Exam 2 Anatomy Lecture
papillary and reticular layer
In the dermis, what layer is composed of connective tissue we have discussed in the previous section.
basal cells
UV radiation can cause mutation of which cells in the epidermis that can lead to the common form of skin cancer
ethmoid bone
a bone that forms the roof and lateral walls of the upper nasal cavity
eczema
a dry, itchy rash typically caused by an autoimmune disorder. can result in a build up and growth layers of skin
anagen
a very brief phase where the hair shaft attaches to the follicle
catagen
a very brief phase where the hair shaft attaches to the follicle
keratinocytes in the stratum cornea
abrasive wear and tear
fourth-degree burn
affects underlying muscles and bone; not very painful
yellow marrow
an area of fat storage
tarsal bone
articulates with the tibia and fibula
the ribs are
attached via their costal cartilage directly to the sternum
parietal bone
bone of the brain case
the flat bones of the cranium
bones formed by intramembranous ossification
irregular bones
bones that surround the spinal cord
lesser trochanter
bony landmark of the femur serves as a site for muscle attachments
greater tubercle
bony landmark that is located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus
second-degree burn
both epidermis and dermis were burned; blisters that are red and painful
compound fracture
broken bone pierces the skin
all of the following that play a role in calcium homeostasis
calcitonin, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D
fracture
can be both closed and comminuted
squamous cell carcinoma
cancer of the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum results in
pisiform and lunate
carpal bones in the proximal row
melanin
comes in eumelanin and pheomelanin; absorbs UV radiation
epiphyseal plate
continues to grow until adulthood where it disappears and the epiphysis and diaphysis fuse
stratum basale
deepest & oldest layer of the epidermis
melanin production from melanocytes
defensive against UV radiation
clavicle
develops via intramembranous ossification
orthopedist
doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorder and injuries related to the musculoskeletal system.
embryonic development of the axial skeleton involves
endochondral ossification, which forms the ribs and sternum
Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.
epiphyseal plate
keratinocytes
fingers and toe nails are made up of dead
sesamoid bones
found in the tendons
pelvis
has a subpubic angle that is larger in females
the middle cranial fossa
has the foramen, rotundum, foramen ovale, and foramen spinosum
sternum
has the sternal angle located between the manubrium and body
red & white blood cells and platelets
hematopoiesis is the production of
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
hormones have opposing effects on osseous tissue
arterioles constrict to shunt blood from extremities to avoid the skin
in cold weather, which of the following are mechanisms your body uses to regulate body heat
collagen
in the skin; helps with structure
osteoBLASTS and osteoCYTES
incapable of undergoing mitosis
the primary curvatures of the vertebral column
include the cervical curve
tubercle of a rib
is for articulation with the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra
hypodermis
layer of the skin that deposits adipose
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
layers of the skin from apical to basal
supraspinous fossa
lies between the spine and superior border of the scapula
meissner corpuscle
light touch
vitamin D and parathyroid hormone
likely to be released when blood calcium levels are too low
meissner corpuscle
located in a dermal papillae
first stage of intramembranous ossification
mesenchymal stem cells cluster and form ossification centers
calcium;phosphorus
minerals found in the bone tissue
melanoma
most fatal skin cancer; it can metastasize and spread quickly
vitamin D
needed for calcium to be absorbed from the small intestine
when calcium levels are too high or too low, this body system is primarily effected
nervous system
telogen
no new hair growth occurs and the follicle is at rest
trabeculae
only found in the cancellous bone
Third Stage of Intramembranous Ossification
osteoCYTE is calcified
second stage of intramembranous ossification
osteoid traps osteoBLASTS
second-degree burn
painful blisters that swell and effects both epidermis and dermis
sternal end
part of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium
sella turcica
parts of the sphenoid bone include the
apocrine and eccrine glands
prevents over heating
dermicidin secretion from eccrine sweat glands
protect against microbes
cranium
protects the brain
ribs
protects the lungs and the heart
vertebral column
protects the spine
third-degree burn
serious burn that damages nerve endings; requires medical attention
coracoid process
short, hook-like bony process of the scapula that projects anteriorly
medial condyle of the tibia
structure that contributes to the knee joint
epidermis and dermis
sun bathing can cause damage to these layers of the skin
first-degree burn
superficial that only affects the epidermis
periosteum
surrounds the outside of a bone; made up of a fibrous membrane that contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels
rotation of the limbs
takes place during the seventh week of development
fontanelle
the area of fibrous CT found at birth between the brain case bones
7 vertebrae
the cervical region of the vertebral column consists of
endochondral ossification is characterized by
the core of the perichondrium calcifies; capillaries infiltrate and replace dying chondrocytes and osteoBLASTS; at the growth plate, chondrocytes and cartilage remain to continue growing to lengthen the bone; there are 2 centers of ossification
stratified quamous
the epidermis is composed of which type of cell?
spongy bone
the first type of bone to form during fracture repair
occipital bone
the lambdoid suture joins the parietal bone to the
shedding
the old hair is pushed out, and the new anaphase begins
26
total number of bones found in the foot and toes
after a fracture, the internal and external calli are replaced by
trabecular bone
Fourth Stage of Intramembranous Ossification
trabecular matrix forms
pacinian corpuscle
vibration and pressure
metaphyseal zone
where the diaphysis and epiphysis intersect
stratum corneum
which layer of the dermis keeps you from drying out
