Exam 2 Nutrition
pepsin
Enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach
chemical digestion
Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use
united nations children's fund (unicef)
To save and improve children's lives, providing health care and immunizations, clean water and sanitation, nutrition, education, emergency relief and more.
juvenile diabetes
Type 1
glycemic index
a measure of how a particular food affects blood glucose levels
diverticulosis
abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon
13%
american are food insecure
Supplemental nutrition assistance program (snap)
assistance program that enables qualified low income participants to use monthly cash allotments and special debit card to purchase food
15-20%
average daily sugar intake takes up how much calorie intake
1500 to 2000
body stores how many calories of carbs in glycogen
Beans and cabbage
can cause ibs
pylori
cause of stomach ulcers (infection)
anosmia
complete inability to detect odors
350-400 cals
daily amount of added sugar in american diet
adult onset
diabetes from overweight and poor diet and lack of exercise
malnutrition
diets lack nutrients or contains excessive amounts of nutrients
breakdown food, absorb nutrients, eliminate waste
digestive system roles
hypogeusia
diminished ability to taste
mobile food pantries
distribute food to those in need
UN's food and agriculture organization
educate and encourage farmers internationally to conserve soil and preserve food supply
salivary amylase
enzyme in saliva that begins starch digestion
lysozyme
enzyme in saliva that can destroy some bacteria taht are in food or the mouth
lingual lipase
enzyme secreted in saliva that begins fat digestion
linoleic acid
essential fatty acid
soup kitchens
establishments where prepared meals are provided to those who are hungry
villi
extensions of the small intestine to increase surface area
older american act (OAA) nutrition program
financial assistance for nonprofit programs that provide free meals to adults 60 or older
iodine
for normal metabolism and thyroid function, causes goiter
1 in 6
fraction of people food insecure in US
wheat protein
gluten is a
probiotic
gut bacteria
870 million
how many worldwide suffer from inadequate food intake
back pack program
in seward by the kiwanis club provide food for over weekends
ageusia
inability to taste
mucosa
innermost layer of the digestive tract
go down
insulin causes blood glucose to
vitamin A
lack can cause childhood blindness
8%
live in low food security
5%
live in very low food security
small intestine
majority of digestion takes place
lactose
milk sugar
iron
most prevalent micronutrient deficiency
fiber
non digestible carbohydrate
stevia
non nutritive sweetener that comes from a plant
NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen, tylonal)
food banks
nonprofit organizations that act as distribution centers for surplus food
food pantry
nonprofit service that provides food to people in need
80-100mg%
normal fasting level of blood glucose
Women, infants, and children (wic) program
nutrition education, referrals for health, checks to purchase food
sucrose
nutritive sweetener that comes from plants
2
pH of stomach
35%
percentage of deaths in children under 5 years because of undernutrition
mechanical digestion
physical breakdown of food
digestion
process of breaking down large food molecules into nutrients
bile
produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
enzymes
proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction
world bank
provide loans and funds to help agricuture
national school lunch program
provides reimbursements to the school that offer free or reduced cost lunches
food deserts
regions in which large proportions of those experience difficulty in obtaining nutritious food
foodnet
seward united methodist working to stop food waste
Diverticulitis
small pockets form in lower digestive tract and become inflamed
pectin and gar gum
soluble fibers
client choice food pantry
st john church provides food to families who have inadequate financial resources
food insecurity
state in which individuals are concerned about running out of food or not having enough money to buy food
food security
state in which individuals have access to enough food at all times to lead healthy, active lives
sucrose
table sugar
ileocecal valve
the sphincter separating the small and large intestines
sphincters
thickened regions of circular muscle that control the flow of contents at various points in the GI tract
adult onset diabetes
type two diabetes
cellulose
undigestible fiber in plants
absorption
uptake and removal of nutritents from digestive tract
biotechnology
use of living things to produce new products
meals on wheels
volunteers deliver meals to the door (seward)
asia
what country has the most individuals undernourished
africa
what country is most undernourished percentage
antibiotics
what treats stomach ulcers
chronic undernutrition
when energy and nutrients intake are insufficient over an extended period of time