Final for Ed Psych

During the 2011-2012 school year, what percentage of students with disabilities spent most of their school time in the general education classroom?

60%

nearly 16 million or 22% of children in America live in poverty. About how many of these children live in extreme poverty?

7 million

which researcher is most closely associated with operant conditioning

B.F. Skinner

Which of the following theorists is most closely associated with social cognitive theory?

Bandura

Which of the following children has most likely reached the concrete operational stage of cognitive development according to Piaget's four stages?

Cori places the six colorful containers in order of size from smallest to largest

Mr. Hernandez has accepted a teaching job in a new district. In his interview, he learned that he will be evaluated on 22 components of knowledge and skills in four domains of teaching responsibilities. Which of the following models of good teaching is most likely being used in his district's teacher evaluation system?

Danielson's framework for teaching

what is an example of scaffolding

Dr. Durham showed a video of the battle of the Bulge following a WWII class discussion and note-taking

punishment is often ineffective. Based on studies about the use of punishment, why is it typically ineffective?

It fails to teach children what to do in place of the behavior being punished.

Which researcher is most closely associated with classical conditioning

Ivan pavlov

among the early psychologist in this country, which leader is respected as the father of the progressive education movement?

John Dewey

mr. zimmer wants to discourage Mario's disruptive behavior. Mario often drums his pencil on his desk while Mr. Zimmer is reading aloud to the class. Based on social cognitive theory, which of the following is most likely to help Mr. Zimmer reach his goal?

Let Mario see Mr. Zimmer punish Mario's friend Carlos when Carlos makes disruptive noises.

Each of the following children is undergoing change. Which change is NOT defined as developmental?

Mark is walking carefully on one foot while his sprained ankle heals.

which teacher comments appear to be most related to educational psychology?

Should order of operations be taught before students learn to solve equations?

Which theorist or group of theorists promoted the idea that knowledge is co-constructed during social interactions?

Vygotsky

Who founded the field of psychology in 1890?

William James

Learning causes change. Which of the following examples of change illustrates learning?

a child burned his hands on the iron last week and now stays away from the iron

Bryson was three when his neighbor's house burned down. He heard the loud sirens and saw the fire and trembled with fear. Now he's starting preschool. He hears the loud bell ring and associates it with the fire and fire trucks and begins to tremble. In this setting, the sound of the bell is:

a conditioned stimulus

Mr. Grant is a reflective teacher who is always trying to improve his teaching practices to increase student learning. He has conducted several research projects and changed teaching strategies on the basis of the results. In his latest reflections, he predicted that his low-achieving students would complete their spelling tasks in less time and score higher on spelling tests if he began using a buddy system. In the research cycle, Mr. Grant has developed:

a hypothesis

my wife, son, and I attended a performance of Miss Saigon at the Peace Center on Friday past. If we paid for the lowest priced tickets, we would be seated further from the stage than those who paid for a higher priced ticket. What type of correlation would paying a lower priced and being further from the stage suggest?

a negative correlation

Timothy is six years old and has always lived on a farm. He rides the bus to school each day. During summer vacation, he visited his Aunt Helen in New York City. She took Timothy to the train station for a ride. Timothy asked where all those "buses" were going. Aunt Helen told Timothy that those were trains, that they carried more people than buses, that they traveled faster than buses, and that they moved along train tracks. Timothy adjusted his schema to include this new information about trains. This is an example of

accommodation

According to No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2002, which students were required to reach proficiency and meet adequate yearly performance goals?

all students

empirical means

based on data and evidence

Which of the following procedures is most closely associated with cognitive behavior modification?

change of behavior through self-talk

Mr. Carson wants his students to enjoy math. In order to help students associate mat with pleasant thoughts, he introduces new manipulative at the math center each week to help students solve math problems. Often the manipulative involve edible snacks such as M&Ms and Skittles. Mr. Carson's approach is an example of:

classical conditioning

Which of the following yields more effective results based on effective instruction delivery (EID) research?

clear and specific instruction

which correlation shows causation (cause and effect)?

community wealth and size of houses

Sherita is now grasping the concept of conservation. She is most likely in what stage of development?

