EMT TAKE HOME TEST #2

Which of the following scenarios MOST accurately depicts abandonment? a. a paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT b. an EMT gives a verbal report to an emergency room nurse c. an AEMT transfers patient care to a paramedic d. a physician assumes patient care from an EMT

a. a paramedic transfers patient care to an EMT

Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle b. a patient who needs immediate care that requires a supine position c. a patient whose condition requires immediate transport to the hospital d. a patient who blocks access to another seriously injured patient

a. a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle

Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock? a. bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation b. viral infection of the blood vessels, vascular damage, and vasoconstriction c. bacterial infection of the nervous system with widespread vasodilation d. widespread vasoconstriction and plasma loss due to a severe viral infection

a. bacterial damage to the vessel wall, leaking blood vessels, and vasodilation

You are treating a 45-year-old woman who was stung by a hornet and has a rash. She tells you that she is allergic to hornets and has her own epinephrine auto-injector. She also tells you that she takes medication for hypertension. Her breath sounds do not reveal any wheezing, her breathing is unlabored, and her blood pressure is 154/94 mm Hg. What should you do if you are not able to make contact with medical control? a. begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route b. begin immediate transport and request an intercept with a paramedic ambulance c. administer her epinephrine, reassess her condition, and transport her promptly d. give her half the dose of her epinephrine in case her allergic reaction is delayed

a. begin transport to the hospital and closely monitor her condition while en route

The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the: a. brain b. legs c. kidnesy d. abdomen

a. brain

Rapid deceleration of the head, such as when it impacts the windshield, causes: a. compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the brain b. stretching or tearing of the anterior aspect of the brain and compression injuries or bruising to the posterior aspect of the brain c. primary impact to the posterior aspect of the brain, resulting in compression injuries, bruising, or torn blood vessels d. compression injuries and contusions to the anterior, posterior, and lateral aspects of the brain

a. compression injuries or bruising to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching or tearing to the posterior portion of the brain

Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? a. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production b. increased physical activity, increased food intake, and increased insulin production c. decreased food intake, decreased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels d. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels

a. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epinephrine? a. decreases heart rate and blood pressure b. secreted naturally by the adrenal glands c. dilates passages in the lungs d. constricts the blood vessels

a. decreases heart rate and blood pressure

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do? a. deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR b. avoid defibrillation as this will damage the patient's AICD c. continue CPR and transport the patient to the closest appropriate hospital d. contact medical control and request permission to defibrillate

a. deliver the shock followed by immediate resumption of CPR

You suspect that a pregnant 16-year-old girl has a broken leg after she was hit by a car. You explain that you plan to splint her leg, and she agrees to treatment. Which type of consent is her agreement considered? a. expressed b. informed c. minor's d. implied

a. expressed

Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: a. gallbladder b. pancreas c. stomach d. kidneys

a. gallbladder

A 45-year-old male was working on his roof when he fell approximately 12 feet, landing on his feet. He is conscious and alert and complains of an ache in his lower back. He is breathing adequately and has stable vial signs. You should: a. immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam b. obtain a Glasgow Coma Score value and give him oxygen c. perform a rapid head-to-toe exam and immobilize his spine d. allow him to refuse transport if his vital signs remain stable

a. immobilize his spine and perform a focused secondary exam

Assessment of a patient's blood pressure with an automatic BP cuff reveals that it is 204/120 mm Hg. the patient is conscious and alert and denies any symptoms. The EMT should: a. obtain a manual blood pressure b. conclude that she has hypertension c. prepare for immediate transport d. reassess her blood pressure in 5 minutes

a. obtain a manual blood pressure

A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis is called a ________ fracture. a. pathologic b. comminuted c. greenstick d. transverse

a. pathologic

Shortly after assisting a 65-year-old female with her prescribed nitroglycerin, she begins complaining of dizziness and experiences a drop of 30 mm Hg in her systolic blood pressure. The patient remains conscious and her breathing is adequate. You should: a. place her in a supine position b. transport her in a sitting position c. assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask d. wait 5 minutes and reassess her blood pressure

a. place her in a supine position

By what mechanism is a person injured when he or she falls from a significant height? a. potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop b. kinetic energy is converted to potential energy; the potential energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop. c. potential energy is created as the person is falling; the potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy upon impact d. as the person falls, the amount of kinetic energy is converted into work; work is then converted to kinetic energy upon impact

a. potential energy is converted to kinetic energy; the kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop

