Exercise 19 Review Sheet - The Spinal Cord & Spinal Nerves
From the key, choose the name of the tract that might be damaged when the following conditions are observed. *TERM*
*CONDITION*
loss of both motor and sensory function
ventral ramus of a spinal nerve
loss of motor function
ventral root of a spinal nerve
Choose the proper answer from the following key to respond to the descriptions relating to spinal cord anatomy. *TERM*
*DESCRIPTION*
Match each anatomical term in the key to the descriptions given below. *TERM*
*DESCRIPTION*
Name the major nerves that serve the following body areas. *NERVE*
*AREA*
median and ulnar
anterior forearm muscles (name 2)
lumbar
abdominal wall (name plexus only)
femoral
anterior thigh
Where in the vertebral column is a lumber puncture generally done?
below L3
Compare and contrast the meninges of the spinal cord and the brain.
both: connective tissue that covers/protects brain: dura mater = 2 layers, tightly adhered spinal cord: dura = 1 layer, epidural space
cauda equina
collection of spinal nerves traveling in the vertebral canal below the terminus of the spinal cord
Define "nerve plexus."
complex network of nerves
phrenic
diaphragm
lateral spinothalamic tract
diminished pain perception
dorsal colums (fasciculus cuntaneous and fasciculus gracilis), ventral spinothalamic tract
dimished sense of touch
loss of sensory function
dorsal root of a spinal nerve
Do you think it's possible to get shingles more than once? Explain your answer.
yes - once you have the virus, you'll always have it; it may lie dormant, but it could reactivate
ulnar
medial side of the hand
sciatic
posterior thigh
sensory, interneurons
primary neuron type found in dorsal horn
motor
primary neuron type found in ventral horn
conus medullaris
spinal cord terminus
How does the position of the gray and white matter differ in the spinal cord and in the cerebral hemispheres?
spinal cord: outer layer = white, inner layer = gray cerebrum: outer layer = gray, inner layer = white
What is the significance of these enlargements?
the nerves serving the upper and lower limbs arise here
tectospinal tract, rubrospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract
tremors, jerky movements
tectospinal tract, rubrospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract
uncoordinated movement
How can you distinguish the dorsal from the ventral horns?
ventral horns are wider than dorsal horns and dorsal horns are closer to outer edges of spinal cord
cranial nerves
C1-C8
lumbar nerves
L1-L5
sacral nerves
S1-S5
thoracic nerves
T1-T12
The ventral rami of spinal nerves C1 thru T1 and T12 thru S4 take part in forming *plexuses* which serve the *limbs, anterior trunk* of the body.
The ventral rami of T2 thru T12 run between the ribs to serve the *intercostal muscles*.
musculotaneous and radial
arm muscles (name 2)
sensory
fiber type in dorsal root
both sensory and motor
fiber type in spinal nerve
motor
fiber type in ventral root
cervical
head, neck, shoulders (name plexus only)
Where in the body does the varicella-zoster virus lie dormant?
in the cell body of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion
lateral corticospinal tract, ventral corticospinal tract
lack of voluntary movement
tibial and common fibular
leg and foot (name 2)
filum terminale
meningeal extension beyond the spinal cord terminus
Why is this the site of choice?
meninges extend beyond spinal cord and are filled with CSF, so the spinal cord isn't damaged
foramen magnum
most superior boundary of the spinal cord
sensory
neuron type in dorsal root ganglion
