Computer syllabus
What are the different components of a computer network?
(i) Sender (ii) Communication Equipment (iii) Communication Channel (iv) Receiver equipment (v) Receiver computer
What are the types of operating system? Give examples.
(i) Single User operating system: When referring to a computer operating system is a computer with an operating system that supports single user at once and/or different times. Most common single user. E.g. Microsoft DOS, Windows 3.1 ,Windows 95 (ii) Multi-User Operating system: A multi-user operating system allows for multiple users to use the same computer at the same time and/ or different times. Below are some examples of multi-user operating system: Linux, Unix, Windows 7,8,10,Windows NT,XP. (iii) Multiprocessing Operating System: An operating system capable of supporting as multiprocessing Operating system. E.g. Unix, Windows NT, XP, Vista, windows 8. (iv) Multitasking operating system: An operating system that is capable of allowing multiple software processes to run at the same time is called multitasking operating system. E.g. Unix, Windows NT, XP, Vista, etc. (v) Multithreading operating system: Operating system that allow different parts of a software program to run simultaneously, is known as multithreading operating system. E.g. Linux, Unix, Windows XP, Vista.
Convert 101010 to decimal
42
WAN
A communication network which is used by large organizations over regional national or global area is called
What is number system?
A number system is a way to represent numbers using some unique symbols.
What is operating system?
A operating system is a program that acts as an interface between a user and hardware.
What are the advantages of internet?
Advantages are: The use of electronic mail over the internet has equally speeded communication between companies among coworkers and between other individuals. Individuals use the internet for communication, entertainment, finding information and to buy and sell goods and services.
What is operating system? How it is useful as interpreter?
An operating system is a program which acts as an interface between a user and the hardware. It is useful as interpreter because it is a part of a computer operating system that understands.
Write difference between cui and gui.
CUI (i) Character User Interface (ii) User interacts with the applications by making use of commands (ii) Only one task can run at a time. (iv) Everything is done by using commands. (v) E.g. DOS,UNIX GUI (i) Graphical User Interface (ii) User interacts with application by making use of graphics. (iii) More than one task can run simultaneously. (iv) User interacts by pointing the application using devices like mouse. (v) E.g. Windows, linux
Full form of CUI GUI
CUI: Character User Interface GUI: Graphical user interface
What do you understand by communication channel?
Communication channel is the medium, which carries the message/ information/ sound etc. sent by the sender and takes it to receiver's end.
What is a base? Give some examples
Count of unique symbols used to represent numbers, is called Base or Radix of the number system. E.g., 10,2,8 and 16.
Transmission of computerized data from one location to another is called:
Data communication
An algorithm is a logical discrete steps that describe a complete solution to a given problem in a finite amount of time. A flowchart is a pictorial representation of step by step solution of a problem with the help of some closed shapes. The logical flow of solution is shown through interconnecting arrows.
Define algorithm, flowchart.
LAN: Small computer confined to a small area of upto 1km is called LAN. MAN: A computer network spread over larger area is called the metropolitan area network. CAN: A network larger then LAN but smaller than MAN is called Campus Area Network. (CAN) WAN: A WAN ( wide area network ) is a network spread over very wide area such as countries, continents, etc.
Discuss the following types of networks in brief:
Algorithm consists of five major steps: Step 1: Obtain aids to better solution. So always go for clear descriptions. Also, be clear about the assumptions made, if any. Step 2: Analyze the problem Analyze the problem to figure out what is to be calculated or produced from a given set of input condition/ values. Analyze if any data id dependent upon other data. Step 3: Develop a high- level algorithm. Firstly, come up with and develop a high-level algorithm that includes the major part of a solution, i.e., major steps of the solution. Step 4: Refine the algorithm by adding more detail. Now refine algorithm and include minor steps. Also, ensure that right data gets used e.g, ensure that if maximum marks are 100 then no marks entered are more than 100. Step 5: Review and test the algorithm Finally review the algorithm's steps carefully and test it with a sample set of values whether it is producing the correct or not.
Discuss the steps required to develop an algorithm
GUI
GUI ( Graphical User Interface) is an interface, which emphasizes more on graphic entities, which represents system resources and actions through graphics and interacts with user through these graphic entities.
Algorithm
I present step by step solution of a problem in english like language but i also use symbols to present conditions etc.
Write difference between internet and intranet.
Internet: It is a network available for everyone. Unlimited user can use this web of network. It contains a lot of information. It is not that secure. Intranet: It is used by some specific groups and users. Limited user can use this network. It contains only a few specific information. It is more secure than internet
GUI
It is a user interface that includes graphical elements, such as windows, icons and buttons.
CUI
It is an inter face that uses command entities and represent system resources and action in commands and interacts with the users using these command.
When a group of computers is connected together in a small area with the help of some cables, it is called
Local Area Network ( LAN)
Name the different types of networks.
Local area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Campus Area Network (CAN) Personal Area Network ( PAN) Metropolitan Area Network ( MAN)
Examples of Operating Systems
MAC OSX Windows 10 Linux Unix IOS Android
Match the following:
Match the following: (i) Decimal: 2 (ii) Binary: 10 (iii)Octal: 16 (iv) hexadecimal: 8
Search engines, pattern recognition, weather forecast
Mention at least three real life usage of algorithms
Algorithms are used in all types of programming. There are standard, efficient algorithms for a variety of tasks. Some of the examples include: Search engines: Algorithms are used for efficient searching over the internet. Weather forecasting: There are specifically designed algorithms that are designed to read the weather pattern, and pictures of the satellite. Sorting: Algorithms can sort a small amount of data into huge enormous amount of data. Pattern recognition: In fields like finger-print matching or face recognition etc. algorithms play a very important role
Mention the use of algorithm.
