exam 3 questions class, ati, nursing.com

A client newly diagnosed with Parkinson disease asks the​ nurse, "What does dopamine do in the​ brain?" Which is the most appropriate​ response? "Dopamine stimulates the neurons to transmit sensory and motor​ impulses." ​"Dopamine enhances the action of​ acetylcholine." ​"Dopamine causes spinal cord neurons to transmit​ impulses." "Dopamine helps maintain coordinated motor​ movement."

"Dopamine helps maintain coordinated motor​ movement."

The nurse is planning care for several clients. Which client has the greatest risk of developing heart failure? A 50-year-old African-American female who is sedentary A 75-year-old Caucasian male who is 10 lbs overweight A 52-year-old Caucasian female with asthma A 69-year-old African-American male with hypertension

A 69-year-old African-American male with hypertension

A client reports morning headache that extends into the neck and goes away as the day wears on. Based on this initial data, which does the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing? A migraine headache A symptom of hypertension A sinus headache Spinal stenosis

A symptom of hypertension

A nurse is caring for a client with venous stasis whose lower extremities have a brown pigmentation appearance. Which is this pigmentation appearance best attributed to? The inflammatory and immune response from congested circulation The necrosis of subcutaneous fat due to tissue hypoxia Breakdown of red blood cells in the congested tissues Skin atrophy caused by lack of circulation

Breakdown of red blood cells in the congested tissues

The nurse is assessing a client being treated for congestive heart failure (CHF). Which physical findings would indicate that the client's condition is not improving? Select all that apply. Pulse oximetry reading of 96% Small amount of clear, nasal drainage Urine output 160 ml over 8 hours Temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) Wheezing of breath sounds in all lobes

Correct! Urine output 160 ml over 8 hours Correct! Wheezing of breath sounds in all lobes

After performing a physical​ assessment, the nurse suspects that a client is experiencing manifestations of osteoarthritis​ (OA). Which finding supports the​ nurse's suspicion?​ (Select all that​ apply.) Crepitation Joint tenderness Reduced joint flexibility Leg tremors Correct! Joint stiffness

Crepitation Joint tenderness Reduced joint flexibility Joint stiffness

A patient with a history of CHF presents with palpitations, shortness of breath, weakness, and activity intolerance while performing ADLs. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for this patient? Insufficient physiological energy r/t sedentary lifestyle Risk for situational low self-esteem Decreased cardiac output r/t impaired cardiac function Risk for infection r/t malnutrition

Decreased cardiac output r/t impaired cardiac function

The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis​ (MS) identifies a goal of promoting​ self-care. Which intervention should the nurse​ include? Teach the client to perform​ self-care activities at the end of the day. Teach the client to limit fluid intake. Encourage the client to wear arm or wrist braces. Encourage the client to take responsibility for all food preparation duties.

Encourage the client to wear arm or wrist braces.

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client who is hypertensive. Which additional clinical manifestations leads the nurse to believe that the client is experiencing early preeclampsia? Right-sided abdominal pain Persistent headache Severe epigastric pain Excessive protein in the urine

Excessive protein in the urine

A nurse caring for clients with heart failure must be aware of the compensatory mechanisms activated in heart failure. Which physiology is not associated with the neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism? Increased cardiac workload causes myocardial muscle to hypertrophy and ventricles to dilate. Decreased CO and decreased renal perfusion stimulate the renin-angiotensin system. Antidiuretic hormone is released from posterior pituitary. Decreased CO stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and catecholamine release.

Increased cardiac workload causes myocardial muscle to hypertrophy and ventricles to dilate.

A client is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec) for treatment of heart failure. Which assessment finding should cause the nurse concern following the initial administration of this drug?

Low blood pressure

A client with multiple sclerosis reports difficulty walking. Which collaborative therapy should the nurse​ request? Occupational therapy Physical therapy Speech therapy Cognitive therapy

Physical therapy

The nurse identifies the diagnosis Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion related to decreased arterial flow to extremities as appropriate for a client. Which activity will the nurse recommend in order to improve the client's blood flow? Elevate the feet while reclining. Position with the extremities dependent. Use a heating pad to increase warmth. Cross the legs at the knees when seated.

Position with the extremities dependent.

The nurse is caring for a child with heart failure (CHF). Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate when assessing this child? Select all that apply. Weight loss Increased blood pressure Shortness of breath Bradycardia Tachycardia

Shortness of breath Correct! Tachycardia

The home care nurse assesses an older adult client's blood pressure as being 150/100 mmHg. When reviewing medications, the client reports taking the blood pressure medication only when feeling tense. Which instruction from the nurse is most appropriate based on the data provided? Contact the healthcare provider for an increase in blood pressure medication. Take the blood pressure medication as prescribed regardless of feeling tense. Continue to take medication when feeling tense. Take the blood pressure medication at twice the prescribed dosage for 1 day and then resume the daily schedule.

