EMT Mastery A

You are evaluating a 39-year-old female patient who is not speaking normally. During the stroke assessment, the patient responds to the phrase you ask her to repeat by saying "blue, dogs are freckles". Which area of the brain is most likely responsible for this symptom. Select one: A. Left hemisphere B. Brain stem C. Cerebellum D. Right hemisphere

A. Left hemisphere

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is typically unique to infants and children? Select one: A. Seesaw respirations B . Irregular breathing pattern C. Unequal chest expansion D. Unequal breath sounds

A. Seesaw respirations

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock , it is important to remember that: Select one: A. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system might make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion. B. it is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults. C. in older adult, it is especially common to observe a significant decrease in heart rate in response to shock D. the patient's cardiac output is able to increase by nearly 200% in response to the decrease in perfusion.

A. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system might make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago . During your assessment interview, you should: Select one: A. determine the date of her last menstrual period in private, if possible. B. avoid asking questions that she will feel uncomfortable answering. C. recall that patients in this age group prefer not to be treated as adults. D. obtain the majority of your information from one of her parents.

A. determine the date of her last menstrual period in private , if possible.

Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are characteristic of: Select one: A. stridor. B. rales. C. wheezing. D. rhonchi.

A. stridor.

Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus ? Select one : A. 12 - year - old child with a fractured arm B. 68 - year - old woman with type 2 diabetes C. 50 - year - old woman with moderate obesity D. 39 - year - old man with mild hypertension

B. 68 - year - old woman with type 2 diabetes

Which of the following is an example of a rules - based medication error? Select one: A. The EMT accidentally gives a higher drug dose than what is indicated. B. The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director C. The EMT administers the correct drug, but gives it by the wrong route D. The EMT administers a drug that is contraindicated for the patient

B. The EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director

EMTs are dispatched to a call for a patient in shock. Which of the following statements are correct? Select one or more: A. The body will attempt to compensate by directing blood flow towards organs that can tolerate shock. B. The body will attempt to compensate by directing blood away from the skin and intestines. C. All of the body's organs tolerate a shock state in the same manner, leading to hypoperfusion. D. Hypoperfusion is a state of reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body's organs.

B. The body will attempt to compensate by directing blood away from the skin and intestines & D. Hypoperfusion is a state of reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body's organs.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 67-year-old female who was awakened by shortness of breath and sharp chest pain Her husband tells you that she was recently discharged from the hospital after having hip surgery. Your assessment reveals dried blood around her mouth, facial cyanosis, and an oxygen saturation of 88%. You should suspect: Select one: A . right-sided heart failure. B. acute pulmonary embolism. C. acute pulmonary edema. D. spontaneous pneumothorax.

B. acute pulmonary embolism.

Which of the following is an example of closed - loop communication? Select one: A. The EMT corrects the team leader, who states that chest compressions should be greater than 3 inches deep B. The EMT requests permission from medical control to assist a patient with his prescribed nitroglycerin. C. The team leader assigns the EMT a task, and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader. D. EMTS decide not to attempt resuscitation because the patient has rigor mortis and is cold to the touch.

C. The team leader assigns the EMT a task , and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader.

When is forcible restraint permitted? Select one: A. Anytime that the EMT feels threatened B. Only if consent to restrain is given by a family member C. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others D. Only if law enforcement personnel have witnessed threatening behavior

C. When the patient poses a significant threat to self or others

You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a young male with abdominal pain . Your priority upon arriving at the scene should be to: Select one: A. place a paramedic ambulance on standby. B. quickly gain access to the patient. C. assess the scene for potential hazards. D. notify the dispatcher of your arrival.

C. assess the scene for potential hazards.

You are treating a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. He has a history of three previous heart attacks and takes nitroglycerin as needed for chest pain. You have standing orders to administer aspirin to patients with suspected cardiac-related chest pain or discomfort. While your partner is preparing to give oxygen to the patient, you should: Select one: A. assist the patient in taking one of his prescribed nitroglycerins, assess his vital signs, and give him aspirin if he is still experiencing chest discomfort. B. ensure that the patient's systolic blood pressure is at least 100 mm Hg because aspirin dilates the blood vessels and can cause a drop in blood pressure. C. confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given. D. contact medical control, apprise him or her of the patient's chief complaint and vital signs, and request permission to give him aspirin.

C. confirm that the patient is not allergic to aspirin, give him the appropriate dose of aspirin, and document the time and dose given.

You are transporting a 54-year-old male in respiratory arrest. An EMR is driving the ambulance as you and your partner are caring for the patient. What is the most logical way of notifying the hospital? Select one: A. Wait until you arrive at the hospital and then quickly apprise the staff of the situation. B. Request that a police officer respond to the hospital to apprise the staff of your arrival. C. Call the receiving hospital with your cell phone while providing patient care. D. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital.

D. Have the driver contact dispatch and relay the patient information to the hospital.

What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? Select one: A. The veins dilate to increase systemic perfusion. B. Widespread vasodilation causes blood pressure to decrease. C. Arterial blood is diverted to the skin and muscles. D. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure.

D. The arteries contract to increase the blood pressure.

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who , according to his wife , experienced a sudden , severe headache and then passed out He is unresponsive and has slow , irregular breathing His blood pressure is 190/94 mm Hg , and his pulse rate is 50 beats / min . His wife tells you that he has hypertension and diabetes . He has MOST likely experienced: Select one: A. a complex partial seizure B. acute hypoglycemia C. an occluded cerebral artery D. a ruptured cerebral artery

D. a ruptured cerebral artery

You are dispatched to a state park for a young female experiencing an allergic reaction. Your assessment reveals that her breathing is severely labored and her blood pressure is very low. You carry epinephrine auto-injectors on your ambulance and have been trained and approved by your medical director to administer them. As your partner gives the patient supplemental oxygen, you attempt to contact medical control but do not have a signal from your cell phone. You should: Select one: A. immediately load the patient into the ambulance, begin transport, and reattempt to contact medical control when you receive a cell signal. B. notify dispatch and request that a paramedic unit respond to the scene so they can administer epinephrine to the patient. C. place her in a supine position, keep her warm, begin transport to the hospital, and request a paramedic intercept en route. D. administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.

D. administer epinephrine to the patient, begin immediate transport, and attempt to contact medical control en route to the hospital.

The kidneys and pancreas are called retroperitoneal organs because they: Select one: A. are protected by the anterior rib cage. B. lie just anterior to the costovertebral angle. C. sit in front of the liver, spleen, and stomach D. are located behind the abdominal cavity

D. are located behind the abdominal cavity.

To select the proper size oropharyngeal airway , you should measure from the: Select one : A. angle of the jaw to the center of the mouth B. center of the mouth to the posterior ear C. corner of the mouth to the superior ear D. corner of the mouth to the earlobe

D. corner of the mouth to the earlobe

In the recovery position, the patient is: Select one: A. sitting upright. B. lying face up. C. lying face down. D. on his or her side.

D. on his or her side.