Aspirin is beneficial to patients suspected of having a heart attack because it: a. prevents the aggregation of platelets b. dissolves the coronary artery clot c. reduces the associated chest pain d. causes direct coronary vasodilation

a. prevents the aggregation of platelets

You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a shooting. Law enforcement personnel are present and have the suspect in custody. You find the patient lying in a narrow space between the couch and coffee table of his small apartment. He is semiconscious and has a large gunshot wound to his chest. You should: a. quickly move the coffee table so you can access and treat the patient b. drag the patient into a larger area so that you can begin treatment c. obtain permission from law enforcement before moving anything d. treat the patient where he is so that you do not destroy any evidence

a. quickly move the coffee table so you can access and treat the patient

A 74-year-old woman complains of heaviness in her chest, nausea, and sweating that suddenly began about an hour ago. She is conscious and alert, but anxious. Her blood pressure is 144/84 mm Hg and her heart rate is 110 beats/min. She took two of her prescribed nitroglycerin (0.4-mg tablets) before your arrival but still feels heaviness in her chest. You should: a. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification of the dosing of certain drugs b. give her high-flow oxygen, avoid giving her any more nitroglycerin because it may cause a drop in her blood pressure, and transport. c. transport her at once and wait at least 20 minutes before you consider assisting her with a third dose of her prescribed nitroglycerin d. assist her in taking one more of her nitroglycerin tablets, reassess her blood pressure, and contact medical control for further instructions

a. recall that geriatric patients often have slower absorption and elimination times, which may necessitate modification of the dosing of certain drugs

An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or over flexed because: a. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible b. he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse c. the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position d. the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat

a. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible

The main advantage of the Venturi mask is: a. the use of its fine adjustment capabilities in the long-term management of physiologically stable patients b. that it does not contain an oxygen reservoir, so the same percentage of oxygen can consistently be administered c. the ability to adjust the percentage of inspired oxygen when caring for a critically ill or injured patient d. the ability to adjust the amount of oxygen administered to the patient by increasing the flow rate on the regulator

a. the use of its fine adjustment capabilities in the long-term management of physiologically stable patients

Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to _______ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS a. three b. four c. two d. five

a. three

The main objective of traffic control at the scene of a motor vehicle crash is to: a. warn oncoming traffic and prevent another crash b. prevent curious onlookers from observing the scene c. get oncoming traffic past the scene as soon as possible d. facilitate a route for the media to access the scene

a. warn oncoming traffic and prevent another crash

Portable and mounted suction units must be powerful enough to generate a vacuum of at least ____ mm Hg when the tubing is clamped a. 100 b. 300 c. 200 d. 400

b. 300

Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. cool and clammy skin b. absent peripheral pulses c. restlessness or anxiety d. rapid, shallow breathing

b. absent peripheral pulses

An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with: a. respiratory insufficiency b. adequate air exchange c. respiratory difficulty d. an obstructed airway

b. adequate air exchange

Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: a. pulmonary capillary constriction b. adequate amounts of surfactant c. surfactant-destroying organisms d. water or blood within the alveoli

b. adequate amounts of surfactant

Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to: a. perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment b. administer oxygen with the appropriate device c. assess her oxygen saturation and blood pressure d. retrieve the stretcher and prepare for transport

b. administer oxygen with the appropriate device

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: a. bronchi b. alveoli c. pleura d. capillaries

b. alveoli

An epidural hematoma is MOST accurately defined as: a. venous lacerations that occur within the brain b. bleeding between the skull and dura mater c. bleeding between the dura mater and brain d. an injury caused by a damaged cerebral artery

