Environmental Reform in Progressive Era

Ballinger-Pinchot

a dispute between U.S. Forest Service Chief Gifford Pinchot and U.S. Secretary of the Interior Richard Achilles Ballinger that contributed to the split of the Republican Party before the 1912 Presidential Election and helped to define the U.S. conservation movement in the early 20th century.

Boy Scouts

Scouts founded in 1910. Its goal is to train the youth in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance through participation in a wide range of outdoor activities. It became the country's largest youth organization.

Sierra Club

oldest and largest grassroots environmental organization in the United States. It was founded on May 28, 1892 in San Francisco, California by the well-known conservationist and preservationist John Muir, who became its first president. The Sierra Club has hundreds of thousands of members in chapters located throughout the US, and is affiliated with Sierra Club Canada.

Forest Rescue Act

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Gifford-Pinchot Issue

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Newlands Act

1902 act authorizing federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development projects, mainly in the dry Western states

Desert Land Act

1906, Federal government sold arid land cheaply on the condition that the purchaser irrigate the thirsty soil within 3 years.

Hetch- Hetchy Issue

The federal government allowed the city of San Francisco to build a dam in Hetch Hetchy Valley in 1913. This was a blow to preservationists, who wished to protect the Yosemite National Park, where the dam was located.