What is modem? How does it work?
Modem is a device attached to computers that can connect digital signals to analog signals and vice versa. It is a device that enables computers, facsimile machines and other equipment to communicate with each other.
In a network which is not directly connected, there are five components VIZ, sender, Sender-equipment, communication channel, receiver- equipment and the receivers.
Name components of directly connect power network computer network via connect via telephones.
Fast and correctness
Name two characteristics of a good algorithm.
Flowchart
Recognize me. I use specifically designed box type symbol and arrows etc to depict solution of a problem. Who am I?
Write an algorithm to subtract two numbers.
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read A and B Step 3: c=A-B Step 4: Display C Step 5: Stop
Write an algorithm to find the area of a rectangle.
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read L and B Step 3: A= L* B Step 4: Display: A Step 5: Stop
Write an algorithm to find the area of a circle.
Step 1: Start Step 2: Read r Step 3: pi=3.14 Step 4: A=p*r*r step 5: Display A step 6: Stop
write an algorithm to add two numbers.
Step 1: start Step 2: Read A and B Step 3: C= A+B Step 4: Display C Step 5: Stop
What is the base of the numbering system?
The base of number system refers to the count of unique symbols used by a number system to represent values. e.g., decimal number system uses 10 unique symbol (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) to represent values. Hence, its base is 10.
Describe the characteristics of a good algorithm.
The characteristics of a good algorithm have two factors: i) Correctness of an algorithm, i.e. whether the algorithm is yielding correct results/outputs with the given set of inputs. ii) Efficiency of an algorithm i.e. how fast its is, how much time it takes to give the final results, how simple or complex is the step it uses to solve the problem and how much resource it uses.
How does the efficiency of a program depend upon the algoritm?
The development of an algorithm is the key step in solving a development. Once an algorithm is created it can be translated into a computer program in a programming language.
Explain long distance wireless media:
The long distance wireless media can support communication over a longer distance upto thousands of kilometers. The types of long distance wireless media: (a) Microwave: Microwave signals are used to transmit data without the use of cables, similar to that of ratio and television signals, but at different frequency range. b) Radio wave: The transmission making use of radio station consists of a satellite dish that functions as an antenna and communication equipment to transmit and receive data from satellites.
What is the need for networking?
The need for networking is: It breaks the barriers of distance, cost and time. It is very cost effective as compared to telephone network. All types of data viz, text, audio, video, pictures, graphic etc. can be transmitted through it.
What is the purpose of operating system?
The purpose of an operating system is to provide a platform on which a user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner.
Explain short distance wireless media?
The short distance wireless media can support transmission within a range covering a few metres up to a few miles? kilometres. (a) Infrared (b) Laser (c) Bluetooth (d) Wi-Fi
Transmission of computerized data from one location to another is called data communication.
What do you understand by data communication?
This number had 16 different symbols used to represent numbers they are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,a,b,c,d,e,f
What is Hexadecimal number system?
It is a base-2 two number system. It uses two unique symbols 0 and 2 to represent numbers.
What is binary number system?
The decimal number system uses 10 unique symbols to represent numbers. E.G. 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
What is decimal number system?
Creation of networks is known as networking.
What is networking?
It is a basse-8 number system that uses unique symbols like 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 to represent numbers.
What is octal number system?
Modem
Which of the following is not a transmission medium
Name some operating system that are multi-user, multi-tasking and multithreading operating system.
Windows 7,8,10 and Linux, Unix
Explain wired networking technology
Wired networking technology refers to the wired transmission on media. It is also known as Guided Transmission. There are three types: (1) Coaxial fiber: This type of cable consists of a solid inner core surrounded by one or more foil or wire shields each separated by some kind of plastic insulator. (2) Twisted pair: The most common form of wring in data communication application is the twisted pair cable. (3) Optical fibre: The typical optical fibre consists of a very narrow strand of glass called core.
Local Area Network (LAN)
a computer network that covers a small area within a building or site
Functions of operating system in depth.
a) Program Execution: The operating system is responsible for executing or running various programs whether user programs or system programs i.e., special programs required for the machine functioning. (b) Handling output/input operation: The operating system is responsible for handling various types of inputs (e.g., input from keyboard, input from mouse etc.) and various types of output in the appropriate manner. c) Manipulation of file system: This task involves the making of decision regarding the storage of flies i.e., where and how a particular file is to be stored. d) Error detection and handling: The operating system is also responsible for detecting any type of error that occurs and then handling it properly. e) Resource allocation: This task aims at proper us of resources available. For e.g., if multiple flies are to be printed then how and which order this task will take place? will be decided by operating system. f) Accounting: The operating system keeps an account of what type of functioning is taking place and what type of errors have occurred. g) Information and resource protection: The operating system is responsible for ensuring that the information and resources available on machine are used in the correct way. The operating system foils the attempts to use them incorrectly.
Name some common number system.
a. Decimal number system b. Binary number system c. Octal number system d. Hexadecimal number system
Both algorithm and flowchart are helpful in solving a problem they give step by step in solving infinite number of steps.
how are flowcharts and algorithms related to one another?
Name operating system software
multitasking: Unix, Linux multiuser: Unix, windows 7,8,10, Linux
A wide area network is a
network across a city, country or even the world
Networks are useful because
you only need one printer per network