concrete operational

Mrs. Delany wants her students to learn to start their seat assignment and stop talking when the second morning bell rings. By pairing this stimulus-response sequence, Mrs. Delany is applying which of the following principles of learning

contiguity

When teachers want to influence students to develop self-regulation and efficacy for learning, they should do all of the following EXCEPT:

design basic tasks that address a single goal, incorporate one step at a time, and are completed in a short time

south Carolina teachers who are new to the profession are evaluated using an evaluation instrument called ADEPT (also referred to as SAFE-T or SC 4.0). When are new teachers evaluated with this instrument and by whom?

during their second year of teaching by 3 observers

Lisa is trying to finish reading and studying a biology chapter; she is struggling to complete the assignment. What is an example of self reward.

eating a piece of her favorite candy after completing the chapter

Miranda missed the class period when her teacher introduced the steps for analyzing speech. During class students practiced the skill and got feedback from the teacher to help them perform the skill with competence. Now Miranda needs to teach herself and needs to catch up with the rest of the class. This self-regulated learning will involve all of the following factors EXCEPT:

efficacy

Mrs. Bollar created four centers in her classroom that related to sea life. Children accessed books, photographs, charts and posters, computer programs, mini-movies, and models. At the end of the unit, the students visited an aquarium. What type of synaptic production takes place as a child accesses such a rich learning environment?

experience-dependent

self-efficacy and self-esteem are the same

false

Experienced teachers often ask several of the following questions as they teach. Which question is most likely to be the metacognitive concern of a beginning teacher?

how well did I handle that disruptive behavior

Ian is a student in Mr. Duncan's ninth grade class. When Mr. Dumas announces that there will be a science test. He didn't do well on the previous test, and he struggles with the concepts in this chapter about natural selection. Ian's doubt about his ability to do well on the science test is representative of his:

low self-efficacy

Mr. Benet gives his students an assignment that prepares them for their upcoming debate. The assignment involves the analysis of divergent perspectives on the issue, development of arguments to support the diverse perspectives, and efficient recall of resources and persuasive points during the debate. What part or parts of the brain are most likely functioning to complete this assignment effectively?

many parts working simultaneously

Mr. Jones told his class that if they all made an "A" on their test, then they would not have homework on Monday night. This is an example of

negative reinforcement

What part of the brain has the information processing capacity of a small computer?

neuron

the people being studied in an experiment are called

participants

Jaden has dylexsia and withdraws from her group when the task involves oral reading. When her teacher realizes the function of this behavior, she tells Jaden to ask one of the other students to read in her place. This intervention allows Jaden to skip the oral reading without withdrawing from her group. This type of intervention is called

positive behavior support

Mason grew one inch between sixth grade and seventh grade. What type of developmental change is this?

quantitative

Mrs. Hernandez wants to help her fourth grade students improve their performance and increase their self-efficacy for conveying emotion in their personal narrative writing. With this goal in mind, she is most likely to:

set short-term goals related to the task

Estefan has problems with penmanship. His fine motor skills are not well developed and Mrs. Finch believes that he will never perform well enough to gain reinforcement. Mrs. Finch breaks the task of forming letters with long stems into small steps. First, she expects Estefan to make straight stems. She will reinforce his efforts when he makes straight stems on his writing assignment. In this case, she is using:

shaping

Albert bandura would be best associated with

social cognitive psychology

Logan often gets our of his seat in the classroom. His buddy, Wade, has noticed a pattern. Any time the teacher leaves the room, Logan gets our of his seat. When the teacher returns, she reprimands Logan. What is the antecedent of Logan's behavior?

the teacher leaves the room.

As a new teacher, you are eager to meet your 18 students. You are interested in the ethnic and cultural diversity of your students and their range of abilities and needs. If the diversity among your students matches national statistical norms, how many children will you have with mild to severe developmental disabilities?

three

Dr. Knighton informs his EDU 211 class that they are having a quiz on cluster 7 on Thursday. Which is an example of his cueing and prompting?

"First, remember to read Cluster 7 in the text and note the terminology. Here is a listing of the terminology that you need to know."

Which is the correct way to praise a student?

"I noticed that you double-checked all your problems; your score reflects your careful work!"

Which statement would be associated with a teacher's sense of self-efficacy after seeing his/her list of students for the year?

"There will be challenges, but I am up to the task!"

Which of the following posters is most likely to promote cognitive behavior modification?

"does this make sense?"

A teacher's sense of self efficacy is best illustrated in which statement?

"there will be challenges, but I am up to the challenge."

Which of the following indicates a correct range of correlations?

1 to -1

Educational physiologist talk about 5 possible outcomes of observational learning. Which of the following scenarios most directly illustrates one of the outcomes?

