syllabic

/j/

VL velar stop + obstruent / - sonorant - continuant -delayed release

/k/

LATERAL liquid voiced alveolar liquid - nasal + syllabic

/l/

voiced bilabial nasal + sonorant + nasal

/m/

voiced alveolar nasal + sonorant + nasal

/n/

"pillow" back mid tense rounded

/o/

VL bilabial stop + obstruent / - sonorant - continuant - delayed release

/p/

RHOTIC liquid voiced palatal liquid - nasal + syllabic

/r/

VL alveolar fricative + obstruent + continuant

/s/

VL alveolar stop + obstruent / - sonorant - continuant - delayed release

/t/

VL palatal affricate +obstruent/ - sonorant - continuant +delayed release "chocolate"

/tʃ/

"two" back high tense rounded

/u/

V labiodental fricative + obstruent + continuant

/v/

voiced bilabial glide -nasal -syllabic

/w/

V alveolar fricative + obstruent + continuant

/z/

"bat" front low lax unrounded

/æ/

V linguadental aka interdental aka dental fricative + obstruent + continuant "the"

/ð/

voiced velar nasal + sonorant + nasal walking

/ŋ/

"father" back low tense unrounded

/ɑ/

"awe" back mid tense rounded

/ɔ/

"about" called the schwa in unstressed syllables generally central lax unrounded

/ə/

"mother" in unstressed syllables generally central lax rounded

/ɚ/

"red" front mid lax unrounded

/ɛ/

"heard" in stressed syllables generally central tense rounded

/ɝ/

"his" front mid lax unrounded

/ɪ/

VL palatal fricative + obstruent + continuant "shy"

/ʃ/

"could" back mid lax rounded

/ʊ/

"bud" called the karet in stressed syllables generally central lax unrounded

/ʌ/

V palatal fricative + obstruent + continuant "television"

/ʒ/

VL linguadential aka interdental aka dental fricative + obstruent + continuant "thin"

/θ/

airflow is directed through nasal passages

nasality is when

sonorants

nasals, liquids, and glides are all...

aspirated sound

pʰ means

unaspirated sound

p˭ means

sibilants

s z ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ are all...

inclusion of f, v stridents include f, v sibilants don't the th sounds are excluded from both

sibilants and stridents differ by the...

speech sounds (consonants and vowels) with no obstruction of airflow (obstruents = obstruct)

sonorants are...

Differ by delayed release Both manners are (+)obstruents, and (-) continuants

stops differ from affricates by the distinctive feature of...

(+) obstruents i.e. (-) sonorant (-) continuant (-)delayed release

stops distinctive features

obstruents

stops, fricatives, and affricates are all...

HISSSSSSSSS

stridency

sound produced by vocal folds vibrating

voicing is when

a voiced alveolar stop harry poɾɚ

ɾ What am I? Hint: not an /r/

a voiceless glottal stop The sound in the middle of uh-oh

ʔ What am I

(+) obstruents i.e. (-) sonorant (-) continuant (+) delayed release

affricates distinctive features

/ɑ/

all back vowels are rounded but...

/ʊ/

all back vowels are tense but...

unrounded

all front vowels are...

air flows continuously through mouth (-) continuants have complete closure of vocal tract in oral cavity or at glottis

continuancy is when

stridents

f v s z ʃ ʒ tʃ dʒ are all...

ð, θ f, v (h)

fricatives that are NOT sibilants include...

all 3 are obstruents fricatives are continuants (+) affricates & stops are NOT continuants (-) then (-) continuants are divided into: (+)delayed release = affricative (-) delayed release = stops

how are fricatives vs. affricates & stops alike and different in terms of distinctive features?

liquids and glides are both - nasal but liquids are = + syllabic and glides are = - syllabic

how are liquids and glides are alike and different?

nasals are +nasal liquids & glides are -nasal duh

how do nasals differ from liquids & glides?


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