Com 160 Final
The issue of Privacy
- Concerned with individuals rights to protect their privacy from invasive, intrusive media - Protecting privacy in communication - Protecting privacy of personal information
Nielsen ratings
- The concept of computing radio which began the A.C. Nielsen Company - This began in 1923 as a product testing company then branched to marketing research - they started in 1936 by reporting radio ratings and doing the same for TV by 1950 - To produce the ratings today, Nielsen selects 37,000 households thought to be representative of the entire U.S. viewing audience - To record data on what people in those TV households are watching, Nielsen employs the personal people meter - It requires each member of a television home to press buttons to record his or her individual viewing - The information recorded is sent to Nielsen by telephone lines, and the company can then determine the program watched, who was watching it, and the amount of time each viewer spent with it
How cable TV started
- With expanded bandwidth and the new, powerful Jerrold boosters, these systems began experimenting with the importation of distant signals, using wires not only to provide improved reception but also to offer a wider variety of programming - They began delivering independent stations from as far away as New York to fill their then-amazing 7 to 10 channels - By 1962, 800 systems were providing cable television to more than 850,000 homes
Advertising and video games
-product placement -freemium games -advergaming
The rise of reality TV and internet video games
Alters our way of perceiving real life Changes views Could potentially promote aggressive behavior and what we believe is right or wrong Distracts us from our daily living patterns
How a program gets on the air
Approximately 100 trial programs or pilots are filmed out of 4,000 proposals for new TV series
History of the internet:
Colossus was the first computer ever invented ARP Anet (late 1960's, Advanced Research Project Agency) was established for military use Email came along (1970s) NSFNET - The National Science Foundation Network was a program of coordinated, evolving projects sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) beginning in 1985 to promote advanced research and education networking in the United States
How copyright rules apply on the internet:
Copyright protection is designed to ensure that those who create content are financially compensated for their work (see Chapter 14). The assumption is that more "authors" will create more content if assured of monetary compensation from those who use it. Technically, copyright rules apply to the Internet as they do to other media. Material on the Net, even on electronic bulletin boards, belongs to the author, so its use, other than fair use, requires permission and possibly payment. But because material on the Internet is not tangible, it is easily, freely, and privately copied. This renders it difficult, if not impossible, to police those who do copy
Negatives of Video Games
Decreased pro social behavior Reduction in empathy Constantly tied to devices (electronic) Increase aggressive thoughts/ behavior Suffering relationships - friends and family or other relationships Poor performance in school Increased aggression Lack of focus or preoccupation with other interests Health problems - can develop many such as childhood obesity or backaches
The video game rating system
EC - Early Childhood - Ages 3 and up E - Everyone - Ages 6 and up E +10 - Everyone - Ages 10 and up T - Teen - Ages 13 and up M - Mature - Ages 17 and up AO - Adults Only - Ages 18 and up the ESRB system requires that games offer content descriptors somewhere on the front or back of the game package explaining why a particular rating was assigned. Although the Federal Trade Commission has lauded the ESRB ratings as the most comprehensive of the three industries' (games, recordings, movies), media-literate gamers (or friends and parents of gamers) should understand the strengths and weaknesses of this system.
The famous women described in lecture and their contributions (know generally: Guy Blache, Weber, Glyn, Bow, Harlow)
Guy Blache - French pioneer filmmaker 1st female director in motion picture industry one of the first directors of a fiction film. The Cabbage Fairy (1886) Weber - the most important female American film maker as known / producer/ actress Glyn - scenario writer Bow - The "it girl" famous actress in 1920s silent movies Harlow - blonde bombshell, sex symbol, defining features
ISP
Internet service provider. Provides internet access to homes and businesses for a fee.
The Great Train Robbery
It was the most popular and commercially successful film of the pre-nickelodeon era, and established the notion that film could be a commercially-viable medium.
Branding films
It's a film supported by a brand that isn't about the brand. In fact, any product or service the brand offers tends to take a back seat to the story.
Ball's major contributions to the TV industry
Lucille Ball was able to stand her ground in this changing time of TV Broke barriers with depictions of pregnancy and women of the time She had major power behind the scenes of the camera also First woman to run her own production company Had to fight the network in order to portray Lucy and Ricky's multiethnic marriage
Deficit Financing System
Production company leases the show to a network for a license fee that is actually less than the cost of production How TV program production costs are funded
The frustration-aggression hypothesis:
Proposed by Dollard, Doob, Miller, Mower, and Sears (1939). According to this view, frustration, which is defined as "the state that emerges when circumstances interfere with a goal response," often leads to aggression when you are not achieving your goal institute people to act aggressively
The first public demonstration of television
RCA made its first true public demonstration of television in the form of regularly scheduled two hour NBC broadcasts, consisted of cooking demonstrations, singers, jugglers, comedians, and puppets
Positives of Video Games
Social control Physical therapy (Wii used as a source) Stress relief Cognitive abilities Hand eye coordination Problem solving and logic Fine motor and spatial skills Planning, resource management, and logistics Multitasking, quick thinking, accuracy
Convergence in the video game industry
Soundtracks, crossover of movies into games, advertisement in games
Nickelodeons
Starting in 1905, Nickelodeons were the first movie houses where admission was one nickel. First featured brief comic sequences, to movies that began to tell stories, "the great train robbery" Allowed youth to briefly escape parental supervision. Diversion that eased city life for the poor, often looked down on by "progressive" middle class
Vertical integration
Taking over all other suppliers and distributors. Implemented by Rockefeller. Controlling all aspects of the production process.