Alena read a true story about girls in Africa who are not allowed to go to school, and she developed anger toward the girl's culture.

The principal at Midway Elementary School held a meeting in which he reminded teachers to create learning environments that represent constructivist perspectives. Which of the following environments is LEAST likely to meet the principal's expectations? Correct!

Another teacher puts his notes on PowerPoint and lectures from them to help students take precise notes that capture the content without misunderstandings.

cerebellum

Balance and coordination

"High horse power, poor steering," is a common phrase describing adolescent brain maturity. Which of the following behaviors best illustrates the meaning behind this saying?

Brokerick had never skipped class before, but decided it was worth skipping to spend the day on the lake with two buddies

In the following learning situations, which one is described in a way that illustrates a cognitive view of learning?

Carla listened carefully to the lesson about fractions and remembered learning similar information about time signature in her piano lesson.

Dominique is one of Dr. d'Franco's students. He is working on conjugating the French verb "acheter". He recites a conjugation but thinks it doesn't sound "right". He checks the textbook and realizes he is conjugating the verb incorrectly. After studying for a bit, he recites the verb again and gets the conjugation correct . What type of knowledge does he demonstrate as he decides on the correct conjugation?

Conditional Knowledge

Which of the following students is most likely to have the highest motivation to achieve?

Conner overestimates his ability to bat left-handed, but his self-efficacy is high and he is optimistic about helping his team win.

According to cognitive science, which conditions are most likely to result in deep learning?

Corey reflected on his new thought about applying the mathematical principle he just learned and realized that he will use it again.

Which of the following middle school students is using the element of working memory known as the phonological loop to hold information?

Darrin is working with his partner to create harmony on a new piece for band.

Delano is engaged in the following activities. Which of the activities illustrates conservation?

Delano poured paint from the gallon bucket into his paint pan and realized it's the same amount of paint, but looks like less.

Logan recently completed a comparison of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. He recalled major historical figures of each time frame, the influence of the Church, living conditions of the common people, and the major inventions of each period. Such a project requires deep processing skills across two time periods as well as skills from other coursework. What kind of cognitive load is required for him to complete this project successfully

Germane

During the standardized test, which student demonstrates implicit long-term memory?

Haley's hand shakes as she begins the test, just like her hand shook when she took the SAT

The preschool children in Ms. Anderson's class love to use technology—everything from computers to smartphones and tablets. Parents of several children talk with pride about their child's techno savvy skills. Based on studies about the use of technology with young children, which parents boast about technology use that is NOT good for the child?

Jazz's parents talk about the way she can sit for hours by herself and do the drill-and-practice program about numbers

Rosanna Danna rushes through her spelling assignments and her seat work. She likes to finish first and read, but she makes careless mistakes and turns in incomplete work. Her teacher has tried several strategies that have not worked with Rosanna Danna. Now she plans to use applied behavior analysis. She tells Rosanna Danna that the goal is for her to complete the seat work with fewer that 3 errors and no incompletions. She tells Rosanna Danna she will give her a toke teach time she meets the goal. If she achieves five tokens in a week, she will choose a reward from the treasure chest. Now what does the teacher need to do?

Keep a record of her results and modify the plan if necessary

Based on the information provided in the following descriptions of four teachers, which of them most likely has the highest sense of efficacy about teaching?

Mr. Gimenez has worked with a small group of English learners and helped them raise their reading level from grade 2 to 4.

Which of the following teachers incorporates one or more of the common elements of constructivist student-centered teaching?

Mrs. Kim's math center has containers with colored beads, building blocks, and play money for children to use when they solve tasks together.

Which of the following teachers is most likely to encourage emotional self-regulation in the classroom?

Ms. Travis avoids listening to Melba's tattle tales about a classmate during a group activity and encourages Melba to focus on performing her role in the group.

The following situations exhibit different aspects of social and emotional skill that contribute to an individuals emotional self-regulation. Which of these students most closely demonstrates social awareness?

Nikki read about a family who lost everything in a fire, and she told her parents she wanted to get a new backpack for the little girl in that family.

Roberta is completing a project in which she must compare Roosevelt and Churchill, identifying similarities and differences in their leadership styles. What type of memory does she need to use to complete this task?

Semantic

In the following classrooms, which teacher's lesson plan is most likely to result in deep learning?

The teacher opens the lesson with a review of prior learning that connects the learning in the new unit to material learned earlier.

