Computer Science Chapter 2
RAM stands for
Random access memory
True or false a bus is a pathway, such as on the motherboard or inside the CPU, along which can be transferred
True
True or false a storage medium that can hold 256 GB can hold about 256 billion characters
True
is an international coding system for text-based data using any written language
Unicode
Optical computer
a computer that uses light, such as from laser beams or infrared beams
Multiprocessing
the capability to use multiple processors or multiple processing cores in a single computer
Decimal numbering system
the numbering system that represents all numbers using 10 symbols (0-9)
Control Unit
the part of a CPU core that coordinates the operations
Machine cycle
the series of operations involved in the execution of a single machine-level instruction
USB stands for
universal serial bus
Terabyte
1 trillion bytes
Volatile
A characteristic of memory or storage in which data is not retained when the power of the computer turned off
Byte
A group of 8 bits
CPU stands for
computer processing unit
Multi core CPU's allow ________ in which the CPU is able to work on multiple jobs at a time
multiprocessing
Bandwidth
the amount of data that can be theoretically transferred through a communication
Motherboard
the main circuit board of a computer, located inside the system unit, to which all computer system components connect
Binary numbering system
the numbering system that represents all the numbers using just two symbols (0-1)
Bus interface Unit
the part of the CPU core that allows it to communicate with other CPU components
System clock
the timing mechanism within the computer system that synchronizes the computers operations
Megabytes
1 million bytes
Quad-core CPU
A CPU that contains four separate processing cores
Dual-core CPU
A CPU that contains two separate processing cores
The part of the CPU that performs logical operations and integer arithmetic is the
Arithmetic logic unit
ASCII
a fixed length, binary coding system to represent text-based data
PCL express bus
one of the buses most commonly used to connect peripheral devices
Nanotechnology
the science of creating tiny computers and components by working at the individual atomic and molecular levels
a CPU with four separate processing cores is referred to as a _______ CPU
quad-core
L1 is a type of
Cache memory
True or false cache memory is typically built into a CPU
True
Throughput
the amount of data that is actually transferred through a communication
Kilobyte
1 thousand bytes
Exabyte
1000 petabyte
Petabyte
1000 terabytes
Yottabyte
1000 zettabyte
Nonvolatile
A characteristic of memory or storage in which data is retained when the power of the computer turned off
The smallest piece of data (a 0 or 1) that can be represented by a computer is called
Bit
True or false computers that process data with light are referred to as quantum computers
False
True or false the amount of data that can be transferred over a bus in a given time period determines the bus's volatility
False
Register
High-speed memory built into the CPU that temporarily stores data during processing
ROM, read only memory
Nonvolatile chips located on the motherboard into which data or programs have been permanently stored
Flash memory
Nonvolatile memory chips that can be used for storager
Multi-core CPU
a CPU that contains the processing components or core of more than one processor in a single CPU
Machine Language
a binary-based language for representing computer programs that the computer can execute directly
RAM
chips connected to the motherboard that provide temporary location for the computer to hold data and program instructions while they are needed
Universal serial bus
A universal bus used to connect devices to a computer without requiring extra expansion
Expansion slot
a location on the motherboard into which expansion cards are inserted
KB
kilobyte
GPU stands for
Graphics processor unit
Gigabyte
1 billion bytes
is a computer connector on the exterior of a computer into which a peripheral device may be plugged in
port
Tera scale computing
the ability of a computer to process data at teraflop speeds
Frontside bus
the bus that connects the CPU to the chipset that connects to the rest of the bus architecture
CPU
the chip located on the motherboard of a computer that preforms most of the processing for a computer
Graphics processing unit
the chip that does the processing needed to display images on the screen
Memory bus
the connection between CPU and RAM
System unit
the main box of a computer that houses the cpu, motherboard, memory, and other devices
Arithmetic/logic unit
the part of a CPU core that performs logical operations
Decode unit
the part of the CPU core that translates instructions into a form that can be processed by the ALU and FPU
Bit
the smallest unit of data a computer can recognize; represented by a 0 or a 1
Zettabyte
1000 exabyte
Microprocessor
a central process unit for a personal computer
Processor
a chip that performs processing functions
Expansion card
a circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot location on a computer's motherboard
Port
a connector on the exterior of a computer to which a device may be attached
Cache memory
a group of fast memory circuitry located on or near the CPU to help speed up processing
Parallel processing
a processing technique that uses multiple processors or multiple processing cores simultaneously
Unicode
an international coding system that can be used to represent text-based data in any written language
Memory
chip based storage
Put the bytes in order from smallest to greatest, megabyte, terabyte, exabyte, yottabyte, kilobyte, gigabyte, petabyte, zettabyte
kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte, exabyte, zettabyte, yottabyte