b. bleeding between the skull and the dura mater

Bone marrow produces: a. lymphocytes b. blood cells c. electrolytes d. cartilage

b. blood cells

You are dispatched to a residence for a 40-year-old female who fainted. Upon your arrival, the patient is conscious and alert, and states that she is fine. Her husband tells you that she fainted after receiving news that her sister was killed in a car crash. You offer oxygen to the patient, but she refuses to accept it. At this point, your primary concern should be to: a. obtain baseline vital signs and a medical history b. determine if she was injured when she fainted c. advise her that she needs to go to the hospital d. provide emotional support regarding her sister

b. determine if she was injured when she fainted

Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered? a. any elderly patient whose oxygen saturation is less than 95% b. exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95% c. any diabetic patient whose oxygen saturation is less than 98% d. signs of myocardial infarction and an oxygen saturation of 97%

b. exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 95%

When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious patient with nontraumatic abdominal pain and stable vial signs, you should: a. prepare the patient for transport first b. focus on his or her chief complaint c. only palpate tender areas of the abdomen d. examine the patient from head to toe

b. focus on his or her chief complaint

_________ pressure is the pressure exerted by a liquid that occurs when blood moves through an artery at relatively high pressures a. diffusion b. hydrostatic c. osmotic d. oncotic

b. hydrostatic

Aggressive ambulance driving may have a negative effect on other motorists because: a. they often freeze when they see the lights in the rear view mirror b. it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle c. they move to the right or drive as close to the curb as possible d. they may become enraged and attempt to run you off the road

b. it may not allow for their reaction time to respond to your vehicle

According to the terminal drop hypothesis: a .most late-stage adults retain high brain function until 1 month before death b. mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death c. most elderly patients experience depression after the death of a loved one d. a person's physical health begins to decline after the age of 75 years

b. mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death

As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: a. one-person bag-valve mask b. mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve c. mouth-to-mouth technique d. manually triggered ventilation device

b. mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve

In which of the following situations would the EMT be the LEAST likely to immobilize a patient's spine? a. pain to the c-spine, but no numbness or tingling b. no distracting injuries or evidence of intoxication c. unresponsive, but moving all extremities equally d. no spinal pain, but tingling in the extremities

b. no distracting injuries or evidence of intoxication

Prior to assisting a patient with his or her prescribed nitroglycerin, the EMT must: A. ensure the medication is in tablet form. B. obtain authorization from medical control. C. determine who prescribed the nitroglycerin. D. wait at least 5 minutes after assessing the blood pressure.

b. obtain authorization from medical control

In most instances, you should move a patient on a wheeled ambulance stretcher by: a. slightly lifting the stretcher to prevent unnecessary patient movement b. pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot c. retracting the undercarriage and carrying the stretcher to the ambulance d. pushing the foot of the stretcher while your partner guides the head

b. pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an air bag that did not deploy upon impact, you should: a. realize that the air bag malfunctioned at the time of impact b. remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you c. suspect that the patient may have experienced serious injuries d. recognize that the force of impact was most likely not severe

b. remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you

Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask to a patient, you must ensure that the: a. one-way valve is sealed b. reservoir bag is fully inflated c. flow rate is set at 6L/min d. patient has reduced tidal volume

b. reservoir bag is fully inflated

The descending aorta divides into the two ilia arteries ate the level of the: a. nipple line b. umbilicus c. pubic symphysis d. ilia crest

b. umbilicus

Sudden death following AMI is MOST often caused by: a. congestive heart failure b. ventricular fibrillation c. severe bradycardia d. cardiogenic shock

b. ventricular fibrillation

An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than: a. 200 psi b. 1,500 psi c. 500 psi d. 1,000 psi

c. 500 psi

Which of the following patients has decision-making capacity and can legally refuse emergency medical treatment? a. a confused young male who says he is the president b. a diabetic woman who has slurred speech and is not aware of the date c. a conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain d. a man who is staggering and states that he had three beers