Dr. Durham's students are working in groups. George, a student in one group, makes the following comment. Which comment is an example of an episodic memory?

This is like the time we came up with a skit for Professor Homer in EDU 216 and we all misunderstood the assignment."

Mr. Hester uses cooperative group activities every week in his middle school language arts classes. He believes that the social interactions involved in such activities shape students' learning. Which of the following theorists most likely influenced Mr. Hester's thinking?

Vygotsky

Which noted educational theorist's ideas are considered "second wave" constructivism?

Vygotsky

Tye got behind in physics after his basketball injury. He talked to his physics teacher and worked out a plan to get tutoring from the lab assistant. The tutor helped Tye catch up on understanding of concepts and also guided him through the experiments in the lab. Tye's approach to learning in this situation is an example of:

a cognitive apprenticeship

Dr. Knighton has written, critiqued, and graded scores of lesson plans during his career in education. He remarks that he could practically write a lesson plan in his sleep! He follows the same procedure each time that he writes a lesson plan. What kind of memory is Dr. Knighton using to write a lesson plan?

a script

Rolando's dad gave him a GI haircut last night even though Rolando violently protested. Rolando walks into class ten minutes late with a stocking cap covering the "butchered" haircut given him by his father. He feels that all eyes were on him, wondering why he's wearing a stocking cap. His thinking can best be described as:

adolescent egocentrism

Jimar is a six-year-old African American boy who wants to learn how to dribble a basketball and do it so well that his eight-year-old brother can't steal the ball from him when he runs up the driveway to shoot a basket. Observational learning is a good way for him to begin to reach his goal. Which of the following people is probable the best model for him?

an African American high school boy who plays basketball better than other kids in the neighborhood.

which is an example of a case study

an investigation of the effectiveness of school boards in different states

Haley confuses the words there, they're, and their in her writing. As Mr. Morrow monitors students during writing assignments, he often catches Haley's incorrect use of these words. If he wants to implement a system of positive practice, what will he do?

as soon as Mr. Morrow sees the mistake, he will tell Haley to use the correct spelling orally and then immediately change her paper to write it correctly.

Ben went to the zoo with his first grade class. At the zoo, he saw alligators for the first time. He had never even seen pictures of alligators, but called them big-mouthed snakes. What basic tendency of thinking is Ben using?

assimilation

Which noted educational theorist conducted the Bobo Doll experiment

bandura

Dr. Butler is trying to read a student's essay, but the handwriting is really small and the spacing between words makes them difficult to read. He can figure out the meaning of some of the words but is guessing at the others. What type of processing is Dr. Butler using?

bottom-up processing

brain stem

breathing, heart rate, temperature

Which noted educational theorist believed that we go though the following three stages of development: enactive representation, iconic representation, and symbolic representation?

bruner

As a typical teen, Christophe spends more than 60 minutes a day on the Internet. He checks social media and Googles to find information for school. He gets distracted by links within sites and ads in the margins. As he multitasks, he follows links posted by friends and moves from one site to another. He often forgets what he reads when he skims so many different sites. This type of Internet searching often leads to:

butterfly effect

What is the "take away" or the lesson learned from the Bobo Doll experiment?

children learn through observing adults

Teachers often assign roles for students to perform in their cooperative groups. Which role is typically responsible for explaining concepts and helping the group understand academic content

coach

Mr. Joseph believes that students need to learn to respect one another and build skills that will help them relate to others throughout life. In general, what kind of assignments will help his students gain these skills?

collaborative group assignments

Thomass has a massive educational psychology exam on six chapters in three weeks. He has lots of terminology to memorize and just a few weeks before the exam. He plans to review/memorize about ten pages each night, but must be sure he has reviewed the first two chapters by the end of the first week. What method of memorization is Thomass using?

distributed practice

Mr. Joseph wants his students to remember the material they are covering in classroom management. They will need the information in units of study throughout their teaching career. To support their learning, he creates diagrams on chart paper and posts them on the wall for students to see. He provides a handout with printed instruction and explains the material as students look at their handouts. What is Mr. Joseph using to help students learn and store the information and retrieve it later?

dual coding

A child listens to the sound of the letter k and watches the teacher write the letter k on the chart paper. Then the teacher tells the child to recall the character in yesterday's story who has a name that begins with the sound made by the letter k. What element or process of working memory is being used?

