FINAL Substance Abuse
Birth defects caused by a mothers excessive use of alcohol while pregnant
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
A substance that produces hallucinations and a term often used interchangably with psychedelic
Hallucinogens
The person who has a clear;y defined mental illness and becomes involved with drugs would fit what assessment profile?
An individual who uses drugs to self medicate their mental illness symptoms
Which is true about plants and plant byproducts that produce psychedelic effects?
1. Plants with psychedelic properties have been used in religious, magaical and social ceremonies 2. There is a type of mold that can infect rye plants and produce an LSD experience 3. Certain types of cactus produces psychedelic experiences when eaten
What are the physical and chemical changes in the body that are signs indicating addiction to alcohol or other drugs?
1. The user develops tolerance and needs fmore of the drug to feel an effect 2. The user develops tissue dependency and needs the drug to feel normal 3. After not using the drug for a period of time the user feels withdrawl symptoms
The internet has an addiction potential because:
1. can be used to escape feelings 2. always available 3. dosent criticize 4. rewarding and provides sense of control
What alcoholic drinks are equivalent to one standard drink?
1. one 12 oz beer 2. one 5 oz glass of wine 3. a single 1.5oz shot of liquer
Warning signs someone may be abusing inhalants include:
1. recurring headaches 2. chemical odor on body 3. inflammation of nasal lining
Effects of LSD begin to appear:
15-60 minutes after ingestion
Among those who ever try a ciggarette, what percent will become a habitual smoker?
25%
On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol, the equivalent of about 1.5 standard drinks in how many hours?
3
Marijuana in the urine of a regualr user is detectable for:
3-6 weeks
The act of refraining from the use of and any other drug
Abstinence
A progressive disease process characterized by loss of control over use, obsession with use, and continued use despite adverse consequences
Addiction
What best defines co-dependency?
An individual depends on the addict to fulfill some need of their own
Loss of awareness and recall without unconsciouness due to intoxication by alcohol or other drugs
BlackOut
Any of the psychoactive chemicals found in cannabis plants, including THC
Cannabinoids
The name of the primary document that is used in the US to assess whether a person has a substance related disorder is called :
DSM
Psychoactive drugs that decrease the actions in the brain, resulting in depressed respiration, heart rate, muscle strength, and other functions. "downer"
Depressants
A major neurotransmitter almost always affected by psychoactive drugs- it acts as the nucleous accumbens in the reward/ reinforcement pathway to produce euphoria and a desire to repeat the drug using activity
Dopamine
An alkaloid stimulant from the ephedra bush that can also be synthesized in labs. It fources the release of norepinephrine, dopamine, and epinephrine in the brain- used to manufacture meth
Ephedrine
A Liver disease that can inflame or kill liver cells. It is caused by a virus or toxic substance such as alcohol
Hepatitis
Very low level of oxygen in the blood or tissues, can be caused by inhalant use
Hypoxia
What is the correct sequence that correctly lists the routes of administration from fasted to slowest for getting drugs to the BRAIN?
Inhaling, Injecting, Mucous Membrane Absorption, Oral Digestion
What is true regarding bipolar affective disorder?
It is characterized by alternating periods of depression, normalcy, and mania
The DEA classifies drugs into 5 levels or scedules based on their potential medical benfits and their abuse/addiction potential. Schedule I includes drugs the DEA has classified as high abuse/ addiction potential. What drugs are in the schedule I category?
Marijuana Herion LSD
An anxiety disorder characterized by distrubing thougts that can be resolved only by acting out some compulsue behavior such as hand washing
OCD
Synthetic Opiates
Opioids
Which order accuartely represents the order in which the following opiates were discovered and used?
Opium, Morphine, Heroin
Irrational suspicions that someone or something is out to get you
Paranoia
What is the correct sequence for stages of change?
Pre-contempation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance
An active hallucinogenic substance found in a mushroom with a similar name
Psilocybin
Any drug that directly alters the normal functioning of the central nervous system when absorbed into the blood stream
Psychoactive Drugs
Sobriety means abstinence from drugs. Recovery means..
Restructing ones life to engage in activites that provide relaxation, satisfaction, and natural highs instead of artifical alcohol and other drug habits.
Any substance that forces the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, the bodys own stimulants "uppers"
Stimulants
An exaggerated effect that occurs when two or more drugs are used at the same time. Usually ocurs becuase the liver is processing one drug while the other slips by uncharged
Synergism
The goals of harm reduction include what?
The reduction harm that addicts cause for society through their use of drugs
What is true about conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder among children and adolescents?
They are strong predictors of alcohol and drug use problems
The increasing ability of the body to metabolize or consume greater and greater amounts of a drug or substance
Tolerance
The bodys attempt to rebalance itself after prolonged used of a psychoactive drug. The symptom range from mild to severe to life threatening
Withdrawl
What is the correct list of the three major class of depressants?
alcohol, opiates, sedative-hypnotics
Addictive behaviors:
alter brain chemistry similar to the ways psychoactive drugs do
Misperceiving a rope as a snake would be an example of
an illusion
Withdrawl from opiates produces symtoms that are the opposite of the drugs effects. What symtoms would be expected from opiate withdrawl?
bone, joint and muscular pain, insomnia and anxiety, high blood pressure, rapid pulse and tachycardia
Binge drinkind is defined as:
five or more drinks for men in one sitting four or more drinks for women
The 3 parts of the public health model used to explain the prevention model are:
host, enviroment, and agent
Of 1,033 new drugs approved by the FDA what % showed no significant clinical improvemnt over older and cheaper drugs already in use?
more than 50%
Which level of prevention is most likely to include intervention?
secondary and teritary prevention
Long term use of stimulants has the most significant impact on what part of the body?
the cardiovascular system
When a stimulant drug wears off and the body withdrawls from the extra energy produced by the drug what occurs?
the user becomes exhausted and emotional depression sets in