Exam 1

To quality for a DSM-5 diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder, the excessive or ongoing anxiety or worry must last for at least:

6 months

A professor's office is a mess; graded tests are in piles on the desk, overflowing bookshelves line the walls, and research materials from years ago occupy boxes on the floor where there is only a narrow pathway to walk. If the professor is experiencing a diagnosable disorder, it would MOST likely be in which category?

OCRD's

The main difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist is that:

a psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can provide therapy, whereas a psychologist can provide therapy but cannot prescribe medications.

What is a compulsion?

a repetitive and rigid behavior or mental act that a person feels driven to perform in order to prevent or reduce anxiety

After a client shares his or her DSM diagnosis with others, people may treat the client differently, and the client may act accordingly. Many theorists would attribute this to the development of:

a self fulfilling prophecy

A woman constantly avoids crowded streets and buildings, and she is very reluctant to leave home, even with a friend. Recently, she has started experiencing extreme, sudden fear every time she enters a crowded street. MOST likely, this woman would be diagnosed with:

agoraphobia and panic disorder

Cognitive-behavioral approaches used to treat social anxiety disorder aim to:

alter illogical thinking patterns and reduce avoidance behaviors

In DSM-5, Asperger's syndrome is classified under which new category?

autism spectrum disorder

A young child receives affection when she earns good grades on her school assignments. However, when she receives poor grades, her mother berates her and tells her that she is "no good" and "stupid". This child will MOST likely develop:

conditions of worth

What is the BEST combination of treatments to treat obsessive-compulsive-related disorders?

exposure therapies and antidepressant drugs

A combat veteran undergoing "eye movement desensitization and reprocessing" is experiencing:

exposure therapy

Fear differs from anxiety in that:

fear is a response to a specific threat and anxiety is more general.

According to Freud, _____ is a condition in which the id, ego, and superego do not mature properly and are frozen at an early stage of development.

fixation

When dealing with a new client, the clinical practitioner's major focus is to gather which type of information?

idiographic

Hippocrates believed that abnormal behavior was caused by-

imbalance in bodily fluids

A panel of psychologists and psychiatrists evaluates the test results and clinical interviews of a client in a sanity hearing. They all arrive at the same diagnosis. The panel has high:

interrater reliability

In evaluating lie-detection methods, researchers have noted that magnetic resonance imaging:

is better than polygraphs at detecting lies

In a ____ design, research subjects are unaware as to whether they are assigned to the experimental group or the control group.

masked

David Rosenhan sent pseudopatients to a mental hospital, where they pretended to be disturbed. The results of this study led him to conclude that _____ greatly affects mental illness.

labeling

To measure tendencies toward depression, an assessment tool asks individuals to record all the times they feel sad. However, individuals report wide variations in the number of sad episodes from day to day. This assessment tool has:

low test-retest reliability and high face validity

A belief of many early cognitive-behavioral therapists, and one that continues to be influential today, is that generalized anxiety disorder is induced by:

maladaptive assumptions

The basis for moral treatment of asylum patients was the belief that:

mental illness should be treated humanely and with respect

What is one important way obsessions and compulsions are related?

obsessions generally lead to violent or immoral compulsions

The clinician has developed a test that requires test takers to tell stories about a series of pictures of city skylines. Most likely, this new test is a:

projective test

Research on evoked potential with people with dissociative identity disorder has revealed that:

people with dissociative identity disorder do not show different brain-response patterns for subpersonalities

Avery, a 28 year old woman, tells her therapist that she has an intense fear of snakes. She says she has been afraid of snakes since she was a child. Which additional criterion would suggest that Avery meets the diagnostic criteria for a specific phobia?

refusal to go certain places where she believes snakes could be present, such as the lake

When we encounter a stressor, the _____________ nervous system accelerates the automatic processes in our body, and after the stressor is over, the ___________ nervous system returns us to normal functioning.

sympathetic, parasympathetic

What do acute and posttraumatic stress disorder have in common with dissociative disorders?

they are triggered by traumatic events

Which statement is TRUE regarding dissociative disorders?

they involve major changes in memory

Compared with men, women are _______ to develop generalized anxiety disorder.

twice as likely