episodic buffer

the act of searching for balance is referred to as

equilibration

Constructivism is best described as a theory of learning

false

Working memory is virtually limitless

false

Mr. LeDoux is gathering information about the perpetual misbehavior of Reid in French class. He recorded the antecedent of the behavior in several instances and the consequences following the behavior. He is trying to understand why Reid repeats the negative behavior. What process is Mr. LeDoux using?

functional behavioral assessment (FBA)

Mr. Tumnus is a new fourth grade teacher. In the third week of school, he is introducing a new science unit that includes several words that will probably be new to most of the students. The unit involves extensive declarative knowledge, and Mr. Tumnus has chunked the information into small segments that his students can grasp. Now he is in the classroom and ready to begin the introduction with the students. What is the first thing he must do in order to meet his goal of helping students learn?

gain students' attention

These provide a fatty coating around the neurons and make the transmission of electrical impulses faster:

glial cells

temporal lobe

hearing, learning, feelings

What types of problems do students confront in problem-based learning?

ill-structured problems

In science class, the teacher provided the following question, "Can photosynthetic plants live without sunlight?" The teacher facilitated the process as students planted seeds, provided water and sunlight, and watched them grow. Now they are formulating hypotheses about the teacher's question, denying sunlight to their plants and collecting data day by day. At this point they are ready to discuss their evidence and draw conclusions. What teaching approach is being used in this classroom?

inquiry learning

You are teaching a unit that includes a large amount of information the students need to understand. The material is not complex, but students should have working knowledge and be able to apply it in future lessons. Rather than lecturing to present the information, you want to use some form of cooperative learning for students to encounter the information. Which of the following strategies fits your goal in this situation? Correct!

jigsaw learning

parietal lobe

language and touch

Constructivist theories of learning usually agree on two central ideas. One central idea states that social interactions are important in the process of constructing knowledge. What is the other central idea?

learners are active in construction their own knowledge.

Agnes is having a difficult time remembering the spaces on the treble clef. Her piano teacher reminds Agnes that the notes can be remembered by thinking of FACE. What process is the piano teacher suggesting that Agnes use to remember the treble clef spaces?

mnemonic technique of creating an acronym

Andre heard her mother speak French at home from the time he was born. His step-brother never heard French as a baby or as a child. As Andre grows up, he is more likely than his step-brother to produce native sounds in French. This illustrates which of the three ongoing debates surrounding development?

nature versus nurture

The ability of the brain to change throughout a person's life is referred to as

neuroplasticity

Nick is doing his sixth grade homework in history; his parents are both working and no one is home at this time besides Nick. The task requires him to make two maps of his state and compare the two maps. One map represents the state in 1850 and the other represents the state in current times. Even though Nick has worked hard at the task and followed the instructions, he is frustrated, ends up tearing up his work, and doesn't attempt to complete the assignment. Which of the following terms best describes the relationship of this assignment to Nick's level of performance?

outside his zone of proximal development

Mrs. Carson wants her students to learn how to summarize as they read. She models the behaviors for the students and talks about each step she uses to summarize part of a story. For Mrs. Carson's students to begin to learn by observing her modeling, what elements of observational learning do they need to exhibit.

pay attention and remember the process

Six-year-old ana saw her big brother take cookies from the cookie jar without permission. He didn't get caught or scolded. Ana decided she wanted cookies too and copied her brother's behavior. The children's mother has told them to ask before getting cookies, but they took cookies without asking. Based on triarchic reciprocal causality, what three kinds of influences are working together to explain Ana's behavior?

personal, enviornmental, and behavioral

Dr. Penland is grouping her fifth-grade students for a cooperative learning project that will span class periods for two weeks. She has 5 groups of four plus one group of three. She balanced the number of boys and girls in the groups and made sure the students who are perceived by their peers to be different were placed in a group together. What does she need to change about her groups?

place a student who is different in a group with a students who is tolerant

making an "a" on an exam that you studied hard for is

positive reinforcement

Amanda habitually blurted out answers to questions during class discussion. Mr. Harvard repeatedly called Amanda by name and told her to wait her turn, but Amanda repeated her behavior day after day. Mr. Harvard finally realized that his strategy was not working. He thought he was using a formal punishment, but his strategy turned out to be:

positive reinforcement of the behavior

Rolo has melt-downs whenever Mrs. Long confronts him about staying in his seat during independent activities. Mrs. Long decides to video on of Rolo's "performances" and send it to his mother (who does not believe that he would do such a thing, because he never does it at home!) Mrs. Long's method is an example of

presentation punishment

Students in Dr. Durham's class are generating ideas about ways to deal with the limited resources for the homeless high school students in their area. They are consulting a variety of resources and experts to represent multiple perspectives on the topic. They want their conclusions to be plausible and plan to invite the mayor to give feedback about their ideas. So as not to influence students' thinking, Dr. Durham provides only support and does not provide any information. What approach is Dr. Durham using in this setting?

