Ed Psy. Chapter 10 & 11

Which one of the following quotes is an example of high self-efficacy?

"I am usually good at math, so I will do well in this class."

Bandura challenged and expanded his early work on behavioral conceptions of learning by focusing on

social learning theory

In Roger Azevedo's research a self-regulation "coach" is

someone who helps students plan their learning and monitor their understanding.

As need for achievement increases in spite of fear of failure, what type of student will be motivated to learn?

Mastery-oriented

An entity view of ability is consistent with what type of goals?

Performance

According to Bandura, expectations are part of which one of the elements that comprise reciprocal causality?

Personal factors

The following statement is true about the relation between self-efficacy and self-esteem.

There appears to be direct relationship between self-efficacy and self-esteem.

A current reflection of the humanistic perspective is the "self-esteem movement."

True

A key strategy for emphasizing learning rather than grades is to engage students in self-evaluation.

True

A student who has good follow-through for completing a task is said to have volition.

True

A student who takes a break and asks herself "what I am doing is not working, maybe I should start over" is demonstrating self-regulated learning.

True

According to the expectancy x value theory, motivation increases as expectancy of success and the value of rewards increase.

True

After studying nearly 140 research investigations, Sandra Graham concluded that African American students had relatively strong self-concepts and high expectations for learning.

True

Attribution theories of motivation describe how an individual's explanations, justifications, and excuses influence motivation.

True

In general, performance is low when the level of anxiety is high.

True

Learned helplessness occurs when causes of failure are considered internal, stable, and uncontrollable.

True

Maslow's approach to motivation is a humanistic view.

True

Research exists to support the claim that students' emotions are related to their learning goal orientation.

True

Self-efficacy is an important influence on observational learning.

True

Students who hold a performance-approach goal orientation want to look good in the eyes of others.

True

Teachers are encouraged to recognize students for their accomplishments, especially improving their own personal best.

True

The interaction of environmental events, personal factors, and behaviors is called reciprocal causality.

True

When a teacher gives a "pep talk" to a student and says "you can do it," the teacher may be able to influence a student's self-efficacy for a task.

True

When individuals are naturally interested in a particular activity, they are intrinsically motivated.

True

Work-avoidant learners feel successful when they do not have to try very hard, when the work is easy for them, or when they can simply "goof off."

True

A student's reason for acting is called

locus of causality

According to Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, the most important and influential source of self-efficacy information comes from

mastery experiences

Externally imposed reward systems seem particularly appropriate for students who are

not interested in the subject.

Research on self-efficacy and achievement suggests that school achievement is improved and self-efficacy is increased when students

receive rewards or other reinforcements based on the quality of their performances.

In Bandura's social cognitive learning theory, the interaction among personal factors, environmental events, and behaviors is called

reciprocal causality.

What are the steps involved in self-regulated learning?

Analyzing the task, setting goals, devising plans, enacting strategies

Woolfolk suggests the following strategy for teachers in an effort to involve parents in supporting self-regulation within their child:

Ask families to keep records in support of the students' self-evaluation of progress

In Maslow's hierarchy, self-esteem is considered to be what type of need?

Deficiency

What type of belief do failure-accepting students have?

Expectation of failure

A student who begins solving a problem by analyzing the task and setting a specific goal is engaging in the performance phase in Zimmerman's model of self-regulated learning.

False

Bandura's model of reciprocal determinism is based on the notion of agency and personal control, therefore social influences are not part of his model of reciprocal determinism.

False

Individuals with a strong sense of self-efficacy for a given task tend to attribute their failures to lack of ability.

False

Nearly all researchers agree that teachers should make learning fun for students in order to promote good learning.

False

Researchers suggest using work sheets and standard assignments for writing tasks with ethnicthnic minority students rather than giving students writing tasks with cultural contexts.

False

Rubrics are appropriate for when teachers evaluate student work, but should not be used with students for self-evaluation purposes.

False

Self-efficacy refers to individuals' skill at managing their own study behaviors.

False

Students who have performance goals are interested in improving their skills, no matter how awkward they may appear in the process.

False

Volition is another term using for task commitment.

False

Students who are mastery-oriented will tend to hold what view of their ability?

Incremental and improvable

Being interested in a task because the activity is enjoyable is what type of motivation?

Intrinsic

Which one of the following theories places the greatest emphasis on presenting models so that students can learn from observing others complete a task?

Social cognitive theory

Participation in communities of practice is emphasized by what theory of motivation?

Sociocultural

Which one of the following is NOT an essential component of emotional self-regulation?

Solving problems independently rather than asking for help when needed.

The following sentence is true about the relationship between motivation and cultural diversity.

Some cultures raise children to be more motivated than others.

Pride or shame for one's own actions is likely to be felt most strongly by those who attribute their actions to

internal causes

In most humanistic theories, motivation is based on

intrinsic needs

According to Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, peers

can serve as important models and facilitate student learning.

Individuals are naturally motivated to learn by

feedback and goal acceptance

Students who demonstrate "learned helplessness" are likely to

focus on their failures and not seek assistance.

In addition to academic learning skills, self-regulated learners have

good self-control abilities

Bandura suggested that the main limitation of traditional views of learning is that these views are

incomplete

The cognitive approach to motivation is illustrated best by people who respond to

their perceptions of events, not the events themselves.