Who (demographically speaking) goes to movies
Teens and 20's
The Hays Office, the MPPC and everything about it in your book/from lecture
The Hays Office, as it became known, undertook a vast effort to improve the image of the movies. Stressing the importance of movies to national life and as an educational medium, Hays promised better movies and founded a committee on public relations that included many civic and religious leaders. Eventually, in 1934, the Motion Picture Production Code (MPPC) was released. The MPPC forbade the use of profanity, limited bedroom scenes to married couples, required that skimpy outfits be replaced by more complete costumes, delineated the length of screen kisses, ruled out scenes that ridiculed public officials or religious leaders, and outlawed a series of words from "God" to "nuts," all enforced by a $25,000 fine
Video Game Revenues
The United States accounts for about half of the approximately $72 billion worldwide video-game industry market. Half of this total is spent on software (in 2008 surpassing for the first time the annual amount expended on DVDs), more than 3 billion individual game purchases (Masnick&Ho, 2012). The 2011 release of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 made over $400 million in its first 24 hours, and its $1 billion in 16 days topped by one day the movie Avatar's record of fastest popular culture title to a billion dollars (Masnick&Ho, 2012).
Dataveillance
The massive electronic connection and distillation of consumer data Every act online leaves a digital trail, making dataveillance possible
The technology gap and its consequences
The widening disparity between the communication technology haves and have-nots. Even with its rapid diffusion, 20% of the people in the United States do not use the Internet. The "democratization" of the Net still favors those who have the money to buy the hardware and software needed to access the Net as well as to pay for that connection. This leaves out many U.S. citizens—those on the wrong side of the digital divide.
The Red Channels Report
The work of three former FBI agents operating a company called American Business Consultants, It was 200 pages detailed the alleged pro communist sympathies of 151 broadcast personalities, many gifted artists were denied not only a paycheck but also the opportunity to shape the medium's content
Kinetoscope
Thomas Edison, early films viewed through this and machines were very heavy, prone to breaking and only allowed one person at a time to view
URL
Uniform Resource Locator identifies a resource such as an HTML file located on a Web server
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol is a category of hardware and software that enables people to use the Internet to talk to people without them being anywhere near them
What percentage of gamers are female, are children
Women - 48-52% Children - 91%
Domain Name
a part of a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). consist of two parts: the site's host and a suffix that indicates the type of organization
McCarthyism
a vociferous campaign against alleged communists in the US government and other institutions carried out under Senator Joseph McCarthy in the period 1950-54. Many of the accused were blacklisted or lost their jobs, although most did not in fact belong to the Communist Party a campaign or practice that endorses the use of unfair allegations and investigations
Block booking
an early tactic of movie studios to control exhibition, involving pressuring theater operators to accept marginal fimos with no stars in order to get access to films with the most popular starts
Networks
centralized production, distribution, decision-making organization that links affiliates for the purpose of delivering their views to advertisers
IP addresses
code of numbers for each website/ computer
Edison
created the kinetoscope and the Motion Picture Patents Company known as the Trust in 1908
How the movie industry survived the depression
creativity held people's interest size and power vertical integration monopolistic practices
Collussus / ENIAC / ARPANET / GOPHER, etc.
different types of computer programs
Share
direct reflection of a particular show's competitive performance
Multiplexing
group of tv channels mixed for broadcasting over a digital tv channel
Stipped
is a technique used for scheduling television and radio programming to ensure consistency and coherency. Television or radio programs of a particular style (such as a television series) are given a regular time slot during the week, so that it appears as a strip straight across the weekly schedule. For example, radio and television broadcasters may program a news program at rush hours every day, or at least every weekday.
A Trip to the Moon
is considered the most influential movie in cinematic history, inspired many directors and science fiction movies, had innovative special effects.
How minorities are featured in film
minorities are treated with disrespect in featured films and often have the roles of trouble makers or a negative role
Franchise films
movies produced with the intentions of producing several more
Production, distribution, and exhibition
production - making of movies distribution - the simple making print of the film and shipping them to theaters exhibition - showing the films in their own theaters
Clickstream
records info about cust during a web surfing session such as what websites were visited how long, what ads, purchase etc
News Staging
recreating an event that happened
Blockbuster mentality
reduced risk, formulaic, sequels, remakes, franchises
Syndication
sale of radio or television content to stations on a market-by-market basis
The Lumiere Bros
successfully joined two key elements of film: the ability to record a sequence of images on a flexible, transparent medium, and the capacity to project the sequence. birth of movies, 1895. made the portable sized cinemotragphe, first film was Arrival of the Train at Ciotat
Merchandise-tie-ins
the merchandise related to or stemmed from the movie
Muybridge
the photographer who took pictures and made them move
Cord cutting
the practice of canceling or forgoing a cable television subscription or landline telephone connection in favor of an alternative Internet-based or wireless service
Red Scare
the promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism or radical leftism, used by anti-leftist proponents. In the United States, the First Red Scare was about worker (socialist) revolution and political radicalism
The Birth of a Nation
the single most important film of all time in American movie history - it contains many new cinematic innovations and refinements, technical effects and artistic advancements, including a color sequence at the end. It had a formative influence on future films and has had a recognized impact on film history and the development of film as art. It is controversial, explicitly racist & is used as a recruitment piece for the KKK
Digital Natives
young people who grew up using the internet
The Quiz show scandals
· Ended the golden age of television · When sponsors completely controlled shows they made sure everything was perfect · After this they could only see how many people viewed it