exam 1 a&P lab
spongy bone
composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space
ventral body cavity
contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen
4 major sutures of the skull
coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous
hallux
great toe
negative feedback loop
returns conditions to a set point (like a thermostat)
lymphatic system
returns excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system, provides immunity
Which bone feature is only found on cervical vertebrae?
transverse
Which bone feature is only found on cervical vertebrae?
transverse forearm
The protein found in large amounts in the outermost layer of epidermal cells is keratin.
true
stratum granulosum
A thin layer named for the abundant granules its cells contain. These granules are (1) lamellar granules, which contain a waterproofing glycolipid that is secreted into the extracellular space; and (2) keratohyaline granules, which help to form keratin in the more superficial layers.
central canal
A tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata
posterior cruciate ligament
Attaches to posterior tibia Prevents backward sliding of tibia and forward sliding of femur
squamous suture
Between parietal and temporal bones by ears
proximal
Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
dorsal body cavity
Contains the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity
How do nutrients reach the epidermis of the skin?
Diffusion transports nutrients from blood vessels in the dermis into the epidermis.
frontal plane
Divides the body into front and back portions.
Frontal bone markings
Forms the forehead, superior part of the orbit, and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa.
inorganic components of bone
Hydroxyapatites (mineral salts)
supination
Palm up
stratum lucidum
Present only in thick skin. A very thin transparent band of flattened, dead keratinocytes with indistinct boundaries.
stratum corneum
The outermost layer consisting of 20-30 layers of dead, scalelike keratinocytes. They are constantly being exfoliated and replaced by the division of the deeper cells.
Which bony feature is typically only found in babies?
anterior fontanelle
distal
away from the point of attachment like the knee is distal to the thigh
how is the skeleton divided
axial and appendicular
lambdoid suture
back of head
coronal suture
between frontal and parietal bones
osteocytes
bone cells
ossification
bone formation
frontal
bone forming anterior cranium
elastic cartilage
cartilage with abundant elastic fibers; more flexible than hyaline cartilage mainly in the ear
inferior
caudal towards the feet
medullary cavity
cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow
As total magnification increases, the working distance ________.
decreases
respiratory system
delivers oxygen to the blood, removes carbon dioxide
homeostasis imbalances
disturbances in homeostasis can lead to disease or death if uncorrected
frontal plane
divides body into front and back
sagittal plane
divides body into left and right
transverse plane
divides the body into superior and inferior parts
The spinal cord is located in the ________ body cavity.
dorsal
Which of the following are the two types of sudoriferous glands?
eccrine and apocrine
types of joints
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
What is the name of the superficial region of the skin?
epidermis
4 basic types of animal tissue
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
What is the primary cell type found in ligaments?
fibroblasts
Which cartilage forms the meniscus?
fibrocartilage
If you "close" your elbow bringing your forearm to rest against your upper arm, then your elbow is exhibiting:
flexion
Which of these terms best describes a small hole going through a bone?
foramen
parietal
form the superior and lateral cranium
frontal cranial bone
forms the forehead
Patient RX has been stabbed in the anterior, medial region of the right femoral region. What is the best description to tell the patient's family where the injury was located?
front mid-region of the right thigh
antecubital
front of elbow
The ________ body plane of section divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.
frontal
cephalic
head
articular cartilage
hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints
3 types of cartilage
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
positive feedback loop
increases and reinforces initial stimulus
What part of the microscope will allow the maximum amount of light to pass through the slide?
iris diaphragm
intercalated discs
junctions between cells anchor cardiac cells look like little maggots
sagitttal plane
left to right
crural
leg
appendicular
limbs
parietal membrane
lines body cavity containing an organ
hometostais
maintenance of internal enviroment
On what bone is the coronoid process found?
mandible
Endosteum
membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
smooth muscle
non striated, found circling hollow organs
organic components of bone
osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, bone-lining cells, osteoclasts, and osteoid
pronation
palm down
What tissue is the outermost, dense covering around bone?
periosteum
Which serous membrane covers only the lung?
plueral
acromial
point of shoulder
palatine bone
posterior hard plate
muscular system
produces movement, controls body openings, generates heat
bone markings category
projections and depressions
integumentary system
protects the body from external environment, retains water, Produces vitamin D, regulated body temp
stratified squamous epithelium
protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion
Nervous system
regulates body function, ptovides sensation, movement,
osteoclasts
resemble jelly fish
lamallae
rings around the central canal, sites of lacunae
lacrimal bone
saddle that contains pituitary gland
saggital suture
separates the left and right parietal bone
Lacunae
small cavities that contain osteocytes
Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for cell division and replacement?
stratum basale
skeletal muscle
striated, multi nucleated, each cell is innervated
cardiac muscle
striated, uninucleate, intercalated disk
collagen fibers
strong, fibrous protein that functions as extracellular structural element in connective tissue
skeletal system
supports the body, protects internal organs, provides leverage for movement, produces blood cells, stores calcium salts
posterior
toward the back
anterior
toward the front
superior
toward the head
medial
toward the middle of the body
Which two bones form the nasal septum?
vomer and ethmoid
sphenoid
wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull
cheekbone
zygomatic