COM 102 Exam 2

how many types of general questions could be included in a survey?

2

What type of audience should you share a persuasive message with?

A Oppositional audience B Favorable audience C Middle-of-the-road audience

Poor audience analysis can _______.

A Result in failing to achieve the speech goal B Make the speech content less meaningful to the audience C Make the speech less audience-centered

Which of the following is a benefit of studying argumentation?

A We can be better at evaluating the arguments of others. B We can become more aware of persuasion in our daily lives. C We can be more efficient and effective when we compose arguments.

Which of the following is the best example of an audience-centered speaker?

A speaker who incorporates conversational skills in delivery and adapts to situational factors in the moment in order to meet the listeners' expectations.

After examining answers from a focus group, Alexa concludes that her audience is relatively uninformed about her persuasive speech topic on deforestation. Consequently, she decides to define key terms and definitions to provide a basic understanding. Her speech content choice is an example of _____________.

Audience adaptation

_______methods include conducting surveys and focus groups to understand the listener's attitudes and background.

Audience analysis

During a persuasive speech your fellow classmate states, "Dr. Ashley holds advanced degrees in Theology and has a fluent knowledge of Hebrew and Greek. Through his years of researchhe has found the Dead Sea Scrolls to be authentic manuscripts." What type of source credibility is he emphasizing?

Authority

Poor demographic analysis can sometimes lead the speaker to use _________ that negatively affect the speech content and effectiveness. Select all that apply.

B Stereotypes (correct) C Inaccurate assumptions (correct)

All of the following are reasons people might engage in argumentation except:

B To create disagreements.

During a class debate, one of your classmates (Student A) cites a 2001 study that suggests phobias are learned from a child's peers within the first five years of life. Another classmate (Student B) interjects and states, "A newer study conducted in 2012 by the American Psychological Association suggests phobias are learned from our parents and not by our peers." What type of source credibility is Student B emphasizing?

Currency

In academic terms, what is an argument?

In academic terms, what is an argument?

Mary went to the doctor and complained of sneezing, coughing, a low-grade fever, and a sore throat. After verifying all symptoms, the doctor diagnosed the problem and wrote a prescription. Which type of reasoning did the doctor use?

Inductive reasoning

According to your text, one of the quickest and most direct approaches to gathering information is through an _.

Interview

You go to your campus library to locate a certain book on hiking and discover the text is not available in the library. Which of the following options (if any) are possible solutions? Select all that apply.

Locate an electronic copy of the book or request an interlibrary loan. Continue to scan the shelf to locate the text or another text that may prove just as helpful.

Archived newspapers can be located in your campus library. They are stored on flat pieces of film called: __

Microfiche

While presenting a persuasive speech your classmate mentions he is the president of the campus' Bigfoot club. He then proceeds to say, "It's obvious to anyone that takes a look at the hard evidence that Bigfoot exists!" Based on the information above, your classmate's information lacks

Objectivity

While watching a political debate, you hear one of the candidates state: "Don't take my word for it; an independent study conducted by Quinnipiac University, an organization known for their neutrality, verified the facts I just presented to you!" What type of source credibility is he emphasizing?

Objectvity

'Because trial juries in the United States are ineffective, future trials should be tried in front of judicial panels' is what type of claim?

Policy

You conducted a survey gauging the audience's general knowledge and attitudes about your speech topic. The results show that most of the audience is unfamiliar with the issue. How could you adapt the content to take into account the audience's knowledge?

Present points clearly and define basic terms and concepts

the survey question below is an example of _______. "I believe college students should vote in the next presidential election." Strongly Agree/Strongly Disagree

Psychological analysis

______ is the process that connects the claims of an argument together and leads the listener(s) to the conclusion.

Reasoning or Reasoned judgment

Which of the following is an example of external research on a target audience?

Research studies from an academic journal statistics from a government website

Noah was having a difficult time locating sources for his speech topic. He did have one good book on the subject and began reviewing the author's references for leads. Noah's approach is known as:

Snowballing

Which of the following is an effective audience adaptation method used on an oppositional (unfavorable) audience?

State the opposing view fairly, develop your own position on that viewpoint, and provide strong evidence that supports your main claims

Online periodicals are oftentimes free and available for your use on campus.

