EXSC330L
During the YMCA submaximal test, everyone starts at the same workload of ________kp.
0.5
During exercise protocols, heart rate should be assessed every ...
1 minute
Which of the following YMCA cycling test stages would be considered to have attained steady state heart rate?
120, 122, 125 bpm
Calculate the age-predicted max heart rate for a 37 year old woman using the equation: APMHR = 207 - (0.7*age). (round to the nearest bpm)
181 bpm
When measuring blood pressure during exercise, it is best to raise cuff pressure to...
200-220 mmHg
The Bruce protocol increases _______ METS per stage.
3
The stages in the Bruce protocol last _______ minutes.
3
At rest, ________ ml/kg/min of oxygen is being consumed.
3.5
What is average VO2 at rest, and what measure does this correspond to?
3.5ml of oxygen/kg/min, this corresponds to 1MET
The test phase of the Wingate lasts ____________ seconds.
30
What is the biggest limitation of the 30-second Wingate test?
30 seconds is too short a duration to tax the full anaerobic system (only depletes Phosphagen system, not Anaerobic Glycolysis)
Billy (5'9", 215 lbs) comes to you for a fitness assessment. The first thing you calculate is his BMI and class as ________________. (round all calculations to the nearest 2 decimal places)
31.83, Class 1 Obese
John (age 20, 175 lbs) completes the YMCA submax cycling test. His maximal work rate was estimated to be 1500 kpm. What would his estimated VO2max be? (round to the nearest two decimal places)
40.94 mL/kg/min
What degree of knee flexion should a client achieve when their leg is in the pedal-down position?
5-10 degrees
Normal resting heart rate is between...
60 to 100 bpm
What is considered a normal RHR?
60-100 bpm
Tachycardia is a heart rate of...
>100 bpm
One objective VO2 max criteria is if the person's Rating of Perceived Exertion is ________.
>17
All of the following are assumptions for submax testing, except...
A linear relationship exists between heart rate and blood pressure.
Anaerobic capacity is dependent on...
ATP replenishment
The Vertical Jump test is testing which energy system?
ATP-PC
Which of the following are steps in the Vertical Jump Test? (select all the apply)
Adjust Vertec to highest reachable position, Repeat for a total of 3 trials per participant, Hit the highest reachable vane on the Vertec, Perform a stationary counter jump movement
The scientific principle regarding the determination of the density of an object based upon the volume of water it displaces is known as "_____________ principle".
Archimedes'
An assumption of sub-maximal exercise testing is that mechanical efficiency is same for all participants in study. Which of the following demonstrates the weakness of this assumption?
Arthritis increases joint resistance, which reduces effort and validity
Which of the following is not a practical reason(s) to test cardiorespiratory fitness? (select all that apply)
As a means of interpersonal competition
Oxygen consumption is determined from the following, except:
Blood pressure
Match the body composition measure to the method by which it determines body composition. Plethysmography/BodPod
Body density based on air displacement
Match the body composition measure to the method by which it determines body composition. Hydrostatic/Underwater Weighing
Body density based on water displacement
Which of the following conditions concerning body fat can be detrimental to health and increase the risk for multiple diseases/conditions?
Both Exceptionally High and Low Body Fat
Which of the following is pulmonary ventilation?
Breathing
Match the body composition measure to the method by which it determines body composition. Skinfolds
Calculated body density based on thickness of subcutaneous fat
Is RER (respiratory exchange ratio) higher for metabolism of fats or carbs?
Carbs
Which of the following body composition measurements gives us a three compartment model of body tissues?
DEXA
____________ technique uses the known differences in x-ray absorption between different tissue types to accurately measure fat mass, lean mass, and bone mass.
DEXA
A factor that can affect maximal heart rate:
Damage to heart or neural circuits
You need to test Susan's VO2max and elect to use the YMCA cycling procedure to do so. However, Susan is taking beta-blockers which will affect her HR response to exercise. What should your next step be to allow the test to proceed in the safest manner possible?
Do not conduct test until after consulting with her physician.
Bobby and Eric are both doing the vertical jump test. They both wind up with the same jump heights of 22 in. However, Bobby weighs in at 155 lbs while Eric weighs 200 lbs. Whose vertical jump translates to a greater calculated Power value?
Eric
How often should blood pressure be taken during the Bruce protocol?
Every 3 minutes
Abnormal causes of tachycardia include all of the following except...
Exercising
Bio-energetically, higher power is achieved by...
Expending ATP at a faster rate
An advantage of a maximal exercise test is that it requires subjects to exercise to volitional fatigue.
False
Anaerobic (fast) Glycolysis energy system can burn energy the fastest.
False
Body Mass Index (BMI) is an accurate surrogate for body composition.
False
Diastolic blood pressure is the force exerted on arterial walls during peak ventricular contraction
False
Diastolic blood pressure should increase with exercise
False
Long-term high-intensity training does not influence the age-related decline in max heart rate.
False
When performing skinfolds, one should take all measurements at a single location before moving on to the next site.
False
After completing a submaximal aerobic test, Halle (a 34-year-old female) has an estimated VO2max of 37mL/kg/min. Per normative values, what would you conclude her fitness status to be?
Good (60-79th percentile)
The YMCA submaximal test utilizes the concept that _____________ progress linearly as intensity increases.