Take the blood pressure medication as prescribed regardless of feeling tense.

The nurse is evaluating teaching provided to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Which client observation indicates teaching has been effective? Sitting in a chair with left leg crossed over the right Smoking a pipe instead of cigarettes Washing the lower extremities with mild soap, drying the legs, and applying a light moisturizer Sitting in a chair with a pillow behind knees

Washing the lower extremities with mild soap, drying the legs, and applying a light moisturizer

a nurse is caring for a client who has MS. which of the following finings should the nurse expect? fluctuations in blood pressure loss of cognitive function ineffective cough drooping eye lids

loss of cognitive function

The nursing diagnosis "Noncompliance related to unknown factors" is established for a client with hypertension who admits to occasionally taking prescribed antihypertensive medications. Which behavior should the nurse demonstrate when discussing reasons for noncompliance with this client? Direct Confrontational Nonjudgmental Indifference

nonjudgemental

A patient is prescribed a thiazide diuretic for the treatment of hypertension. When teaching the patient about the medication, which of the following will the healthcare provider include? Take this medication each day with a large glass of water after your evening meal." "I'll teach you how to take your radial pulse before taking the medication." "Stop taking this medication if you notice changes in how much you urinate." "Be sure to include a number of foods that are rich in potassium in your diet."

"Be sure to include a number of foods that are rich in potassium in your diet."

A client complains of claudication after walking a distance of one block. A nurse notes that the client has developed a painful ulcer on the toes of the right foot. Which condition is most likely responsible for this client's symptoms? Necrosis or gangrene of the toes Peripheral arterial disease Peripheral venous disease Diabetic foot ulceration

Peripheral arterial disease

The nurse is positioning a client with left-sided heart failure in bed. Which sleeping position is most appropriate for this client? Lying supine on a sofa Lying on either side with the head of the bed elevated 30° Lying on the left side with the head of the bed elevated 30° Seated in a recliner with 2-3 pillows

Seated in a recliner with 2-3 pillows

A client admitted with chronic venous insufficiency has an infected wound of the left lower extremity. Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate during the client's assessment? Select all that apply. Surrounding skin brown in color Skin surrounding ulcer that is cool to the touch Wound that is pink with skin warm Ulceration that is pale in color Pulses absent in the extremity with the wound

Surrounding skin brown in color Wound that is pink with skin warm

The nurse conducts discharge planning for a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis​ (MS). Which intervention should the nurse​ include? (Select all that​ apply). Assessment of home safety Arrangement for pastoral care consultation Instruction for a low​ fat, low salt diet Teaching of a bladder training program Teaching of good body mechanics

Teaching of a bladder training program Teaching of good body mechanics Assessment of home safety

a nurse is beginning a physical assessment of a client who has a new diagnosis of MS. which of the following findings should the nurse expect Select all that apply areas of paresthesia involuntary eye movement alopecia increased salvation ataxia

areas of paresthesia involuntary eye movement ataxia

a nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports increased SOB. which of the following actions should the nurse take first? obtain the client weight assist the client into fowlers auscultate lung sounds check 02 saturation with pulse ox

assist the client into fowlers

a nurse is screening a. client for hypertension the nurse should identify that which action will increase hypertension drinking 8oz of milk eating popcorn walking one mile a day consuming 36 oz of beer getting a massage

beer and popcorn because popcorn has high sodium

Which clinical manifestation would be required to confirm the diagnosis of Parkinson​ disease? Rigidity only Tremor at rest and flaccidity Tremors at rest and bradykinesia Bradykinesia only

Tremors at rest and bradykinesia

An older adult client was diagnosed with Parkinson disease 3 months ago. Since the​ diagnosis, the client has not gone out of the house. Which statement by the nurse is most​ appropriate? "Tell your family to come and take you out of the house." "You need to start getting out." "Getting out of the house will help you to feel less depressed." "Can I ask why you aren't going out of the house?"

"Can I ask why you aren't going out of the house?"

The nurse is instructing a client with heart failure about a prescribed sodium-restricted diet. Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is required? "I can use spices and lemon juice to add flavor to food when cooking." "I have to read the labels on foods to find out the sodium content." "I have to limit the intake of food with baking soda or baking powder." "I can use as much salt substitute as I want."

"I can use as much salt substitute as I want.

The nurse teaches a client about lifestyle modifications to help manage hypertension. Which client statement indicates teaching has been effective? "I know I need to give up my cigarettes and alcohol." "I need to get started on my medications right away." "I won't be able to run in marathons anymore." "My father had hypertension, did nothing, and lived to be 90 years old."

"I know I need to give up my cigarettes and alcohol."