True

"This program worked great at the University of Massachusetts, so it should work well at our college, too." This is an example of _____ type of reasoning.

analogical reasoning

_________is a method that creates and changes the speech content to make it relate to the audience's interests.

audience adaption

______ means shifting the public speaking focus from the speaker to the audience's needs and expectations.

audience centric speaking

It's important to identify the credentials of your sources for your speech. These credentials provide the source with ___.

authority

Candidate A is leading in the polls. Therefore, Candidate A is the most competent presidential candidate.

bandwagon

When speaking to an environmental club on campus and you tell them that you didn't print handouts because you thought it would be wasteful, you may be trying to accomplish what with your audience?

cognitive consistency

If you listen to a speech on the negative effects of energy drinks and you find it to be quite persuasive, yet you are a regular consumer of energy drinks, which of these are you likely to experience?

cognitive dissonance

An argument that moves from general to specific is a(n) _____ argument.

deductive

Speakers should conduct a ___ analysis to better understand the audience's features such as age and gender.

demographic analysis

You are either with me or against me.

either-or

Sharing your educational background with the audience as a way to help persuade the audience would be using which of the Three Proofs of Persuasion?

ethos

"Frame of reference" is the audience's ability to relate to an event or situation based upon their _____________.

experiences

Social media causes damage to personal relationships' is what type of claim?

fact

Arguments create disagreements and/or misunderstandings.

false

If you are giving a speech on a topic you already have experience with, you do not need to gather outside information.

false

In the fields of argumentation and logic, an argument should be emotional.

false

Judgments are the logical process of forming statements from the evidence found.

false

Persuasive messages that don't align with the audience's current beliefs shouldn't be shared, as it will only lead to conflict.

false

f you already have experience and are knowledgeable in a topic you intend to present, you do not need to research.

false

If you are speaking to a group of dentists about the importance of oral health, you are most likely speaking to what type of audience?

favorable

An argument that moves from specific examples to a general conclusion is a(n) ______ argument.

inductive

onducting a focus group is a helpful audience analysis tool because:

it provides in depth insights that are not necessarily provided through a survey

An argument is central to the study of argumentation and _____.

logic

When giving a speech about the importance of saving money, you introduce statistics showing how much one could expect to have in their retirement account, depending on the age they begin saving, would be using which of the Three Proofs of Persuasion?

logos

If you are trying to persuade an audience to accept compulsory voting in the United States and they have never heard of the topic, what type of audience would this be?

middle of the road

You are determining a source's _ when you evaluate whether it is provided fair and balanced information.

objectivity

If you deliver a speech that clearly addresses your perspective and does not address any viewpoints beyond your own, you are employing what type of approach to persuasion?

one sided approach

If you are advocating changing the legal age limit for driving from 16 to 25 to an audience of high school students, you are most likely speaking to what type of audience?

oppositional

Showing a picture of a grieving family to highlight the damage drunk driving can cause would be using which of the Three Proofs of Persuasion?

pathos

Unfortunately, we are going to lay off 5% of our workers. It's important for us to note that keeping our prices low on new products is our number one goal.

red herring

Marcus arrived at the location of his speaking engagement to find that the venue is much smaller than he expected. Which of the analysis types did he forget to conduct?

situational analysis location

If we pass laws against automatic guns, then it won't be long before we pass laws against all weapons. Then our rights will be restricted, and the next thing you know we'll be leaving in a communist state. Therefore, we should not ban automatic guns.

slippery slope

Which of the following is NOT an audience analysis type?

speaker analysis

If a vegetarian speaker is addressing a college class, presenting a speech with the specific purpose, "To persuade audience members to see the benefits of a vegetarian lifestyle and join me in eating a vegetarian diet for the next five days." What type of speech are they giving?

speaking to actutate

An argument is a set of statements that offer reasons to believe the conclusion offered by the arguer.

true

Fallacious reasoning might be used intentionally.

true

Highly educated audiences will expect more evidence and strong argumentation skills in your speech.

true

One of the advantages of researching your speech is that it adds to your credibility.

true

If you deliver a speech that acknowledges other viewpoints and offers reasons for why they are inferior to your own ideas, you are employing what type of approach to persuasion?

two sided approach

'Hockey is a more challenging sport to play than basketball' is what type of claim?

value