HR and VO2
Match the body composition measure to the method by which it determines body composition. DEXA
Known tissue absorption rates of x-rays to determine densities
When you're taking blood pressure, the "thump" sounds that you hear and use to indicate SBP and DBP are called _____________.
Korotkoff sounds
An assumption of sub-maximal exercise testing is that a(n) __________ relationship exists between heart rate and VO2.
Linear
Which of the following is not a reason to normalize Power values to body weight/mass? (select all that apply)
Lower numbers are easier to record and keep track of, Allows for fairer comparison between genders, It serves no purpose; it's just an extra calculation for the sake of presenting data differently
Which of the following statements accurately convey the trade-offs between max and submax aerobic tests? (select all that apply)
Max tests can be more difficult to conduct than submax tests as they are more likely to require specialized equipment, Submax tests are less intense than max tests but can only estimate VO2max rather than directly measure, Submax tests may be better for general/clinical populations because a max test may be too intense and not elicit a "true" maximal outcome.
Billy is 12 years old. His school just finished doing the PACER test in gym class this week. Billy was only able to complete 15 laps on the test. Per FITNESSGRAM's Healthy Fitness Zones, would Billy be considered "healthy" at his age?
No
The following are guidelines which individuals who are about to have their body composition measured ought to follow in order to ensure an accurate and reliable measure except ________________.
No medication within 24 hrs prior to the test
LeBron James is 6'9" tall and weighs 250 lbs. Select the option which has his correct BMI classification and whether it would be a good indicator of body composition for him.
Overweight; not a good indicator of body composition
What are some factors we can look for to give us an idea that our participant has actually reached their VO2max?
Plateau in VO2, RER > 1.15, Max heart rate achieved, Blood lactate > 8mmol/L, and RPE of > 17
Which of the following is not a determinant of VO2max?
RER
Vital capacity reflects the sum of all of the lung volume measures, except which one?
Residual volume, because this is the amount of air left in your lungs that you cannot expire to prevent alveoli collapse
Match the body composition measure to the method by which it determines body composition. BIA
Resistance to an electrical current using the human body to close the circuit
Hypotension is defined as...
SBP < 110 mmHg OR DPB < 80 mmHg
Hypertension is defined as...
SBP ≥ 140 mmHg OR DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
Which of the following is true regarding body composition measurements?
Skinfold testing assumes that subcutaneous fat is proportional to total body fat
Which of the following body composition measuring techniques is the most widely available to peoples in gym, clinical, or training settings? (select all that apply)
Skinfolds and BIA
Resting Heart Rate is defined as...
The minimal heart rate frequency a person can achieve
What is the relationship between number of carbons in an energy-storing molecule and the amount of oxygens required to metabolize it?
The more carbons in the molecule, the more oxygen it takes to metabolize it
Why should you generally leave 3-5 min between bouts in any test which measures Anaerobic Power? (think physiologically)
To leave time for the Phosphagen (ATP-PC) system to replenish its ATP stores
Which of the following are the correct pinch sites for a 3-site skinfold measurement on a woman?
Triceps; Suprailiac; Thigh
1 MET = Metabolic Equivalent at rest
True
A disadvantage of submaximal exercise tests is that the results are not as accurate compared to maximal exercise testing.
True
An advantage of a submax test is that it is low risk
True
For the YMCA submax test, the steady state HR of the first stage determines resistances of following stages
True
(A-V) O2 is the amount of oxygen absorbed by __________.
Working tissues
Which of the following reflects the amount of oxygen taken up by the tissues?
a-V O2 difference
During physical activity energy comes from...
aerobic and anaerobic pathways
Visceral fat mass - which correlates with increased risk of CVD and diabetes - is generally expressed as fat mass located where?
around the midsection/waist area
All of the following activities are utilizing mainly anaerobic systems, except:
cross country skiing
If Sally has a blood pressure of 121/79, she is considered to have _________
elevated blood pressure
Fatigue index is a measure of
energy system depletion
BMI is a numerical stratification of health based on the ratio of ____________ & _____________.
height and weight
In the Vertical Jump Test, Higher displacement means
higher power
Excess body fat increases the risk for each of the following conditions except ______________.
increased HDL cholesterol
Measuring blood pressure during exercise, you should do all of the following except...
let the subject hold on to equipment with their arm
Capacity ________ power.
limits
How should heart rate react under sympathetic control?
linear
When calculating power, the average value is the ________ power output.
mean
What is the main solvent of the circulatory system?
plasma
______________ technique uses the measured thickness of subcutaneous fat to estimate total body fat.
skinfolds
The routing of blood flow to exercising muscles is achieved by...
sympathetic vasoconstriction and nitric oxide vasodilation
Mean anaerobic power is
the average power sustained throughout the 30-second period
Peak Anaerobic power is
the highest mechanical power elicited during the test
Limitations on capacity occur when...
the rate of ATP expenditure exceeds ATP production
Which of the following factors will not directly affect the calculation of or data collection procedures for body composition?
time of day, hydrations status, and body size
Which of the following is NOT commonly measured when assessing body composition?
total body water
ATP-PC energy system can burn energy the fastest.
true
Heart rate increases due to decreased parasympathetic control and then an increase in sympathetic control.
true
Neural inputs affect heart rate
true