A client diagnosed with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is obese, has a 30-year history of cigarette smoking, and works as a contractor. When discussing risk factors for PVD, which statement by the nurse is appropriate? "Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor." "Obesity is a factor in cardiovascular disease but not peripheral vascular disease." "Nicotine primarily affects coronary arteries and the lungs." "Your current occupation is a major risk factor."

"Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor."

A client diagnosed with osteoarthritis asks the​ nurse, "If I am losing the cartilage in my​ knees, why do my knees look​ larger?" Which response should the nurse​ give? "Although the cartilage is​ destroyed, you may be building up more bone in the​ knee." ​"Your knees have developed​ contractures, increasing the size of the​ knees." "The muscle mass is increasing as a result of the exercises you must​ do." "Sometimes inflammation increases the size of your knees or fluid buildup​ occurs."

"Sometimes inflammation increases the size of your knees or fluid buildup​ occurs."

The nurse is instructing a client on lifestyle changes to prevent the onset of heart disease. Which should be included in this teaching session? Select all that apply. Reduce saturated fats in the diet. Limit exercise to 15 minutes a day. Correct! Avoid cigarette smoking. Limit fluid intake. Wear elastic hose.

Reduce saturated fats in the diet. Avoid cigarette smoking.

Which is the main pathology of Parkinson disease that causes changes in muscular and sensory​ function? Presence of Lewy bodies. Reduction of acetylcholine in the brain. Genetic predisposition. Reduction of dopamine in the brain.

Reduction of dopamine in the brain.

The nurse is assessing an older adult client. Which finding should cause the nurse to suspect the client has Parkinson disease​ (PD)? (Select all that​ apply.) The client's facial expression shows no emotion. The client has slurred speech. The client has hand tremors at rest. The client's blood pressure increases when the client stands up. The client does not remember what he ate for breakfast.

The client's facial expression shows no emotion. The client has slurred speech. The client has hand tremors at rest. The client does not remember what he ate for breakfast.

The nurse formulates the plan of care for a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis​ (MS). The client stays up late at​ night, takes long hot​ showers, sleeps in a cool​ bedroom, loves fresh air all year​ round, and naps after lunch. Which lifestyle changes should the nurse suggest for the​ client? Turning the bedroom heat off and opening the windows Turning down the​ shower's temperature Keeping night hours Eliminating the​ post-lunch nap

Turning down the​ shower's temperature

The nurse is planning care for an older adult client with chronic venous insufficiency. Which will the nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Wear elastic hose as prescribed. Cross legs only at the knees. Keep the legs dependent as much as possible and elevate only when asleep. Standing will prevent the progression of the disease.

Wear elastic hose as prescribed.

A client states to the nurse, "I know I have high blood pressure but I don't want to take medication." Based on this data, which health problem is the client at risk for developing? Metabolic syndrome Diabetes Cardiomyopathy Gastritis

cardiomyopathy

The nurse is preparing to teach about the manifestations of multiple sclerosis to a client newly diagnosed with the disease. Which manifestation should the nurse include in this​ teaching? Difficulty chewing Hypertension Fever Frequent dry cough

difficulty chewing

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis​ (MS) about the factors that may precipitate a relapse. Which factor should the nurse​ include? (Select all that​ apply.) Fatigue Constipation Acetaminophen use Stress Increases in body temperature

fatigue stress increased body temperature

a nurse is assess a client who has chronic Peripheral arterial disease which of the findings would you see? edema around the ankles ulceration around the medial malleoli scaling eczema of the lower legs with stasis dermatitis pallor on elevation of the limbs and rubor when the limbs are dependent

pallor on elevation of the limbs and rubor when the limbs are dependent

a nurse is teaching a client about a new diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease. Which is a correct instruction wear tightly fitted insulated socks and shoes elevate both legs above the heart when resting apply a heating pad to both legs for comfort place both legs in dependent position while sleeping

place both legs in dependent position while sleeping

A client presents with double vision and increasing weakness in the lower extremities. Which additional information should lead the nurse to expect that diagnostic testing for multiple sclerosis​ (MS) will be​ ordered? The client reports pain in the lower back for the past few days. the client reports previous​ episodes, each lasting​ 1-day, and then no problems for at least 1 month. The client reports increasing manifestations over the past week. The client reports episodes of rapid heart rate during periods of weakness in the lower extremities

the client reports previous​ episodes, each lasting​ 1-day, and then no problems for at least 1 month.

A client diagnosed with localized idiopathic osteoarthritis​ (OA) asks the nurse what this means. Which response by the nurse provides the most accurate​ information? ​"Idiopathic OA, as compared with secondary​ OA, is caused by some kind of underlying​ condition." "Idiopathic describes OA overall while localized indicates that it affects one body joint​ only." ​"Idiopathic refers to the fact that the OA has already progressed significantly in one or two​ joints." ​"Idiopathic OA has no identifiable​ cause; when it is​ localized, it only affects one or two​ joints."

