EMT CHAPTER 2

What is true about the HEP B vaccine?

OSHA requires that your employer offer you the vaccine free of charge.

According to OSHA regulations an employer must?

Offer a workplace environment that reduces the risk of exposure.

Prescription glasses do not provide adequate eye protection because they?

Offer little or no side protection

The EMTs first priority is ?

Personal safety

Physiologic manifestations of stress include?

Perspiration increased blood glucose levels dilated pupils

The hep B vaccine program, a component of the infection control plan, addresses all of the following issues?

Post-Vaccine antibody titers Vaccine safety and efficacy Record keeping and tracking

What is true about HIV?

There is no vaccine against HIV infection

The simplest yet most effective method of preventing the spread of an infectious disease is to?

Wash hands between pt contacts

If you use a water-less hand-washing substitute in the field, it is important to...?

Wash your hands with soap and water at the hospital.

Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and a face shield should be used?

When performing endotracheal intubation

Most consistent with the bargaining phase of the grieving process?

"I will be compliant with all of my medications if I can just see my grandson graduate."

What is not appropriate to say to the family of a dying patient?

"Things will get better in time."

Common questions asked by pt's with a serious illness or injury include all of the following, except?

"Which hospital am I going to?"

If you find that you are the target of pt's anger, make sure that you?

-Are safe - Do not take the anger or insults personally -Are tolerant and do not become defensive.

Common factors that influence how a pt reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include?

-History of chronic disease -mental disorders -fear of medical personnel

Components of the CISM system include?

-Preincident stress education -Defusings -Spouse and family support

Critical incident stress management (CISM) can occur at an ongoing scene in all of the following circumstances

-When personnel are assessed during periods of rest. -Before leaving the scene after incident is resolved -Before personnel are preparing to reenter the scene

A critical incident stress debriefing should be conducted no more that how many hours following the incident?

72

Common factors that influence how a pt reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include?

A history of chronic disease - Fear of medical personnel -Mental disorders

Quid Pro Quo

A type of sexual harassment when the harasser requests sexual favors in exchange for something else.

The final stage of deal and dying most commonly take the form of?

Acceptance

When caring for the parents of a child who has died from leukemia, the EMT should?

Acknowledge the death of their child in private.

The BEST way to reduce your risk of contracting a work-related disease following exposure is to?

Activate your dpt's infection control plan as soon as possible

A 15- year old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bike. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back on the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the child's parents arrive they demand to see him. You should?

Advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first.

General adaptation syndrome is characterized by which of the following phases?

Alarm response, reaction and resistance, and recovery

When decontaminating the back of your ambulance after a call, you should ?

Allow surfaces to air dry unless otherwise indicated in the product directions.

You and your partner respond to the residence of a 66-year old male with shortness of breath. As you assessing the pt, his wife tells you that he was recently diagnosed with lung cancer. The pt is verbally abusive and tells you that failure of the health care systems caused his disease. Which stage of the grieving process is this pt's behavior consistent with?

Anger

What is a response to the anticipation of danger?

Anxiety

Sexual harassment is defined as?

Any unwelcome sexual advance, unwelcome requests for sexual favors, unwelcome verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature.

You are transporting a 40 y.o male with respiratory distress. The pt tells you that he recently had a positive TB skin test and is currently being evauluated for possible TB. You should?

Apply a nonrebreathing mask on the pt and a high-effiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator on yourself.

When a pt is dying, he or say may experience regression. This is most accurately defined as?

Behavior consistent with an earlier developmental stage.

Carbon monoxide blocks the ability of the blood to oxygenate the body because it?

Binds with the hemoglobin in red blood cells.

The spread of HIV and hepatitis in the healthcare setting can usually be traced to?

Careless handling of sharps.

IF it is not possible to clean your ambulance at the hospital following a call, you should?

Clean the ambulance at your station in a designated area that is well ventilated.

Which type of stress reaction occurs when an EMT is exposed to many insignificant stressors over a period of several months or years?

Cumulative stress reaction

Determination of exposure is an important component of an infection control plan because it?

Define who is at risk for contact with blood and body fluids and which tasks pose a risk of exposure.

It is especially important for EMS personnel to develop non-adversarial relationships with their coworkers because they?

Depend on one another for their safety.

The compliance-monitoring component of an infection control plan should?

Ensure that employees understand what they should do and why it is important.

What should you do before attempting to access a pt trapped in a vehicle?

Ensure the vehicle is stable.

Most important consideration at the scene of a hazardous materials incident is?

Ensuring your personal safety.

You are assessing a middle aged man with chest pain that you suspect is caused by a cardiac problem. The pt tells you that he does not want to go to the hospital and insists you should leave him alone. You should?

Explain the seriousness of the situation to him, but avoid cause undue alarm.

While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned after, a virus was transmitted to another EMT several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe?

INDIRECT contact

Which of the following is MOST significant factor in determining whether a person will become ill from certain germs?

Immunity

Which of the following signs would indicate that your partner is experiencing significant stress?

Isolation from the rest of the crew.

You are caring for a 40 y.o female who was involved in a motor vehicle crash. Her husband who was driving the vehicle was killed. When the pt asks yo if her husband is alright, you?

Let clergy or hospital staff relay the bad news if possible.

You are dispatched to the scene of a crash involving a large tanker truck. While you are en route, dispatch advises you that there are multiple pts and the FD is en route as well. As you approach the scene, you should?

Maintain a safe distance and try to read the placard with binoculars.

As an EMT it is important to remember that the signs and symptoms of cumulative stress:

May NOT be obvious or present all the time.

Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash. you note that two smalls cars collided head-on, the occupants are still in their vehicles. The fire department is in the process of stabilizing the vehicles and law enforcement personnel are directing traffic. After parking the ambulance at a safe distance, you and your partner should?

Put on high viability vests. (pg. 58)

After assessing a pt's blood glucose level, you accidentally stick yourself with contaminated lancet. You should?

Report the incident to your supervisor after the call.

Pt's who become dependent upon EMS personnel or other healthcare providers often feel?

Shamed

When acknowledging the death of a child, reactions may vary but what are the most common?

Shock, disbelief, and denial.

The MOST serious consequence of drug or alcohol abuse among EMS personnel is?

Substandard or inappropriate patient care

Which of the following infectious disease confers no protection from reinfection after exposure?

Syphilis

Positive TB skin test indicates that?

You have been exposed to TB

Vaccination against the hepatitis A virus is unnecessary if?

You have been infected with hepatitis in the past.

When trying to make a family member feel better after a loved one has died, your partner states, "I know how you are feeling." The family members may view this as?

Your partner's attempt to diminish their grief.

Quickest source of energy

glucose

According the CDC recommended immunizations and tests include a?

tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis booster every 10 years.