c. a conscious and alert woman with severe abdominal pain

When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should: a. begin with a low oxygen flow rate, even if the patient is unresponsive, because high-flow oxygen may depress his or her breathing b. recall that most patients with chronic lung diseases are stimulated to breathe by increased carbon dioxide levels c. adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations d. avoid positive-pressure ventilation because the majority of patients with chronic lung disease are at increased risk for lung trauma

c. adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations

A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? a. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations b. provide continuous ventilations with a bag-valve mask to minimize hypoxia c. alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation d. suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretions are removed

c. alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilations

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to: a. kidney failure b. hypotension c. atherosclerosis d. medication use

c. atherosclerosis

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the: a. brachial arteries b. subclavian arteries c. carotid arteries d. iliac arteries

c. carotid arteries

The phenomenon of pressure waves emanating from the bullet, causing damage remote from its path, is known as: a. capitation b. congruent c. cavitation d. conversion

c. cavitation

While transporting a stable patient with chest pain to the hospital, you come across a major motor vehicle crash involving several critically injured patients. You should: a. remain at the scene until law enforcement and another ambulance arrive b. stop and triage the patients while your partner remains in the ambulance c. continue transporting your patient and notify the dispatcher of the crash d. ask a bystander to remain with your patient as you treat the crash victims

c. continue transporting your patient and notify the dispatcher of the crash

Inhalation occurs when the: a. diaphragm ascends and the intercostal muscles contract, causing a decrease in intrathoracic pressure b. diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure c. diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure d. diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure

c. diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure

A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by: a. scraping fatty deposits off of the lumen of the coronary artery b. placing a stent inside the coronary artery to keep it from narrowing c. dilating the affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon d. bypassing the coronary artery with a vessel from the chest or leg

c. dilating the affected coronary artery with a small inflatable balloon

A(n) ________ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone and may lead to bone growth abnormalities a. greenstick b. diaphyseal c. epiphyseal d. metaphyseal

c. epiphyseal

What medication form does oral glucose come in? a. liquid b. fine powder c. gel d. suspension

c. gel

If hydroplaning of the ambulance occurs, the driver should: a. slowly pump the brakes until he or she regains vehicle control b. slowly move the steering wheel back and forth c. gradually slow down without jamming on the brakes d. quickly jerk the steering wheel

c. gradually slow down without jamming on the brakes

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. severe headache b. bradycardia c. hypertension d. hypotension

c. hypertension

Which of the following medications would the EMT be LEAST likely to administer to a patient with a medical complaint? a. albuterol b. oral glucose c. ibuprofen d. aspirin

c. ibuprofen

Breathing occurs as the result of a(n): a. decrease in oxygen, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid b. increase in oxygen, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid c. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid d. decrease in carbon dioxide, which increases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

c. increase in carbon dioxide, which decreases the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

You are dispatched to an apartment complex where a 21-year-old female has apparently overdosed on several narcotic medications. She is semiconscious and has slow, shallow respirations. You should: a. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and transport at once b. place her in the recovery position and monitor for vomiting c. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation d. insert an oropharyngeal airway and perform oral suctioning

c. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation

Which of the following medication routes would be the MOST appropriate to use in an unresponsive patient when intravenous access cannot be obtained? a. transcutaneous b. subcutaneous c. intraosseous d. intramuscular

c. intraosseous

The secondary assessment of a medical patient: a. should routinely include a comprehensive examination from head to toe b. should be performed at the scene, especially if the patient is critically ill c. is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short d. is typically limited to a focused exam for patients who are unconscious

c. is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short

Care for a patient with a fractured tibia and suspected compartment syndrome includes: a. applying chemical hot packs to the leg b. immobilizing the leg with an air splint c. keeping the leg at the level of the heart d. applying traction to maintain distal pulses

c. keeping the leg at the level of the heart

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should: a. avoid further dosing if the patient complains of a severe headache b. place the patient in a recumbent position in case of fainting c. reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension d. perform a secondary assessment before administering further doses

c. reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension

A patient who does not respond to your questions, but moves or cries out when his or her trapezius muscle is pinched, is said to be: a. completely unresponsive b. responsive to verbal stimuli c. responsive to painful stimuli d. conscious and alert

c. responsive to painful stimuli

During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that: A. the AED has detected asystole. B. the AED detected patient motion. C. she is not in ventricular fibrillation. D. she has a pulse and does not need CPR.