​"Idiopathic OA has no identifiable​ cause; when it is​ localized, it only affects one or two​ joints."

A client has been diagnosed with​ relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis​ (MS). Which statement by the nurse most accurately explains to the client the onset of symptoms with this type of​ MS? ​"Symptoms will not develop for at least several years after​ diagnosis." ​"Symptoms will flare up at​ times, with periods of partial or complete​ remission." ​"Symptoms will develop​ slowly, but continuously with no periods of​ remission." ​"Symptoms will become progressively worse with periods of​ flare-ups."

​"Symptoms will flare up at​ times, with periods of partial or complete​ remission."

A client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis​ (MS) tells the nurse about exploring complementary health practices to help deal with the MS. Which health practice should concern the nurse​ most? Therapeutic horseback riding Acupuncture Bee venom therapy ​Low-dose naltrexone

Bee venom therapy

The nurse is teaching a class about the joints commonly affected by osteoarthritis​ (OA). Which joints should the nurse​ include? Neck, shoulder, and ankles Hands, knees, and hips Knees, Feet, and Spine Ankles, feet, and spine

Hands, knees, and hips

A client has a nighttime cough related to taking enalapril (Vasotec). Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to promote rest for this client? Have the client sleep on 2 or 3 pillows at night. contact the healthcare provider for a prescription for a cough-suppressant medication. Have the client sleep in left Sim's position Contact the healthcare provider for a prescription for a sedative-hypnotic medication.

Have the client sleep on 2 or 3 pillows at night.

A client is admitted to determine the cause of secondary hypertension. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse suspect the client will be prescribed and need to include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply. Myelogram Intravenous pyelogram Cardiac catheterization Cerebral angiogram Renal angiogram

Intravenous pyelogram Renal angiogram

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has symptoms of intermittent claudication. Which will the nurse include when teaching the client about intermittent claudication? It causes cramping or aching pain in the lower extremities and the buttocks that occurs with a predictable level of activity. It causes pain that increases when the legs are elevated and decreases when the legs are dependent. It is often described as a burning sensation in the lower legs. It causes pain that occurs during periods of inactivity.

It causes cramping or aching pain in the lower extremities and the buttocks that occurs with a predictable level of activity.

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is experiencing pain. Which nursing intervention addresses the client's pain? Apply cool compresses to the extremities. Elevate legs in bed with pillows under the knees. Encourage to ambulate and stand on legs 4 times each day. Keep the extremities warm with blankets.

Keep the extremities warm with blankets.

The nurse is planning care for a client with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) who is at risk for Impaired Skin Integrity. Which intervention is appropriate for the nurse to include in the plan of care? Keep the skin clean and dry, and moisturize areas of dryness. Consult a dietitian for low-protein diet. Encourage bed rest with legs elevated on pillows. Restrict fluids.

Keep the skin clean and dry, and moisturize areas of dryness.

A client diagnosed with systolic heart failure is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). When planning care for this client which does the nurse understand about systolic heart failure? Results from decreased ventricular compliance caused by hypertrophic and cellular changes and impaired relaxation of the heart muscle. Decreases passive diastolic filling, increasing the importance of atrial contraction to preload. Occurs when the ventricle fails to contract adequately to eject a sufficient volume of blood into the arterial system. Results when the heart cannot completely relax in diastole, disrupting normal filling.

Occurs when the ventricle fails to contract adequately to eject a sufficient volume of blood into the arterial system.

Which is a common risk factor for​ osteoarthritis? (Select all that​ apply.) Ingestion of large amounts of purine Overuse of joints from sports or strenuous activities Autoimmune disorder Obesity Activities affecting weight-bearing joints

Overuse of joints from sports or strenuous activities Obesity Activities affecting weight-bearing joints

During hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF), a client awakens during the night frightened and short of breath. Based on this data, what is the client experiencing? Multisystem heart failure High-output failure Cardiomyopathy Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

a nurse is teaching a client who has MS and a new prescription for baclofen. which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching the medication will help you with tremors this medication will help with bladder function this medication will cause your to bruise this medication can cause you to experience dizziness

this medication can cause you to experience dizziness

A young woman with multiple sclerosis is planning to get pregnant. She asks the​ nurse, "What are the​ risks?" Which response by the nurse is​ correct? ​"You should plan to have difficulty getting​ pregnant." ​"Pregnancy may cause your disease to progress​ faster." ​"You may have exacerbations during your last​ trimester." ​"The drug treatment you are on may be harmful to the​ fetus."

​"The drug treatment you are on may be harmful to the​ fetus."