Consumer Behavior quiz 12

________ measures how optimistic or pessimistic people are about the future health of the economy and how they will fare in the future. a. Consumer confidence b. Income inequality c. Credit score d. Saving rate

a. Consumer confidence

A person who receives rewards and status because of his hard work is said to have achieved ________ status. a. achieved b. hierarchical c. longitudinal d. nouveau riche

a. achieved

Anna is a millionaire but she is constantly stressed and unhappy despite her wealth, Anna is experiencing ________. a. affluenza b. cosmopolitanism c. burnout d. class warfare

a. affluenza

China's economic boom has created 130 million people in what social class? a. lower-middle class b. upper-upper class c. upper-lower class d. lower-upper class

a. lower-middle class

________ describes consumers in terms of their aesthetic and intellectual preferences. a. A restricted code b. A taste culture c. An elaborated code d. Social culture

b. A taste culture

________ are consumers who refuse to sacrifice style, but they achieve it on a budget. a. Nouveau rich b. Frugalistas c. Cosmopolitanism d. Fashionistas

b. Frugalistas

________ refers to the passage of individuals from one social class to another. a. Social affinity b. Social mobility c. Social prestige d. Social class

b. Social mobility

A member of ________ has recently gained personal wealth and may experience status anxiety. Such individuals may try to display symbols of their success to make up for an internal lack of assurance about the "correct" way to behave. a. an old money family b. the nouveau riche c. the taste culture d. the mass class

b. the nouveau riche

Fred has been a farmer all his life. He inherited the family farm when he was 35, but that was twenty years ago. Due to the economy, Fred has lost the farm and has taken a manual labor job in the city to support his family. What form of mobility best describes Fred's position? a. horizontal mobility b. upward mobility c. downward mobility d. two-way stretch mobility

c. downward mobility

All of the following are important components of social class EXCEPT for ________. a. occupational prestige b. income c. gender d. educational attainment

c. gender

A ________ is an economy that is driven by a fairly small group of rich people. a. monarchy b. democracy c. plutonomy d. homogany

c. plutonomy

Consumers who buy everything in sight are called ________. a. balancers b. tightwads c. spendthrifts d. justifiers

c. spendthrifts

________ is a system in which we define people by what they do for a living. a. Status hierarchy b. Social prestige c. Social class d. Occupational prestige

d. Occupational prestige

Evan was an aggressive, rich, and determined businessman originally from a working class family. He had become wealthier than he had ever imagined by buying and selling other businesses. Evan seemingly could do anything until he tried a hostile takeover of an established bank owned by several prestigious families. When his bid failed, Evan said "I always knew there was an elite, but up to now I thought I was part of it." What type of capital was Evan lacking? a. psychological b. economic c. sociological d. cultural

d. cultural

Consumers who refuse to sacrifice style, but achieve it on a budget are called ________. a. social consumers b. the nouveau rich c. the mass class d. frugalistas

d. frugalistas

According to Pierre Bourdieu, people's taste regarding entertainment and the arts serves as a status-making force or ________ that causes consumption preferences to cluster together. a. chav b. hierarchy c. code d. habitus

d. habitus

A tendency for people to marry in a social class similar to their own is called ________. a. social dating b. affluenza c. social stratification d. homogamy

d. homogamy

Amos always felt that it was unfair that society created artificial divisions that discouraged him from having friends from different social structures. Which of the following terms describes the process that Amos is having difficulty with? a. bias b. reference group affiliation c. social anxiety d. social stratification

d. social stratification

A middle class person with an income at least 15 percent lower than the median middle class income, would be considered a(n) ________ consumer. a. conspicuous b. invidious c. restricted d. underprivileged

d. underprivileged

Blue-collar workers with relatively high-prestige jobs consider themselves as ________. a. upper lower class b. upper middle class c. lower lower class d. working class

d. working class