c. she is not in ventricular fibrillation

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system: a. dilates the blood vessels in the muscles b. causes an increase in the heart rate c. slows the heart and respiratory rates d. prepares the body to handle stress

c. slows the heart and respiratory rates

How is nitroglycerin usually given by the EMT? a. orally b. inhaled c. sublingually d. injected

c. sublingually

If you do not have the appropriate-size cervical collar, you should: a. defer cervical immobilization and apply lateral head blocks b. place sandbags on either side of the patient's head c. use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head d. ask the patient to keep his or her head in a neutral position

c. use rolled towels to immobilize the patient's head

A disposable oxygen humidifier should be considered for ambulance services that often transport patients for _____ hour(s) or more a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 1

d. 1

During each heartbeat, _______ of blood is ejected from the adult heart. This is called stroke volume (SV) a. 40 to 50 mL b. 90 to 100 mL c. 100 to 120 mL d. 70 to 80 mL

d. 70 to 80 mL

A reflex arc occurs when: a. the motor nerves function automatically without receiving a message from the CNS. b. a sensory nerve sends a message to the brain but the motor nerve fails to send the appropriate response to the body. c. the brain interprets sensory information that it receives from peripheral and cranial nerves and sends a signal to the muscles. d. a sensory nerve detects an irritating stimulus and bypasses the brain by sending a direct message to the motor nerve.

d. a sensory nerve detects an irritating stimulus and bypasses the brain by sending a direct message to the motor nerve

Which of the following statements regarding anaphylaxis is correct? a. the signs of anaphylaxis are caused by widespread vasoconstriction b. patients with asthma are at lower risk of developing anaphylaxis c. most anaphylactic reactions occur within 60 minutes of exposure d. anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypotension

d. anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypotension

You respond to a residence for a patient with a severe leg injury following an accident with a chainsaw. When you arrive, you find the patient, a 44-year-old male, lying supine in the backyard. He has a partial amputation of his right lower leg that is actively bleeding. The patient is conscious and breathing adequately; however, he is restless and his skin is diaphoretic. You should: a. assess the rate and quality of his pulse b. immediately evaluate his airway c. administer 100% oxygen d. apply direct pressure to the wound

d. apply direct pressure to the wound

A 37-year-old male is found unresponsive in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you a medication named Alupent, which he found in the backseat of the patient's car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of: a. heart disease b. allergic reactions c. hypertension d. asthma

d. asthma

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain? a. cerebellum b. gray matter c. cerebrum d. brain stem

d. brain stem

The _________ is the best-protected part of the CNS and controls the functions of the cardiac and respiratory systems. a. spinal cord b. cerebellum c. cerebral cortex d. brain stem

d. brain stem

A temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities to function without physical damage to the brain MOST accurately describes a(n): a. intracerebral hematoma b. intracranial hemorrhage c. cerebral contusion d. cerebral concussion

d. cerebral concussion

In addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should involve: a. palpating the carotid pulse to determine the approximate rate and checking capillary refill time b. applying a pulse oximeter probe to the finger to determine if peripheral perfusion is adequate c. taking a blood pressure and determining if the patient is alert and oriented or confused d. checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin

d. checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin

It would be MOST appropriate for a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin when experiencing: a. sharp chest pain that lasts longer than 10 to 15 minutes b. difficulty breathing that awakens the patient from sleep c. an acute onset of dizziness during a period of exertion d. chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest

d. chest pain that does not immediately subside with rest

Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they: a. vomit b. are bleeding c. have a fever d. cough

d. cough

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include: a. multiple rib fractures b. an irregular pulse c. vomiting blood d. coughing up blood

d. coughing up blood

Hemoglobin is a molecule that attaches to ______ and carries oxygen. a. leukocytes b. monocytes c. thrombocytes d. erythrocytes

d. erythrocytes

a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) is used to deliver certain medications via the: a. inhalation route b. sublingual route c. transdermal route d. intranasal route

d. intranasal route

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she: a. experiences multiple impacts b. remains within the vehicle c. is wearing only a lap belt d. is ejected or partially ejected

d. is ejected or partially ejected

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient? a. apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher b. immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps c. move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding d. leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard

d. leaver her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard

The hypoxic drive is influenced by: high blood carbon dioxide levels b. high blood oxygen levels c. low blood carbon dioxide levels d. low blood oxygen levels

d. low blood oxygen levels

Complications associated with using a manually triggered ventilation device include: a. inadequate ventilation and hypercarbia b. inadequate oxygenation and tracheal injury c. reduced tidal volume delivery and hypoxia d. lung tissue injury and gastric distention

d. lung tissue injury and gastric distention

a 77-year-old woman slipped and fell on a throw rug and landed on her left hip. She denies striking her head or losing consciousness. Assessment of her left leg reveals that it is shortened and externally rotated. Distal pulses, sensory, and motor functions are intact. You should: a. bind both of her legs together with triangular bandages and carefully secure her onto the ambulance stretcher b. carefully slide a long backboard underneath her, keep her in a supine position, and apply a splint to her leg c. manually stabilize her left leg, apply a traction splint, and then secure her to a long backboard or scoop d. place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps

d. place her onto a scoop stretcher, pad around her left hip with pillows, and secure her to the scoop with straps

A 22-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiance. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: a. position her on her left side and transport at once b. request a paramedic to give her a sedative c. have her breathe into a paper or plastic bag d. provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed

d. provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed

A 19-year-old male was stung multiple times by fire ants. He is experiencing obvious signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock. You administer high-flow oxygen and give him epinephrine via intramuscular injection. Upon reassessment, you determine that his condition has not improved. You should: a. request a paramedic unit that is stationed approximately 15 miles away b. transport him immediately and provide supportive care while en route c. consider that he may actually be experiencing an acute asthma attack d. repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control

d. repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control

A 20-year-old male collided with another player during a hockey game and complains of severe pain to the left shoulder. Assessment reveals that the clavicle is bulging anteriorly at the shoulder. The EMT should suspect: a. multiple fractures of the proximal humerus b. dislocation of the glenohumeral joint c. posterior dislocation of the shoulder d. separation of the acromioclavicular joint

d. separation of the acromioclavicular joint

Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: a. labored breathing with reduced tidal volume b. a marked increase in the exhalation phase c. a complete cessation of respiratory effort d. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

d. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

Cardiac output (CO) is affected by: a. stroke volume only b. blood pressure c. heart rate only d. stroke volume and heart rate

d. stroke volume and heart rate

Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, EXCEPT: a. bronchioles b. the trachea c. alveoli d. the epiglottis

d. the epiglottis

Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because: a. a rapid heartbeat causes a decrease in the strength of cardiac contractions b. as the heart rate increases, more blood is pumped from the ventricles than the atria c. the volume of blood that returns to the heart is not sufficient with fast heart rates d. there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely

d. there is not enough time in between contractions for the heart to refill completely

Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: a. right-sided heart failure b. an upper airway infection c. severe hyperventilation d. toxic chemical inhalation

d. toxic chemical inhalation

A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted: a. into the larger nostril with the tip pointing away from the septum b. with the bevel pointing downward if inserted into the left nare c. into the smaller nostril with the tip following the roof of the nose d. with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare

d. with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare