Exam 2 Nutrition

pepsin

Enzyme that breaks down proteins in the stomach

chemical digestion

Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use

united nations children's fund (unicef)

To save and improve children's lives, providing health care and immunizations, clean water and sanitation, nutrition, education, emergency relief and more.

juvenile diabetes

Type 1

glycemic index

a measure of how a particular food affects blood glucose levels

diverticulosis

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

13%

american are food insecure

Supplemental nutrition assistance program (snap)

assistance program that enables qualified low income participants to use monthly cash allotments and special debit card to purchase food

15-20%

average daily sugar intake takes up how much calorie intake

1500 to 2000

body stores how many calories of carbs in glycogen

Beans and cabbage

can cause ibs

pylori

cause of stomach ulcers (infection)

anosmia

complete inability to detect odors

350-400 cals

daily amount of added sugar in american diet

adult onset

diabetes from overweight and poor diet and lack of exercise

malnutrition

diets lack nutrients or contains excessive amounts of nutrients

breakdown food, absorb nutrients, eliminate waste

digestive system roles

hypogeusia

diminished ability to taste

mobile food pantries

distribute food to those in need

UN's food and agriculture organization

educate and encourage farmers internationally to conserve soil and preserve food supply

salivary amylase

enzyme in saliva that begins starch digestion

lysozyme

enzyme in saliva that can destroy some bacteria taht are in food or the mouth

lingual lipase

enzyme secreted in saliva that begins fat digestion

linoleic acid

essential fatty acid

soup kitchens

establishments where prepared meals are provided to those who are hungry

villi

extensions of the small intestine to increase surface area

older american act (OAA) nutrition program

financial assistance for nonprofit programs that provide free meals to adults 60 or older

iodine

for normal metabolism and thyroid function, causes goiter

1 in 6

fraction of people food insecure in US

wheat protein

gluten is a

probiotic

gut bacteria

870 million

how many worldwide suffer from inadequate food intake

back pack program

in seward by the kiwanis club provide food for over weekends

ageusia

inability to taste

mucosa

innermost layer of the digestive tract

go down

insulin causes blood glucose to

vitamin A

lack can cause childhood blindness

8%

live in low food security

5%

live in very low food security

small intestine

majority of digestion takes place

lactose

milk sugar

iron

most prevalent micronutrient deficiency

fiber

non digestible carbohydrate

stevia

non nutritive sweetener that comes from a plant

NSAID

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen, tylonal)

food banks

nonprofit organizations that act as distribution centers for surplus food

food pantry

nonprofit service that provides food to people in need

80-100mg%

normal fasting level of blood glucose

Women, infants, and children (wic) program

nutrition education, referrals for health, checks to purchase food

sucrose

nutritive sweetener that comes from plants

2

pH of stomach

35%

percentage of deaths in children under 5 years because of undernutrition

mechanical digestion

physical breakdown of food

digestion

process of breaking down large food molecules into nutrients

bile

produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder

enzymes

proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction

world bank

provide loans and funds to help agricuture

national school lunch program

provides reimbursements to the school that offer free or reduced cost lunches

food deserts

regions in which large proportions of those experience difficulty in obtaining nutritious food

foodnet

seward united methodist working to stop food waste

Diverticulitis

small pockets form in lower digestive tract and become inflamed

pectin and gar gum

soluble fibers

client choice food pantry

st john church provides food to families who have inadequate financial resources

food insecurity

state in which individuals are concerned about running out of food or not having enough money to buy food

food security

state in which individuals have access to enough food at all times to lead healthy, active lives

sucrose

table sugar

ileocecal valve

the sphincter separating the small and large intestines

sphincters

thickened regions of circular muscle that control the flow of contents at various points in the GI tract

adult onset diabetes

type two diabetes

cellulose

undigestible fiber in plants

absorption

uptake and removal of nutritents from digestive tract

biotechnology

use of living things to produce new products

meals on wheels

volunteers deliver meals to the door (seward)

asia

what country has the most individuals undernourished

africa

what country is most undernourished percentage

antibiotics

what treats stomach ulcers

chronic undernutrition

when energy and nutrients intake are insufficient over an extended period of time