problem-used learning

Devon is learning the steps to use when he accesses the secure website to look up assignments, receive messages from his teacher, and check his grades. What kind of knowledge is he using?

procedural

one requirement of the NCLB Act of 2002 was that educational programs and practices receiving federal money must be considered "scientifically based research." therefore, what kind of research would this require?

quantitative research

Ms. Moreno works with students at the upper elementary school level who are struggling to comprehend what they read in the content areas. Today, a group of her students is reading a passage in geography. After reading, one student pretends to be the teacher and asks the other three to summarize the passage. Next, the students generate questions to ask one another about the main idea. Then they clarify anything that was confusing and make predictions about what they will learn in the next section of the text. What procedure are these students using?

reciprocal teaching

Mary Grayce took three years of French in high school and could conjugate verbs "up a storm". She is now in her second year at university and is struggling to remember the French verb conjugation of "courir". Mary Grayce knows that in order to perform well in French class, she must be able to recall verb conjugations. She is using

reconstruction retrieval

Students in Mr. Morrow's sixth grade math class have provided math tutoring for students in the second grade. They conducted this service learning project for four weeks to use their math skills and meet needs of struggling young students. What additional learning activity must be involved for this project to exhibit the characteristics of service learning?

reflect and write about the service experience

When the teacher blows the whistle signaling the end of recess, Jermaine angrily throws the football at the building breaking a window. As a result, Jermaine is not allowed to play football for the rest of the month. This is an example of

response cost

Ms. Moreno uses observation learning effectively in her fifth grade classroom. She most likely does all of the following EXCEPT:

reward students privately for their positive behaviors

Mr. Reese conducted a concept lesson in math and assigned a challenging task. He expected some of his students to grasp the concept and complete the task with moderate effort, but he knew other students would not. He monitored their progress, stopping to ask prompting questions or drop hints to help students connect prior learning with this new concept. Mr. Reese was providing:

scaffolding

Skye got into a habit of watching TV and using social media to keep up with all her friends before starting homework. She was embarrassed when she turned in an incomplete history paper and fell asleep during science class last week. She set a goal of doing her homework as soon as she gets home from school every day. What system is most likely to help her change her behavior?

self-management

As he and his dad drove home from Bi-Lo, Wills smelled the pungent odor of a skunk that had been killed in the highway. What memory system is at work as Wills processes this stimulus?

sensory

In conjunction with a unit on environmentalism, students in Dr. Walworth's class placed recycle bins in three locations in the College of Education. They collect the recycled goods and take them to the recycling center every Friday after school. This is an example of:

service learning

In the self-regulated learning model (the cycle of self-regulated learning, Winne and Hadwin model), what stage follows the stage of analyzing the learning task?

set goals and devise plans

A few days ago, Mr. McKay worked with students to develop a rubric for assessing their projects in the historical fiction unit. The class has worked on the unit for more than a week, and students know the expectations for they projects. Today Mr. McKay paired students to work together and review their work using the rubric as a guide. This scenario is an example of:

shared regulation

occipital lobe

sight

Vicarious perspective on learning are represented in the diverse views and theories that form the four pillars for teaching: behavioral, cognitive, constructivist, and social cognitive. Which perspective views the teacher's role as sone of a model motivator, and facilitator of learning as well as model of self-regulated learning

social cognitive.

Roberta has a hard time relating to other students. She is very independent but wants to have friends. She has tried to carry on conversations about the science concepts that interest her and information she learned from her dad who is a aerospace engineer. She's trying to branch out and watch a TV show some of the students like so she can discuss it with them at school tomorrow. What kind of development is involved in Rachel's experiences?

social development

Identify the most controversial behavioral method used in schools:

social isolation

The students in Dr. Homer's class are working on a project in which their collaborative groups take different positions on oil prices as they relate to the world economy. They conduct research and discuss ideas that support their positions. After each group presents its position and defense, the entire class discusses pros and cons of proposed positions. These students are involved in:

social negotiation

Ms. Porter is the favorite teacher of tenth grader Alejandro. During today's writing assignment, she reminds him how well he did on the previous essay and helps him set goals for each step of the new writing task. She assures him that he can succeed with this essay. This is an example of:

social persuasion

According to Piaget, three factors interact to influence cognitive development. Two of the factors are maturation and acting on the environment. What is the third factor?

social transmission

Brooks is working on his presentation for English class. He finished his rough draft and sent it to the printer. His printer only printed the first page and signaled that it was out of paper. Brooks decided to make a list of what he needed to get at Walmart besides printer paper. Then, he realized that his route to Walmart takes him past his girlfriend's house. He thinks about stopping for a minute, but then remembers that he borrowed a tool from her dad. He needs to return the tool. This type of memory retrieval is:

spreading activation

a bank robber is speeding through town during a get away but slows down so as not to hit an old lady walking her do. This is an example of

stimulus control

All of Mr. Barclay's evaluation practices are likely to support self-regulated learning EXCEPT:

students take a unit exam that includes multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, and essay questions

Nadia has high self-efficacy for completing her assignments and making good grades in German class. All of the following likely contribute to her self-efficacy in German class EXCEPT:

taking first place in a painting contest.

Piaget and Vygotsky disagreed on all of the following EXCEPT:

teachers are guides for facilitators

When professor Joseph's EDU 111 students asked him to allow them to get into groups and talk about the upcoming book even with Hope and Wade King rather than discussing the chapter, Professor Joseph said, "I'm going to invoke the Premack principle." What did he most likely do?

tell students they must discuss the chapter first and then get into groups to talk about this book event

Based on assumptions of the learning sciences, learning comes from:

the learner

Joanne doesn't have time to make a grocery list, and besides--she thinks that her memory is so good that she doesn't need a list! To remember what she needs, she visualizes various items in rooms of her apartment: orange juice sitting on the breakfast table, cereal tipped over by the cat and spilling onto the floor, and peanut butter sitting on the counter top. What method is Joanne using to remember the groceries that she needs?

the loci method

What facts about brain development during adolescence explain their risk-taking impulsivity?

the prefrontal lobe develops more slowly than the limbic system.

If Gwynne wants to use maintenance rehearsal to keep information in working memory, which of the following will she do?

the tracking number is 2680 5589, 2680 5589, 2680 5589.

frontal lobe

thinking, memory, behavior, movement

Ms. Angelo provided support students needed to get started on a multifaceted assignment. She circulated, answering questions, making suggestions, and encouraging students to review the instructions. On the second day, she monitored students as they continued to work on the project. Now, she is certain that everyone is on the right track. At this point, what level of scaffolding is appropriate?

transfer of responsibilities to students

Declarative knowledge is a type of explicit memory

true

Gambling is resistant to extinction

true

exemplars are actual memories of specific object or events

true

grit is usually associated with determination and persistance

true

intrinsic cognitive load is unavoidable

true

all of the following are associated with qualitative reattach EXCEPT:

uses numbers, measurements, and statistics,

which reinforcement schedule is most associated with a Vegas slot machine either "paying off" or "not paying off"

variable ratio

Drucilla is learning to stay in her seat and work on her language arts tasks without talking to friends around her. She has been working on this new behavior for a week. During the first week, Ms. Kalani reinforces Drucilla every time she completes one of the tasks without talking. Now Ms. Kalani wants to use the reinforcement schedule will be mot effective in meeting her goal?

variable-ratio schedule

Staci stopped running in the hallway at school after seeing two other students receive after-school detention for running. What element of observational learning is illustrated by her stopping this behavior?

vicarious reinforcement

Alan's art project is due tomorrow. He and all other fifth graders in his school have the opportunity to submit drawings, and one of them will be chosen as the yearbook cover. Alan loves to draw and wants his picture to be chosen. He knows his idea is good and that he has the drawing skills to submit one of the best drawings, but he keeps playing his video games. What is lacking in Alan's case?

volition

Three questions surrounding development pose continuing debate among researchers and theorists. Which of the following is NOT one of those questions?

what is the shape of development?

volition is oftentimes associated with

will power

Katie was watching a movie and heard the main character say, "You only use 10% of your brain, and you're either right-brained or left-brained. Stop working at it. Your brain can't change. Drink up. At least we know your drinking isn't killing your brain cells." What part of the character's statement is true?

your drinking isn't killing your brain cells.