FINAL Substance Abuse

Birth defects caused by a mothers excessive use of alcohol while pregnant

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A substance that produces hallucinations and a term often used interchangably with psychedelic

Hallucinogens

The person who has a clear;y defined mental illness and becomes involved with drugs would fit what assessment profile?

An individual who uses drugs to self medicate their mental illness symptoms

Which is true about plants and plant byproducts that produce psychedelic effects?

1. Plants with psychedelic properties have been used in religious, magaical and social ceremonies 2. There is a type of mold that can infect rye plants and produce an LSD experience 3. Certain types of cactus produces psychedelic experiences when eaten

What are the physical and chemical changes in the body that are signs indicating addiction to alcohol or other drugs?

1. The user develops tolerance and needs fmore of the drug to feel an effect 2. The user develops tissue dependency and needs the drug to feel normal 3. After not using the drug for a period of time the user feels withdrawl symptoms

The internet has an addiction potential because:

1. can be used to escape feelings 2. always available 3. dosent criticize 4. rewarding and provides sense of control

What alcoholic drinks are equivalent to one standard drink?

1. one 12 oz beer 2. one 5 oz glass of wine 3. a single 1.5oz shot of liquer

Warning signs someone may be abusing inhalants include:

1. recurring headaches 2. chemical odor on body 3. inflammation of nasal lining

Effects of LSD begin to appear:

15-60 minutes after ingestion

Among those who ever try a ciggarette, what percent will become a habitual smoker?

25%

On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol, the equivalent of about 1.5 standard drinks in how many hours?

3

Marijuana in the urine of a regualr user is detectable for:

3-6 weeks

The act of refraining from the use of and any other drug

Abstinence

A progressive disease process characterized by loss of control over use, obsession with use, and continued use despite adverse consequences

Addiction

What best defines co-dependency?

An individual depends on the addict to fulfill some need of their own

Loss of awareness and recall without unconsciouness due to intoxication by alcohol or other drugs

BlackOut

Any of the psychoactive chemicals found in cannabis plants, including THC

Cannabinoids

The name of the primary document that is used in the US to assess whether a person has a substance related disorder is called :

DSM

Psychoactive drugs that decrease the actions in the brain, resulting in depressed respiration, heart rate, muscle strength, and other functions. "downer"

Depressants

A major neurotransmitter almost always affected by psychoactive drugs- it acts as the nucleous accumbens in the reward/ reinforcement pathway to produce euphoria and a desire to repeat the drug using activity

Dopamine

An alkaloid stimulant from the ephedra bush that can also be synthesized in labs. It fources the release of norepinephrine, dopamine, and epinephrine in the brain- used to manufacture meth

Ephedrine

A Liver disease that can inflame or kill liver cells. It is caused by a virus or toxic substance such as alcohol

Hepatitis

Very low level of oxygen in the blood or tissues, can be caused by inhalant use

Hypoxia

What is the correct sequence that correctly lists the routes of administration from fasted to slowest for getting drugs to the BRAIN?

Inhaling, Injecting, Mucous Membrane Absorption, Oral Digestion

What is true regarding bipolar affective disorder?

It is characterized by alternating periods of depression, normalcy, and mania

The DEA classifies drugs into 5 levels or scedules based on their potential medical benfits and their abuse/addiction potential. Schedule I includes drugs the DEA has classified as high abuse/ addiction potential. What drugs are in the schedule I category?

Marijuana Herion LSD

An anxiety disorder characterized by distrubing thougts that can be resolved only by acting out some compulsue behavior such as hand washing

OCD

Synthetic Opiates

Opioids

Which order accuartely represents the order in which the following opiates were discovered and used?

Opium, Morphine, Heroin

Irrational suspicions that someone or something is out to get you

Paranoia

What is the correct sequence for stages of change?

Pre-contempation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance

An active hallucinogenic substance found in a mushroom with a similar name

Psilocybin

Any drug that directly alters the normal functioning of the central nervous system when absorbed into the blood stream

Psychoactive Drugs

Sobriety means abstinence from drugs. Recovery means..

Restructing ones life to engage in activites that provide relaxation, satisfaction, and natural highs instead of artifical alcohol and other drug habits.

Any substance that forces the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, the bodys own stimulants "uppers"

Stimulants

An exaggerated effect that occurs when two or more drugs are used at the same time. Usually ocurs becuase the liver is processing one drug while the other slips by uncharged

Synergism

The goals of harm reduction include what?

The reduction harm that addicts cause for society through their use of drugs

What is true about conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder among children and adolescents?

They are strong predictors of alcohol and drug use problems

The increasing ability of the body to metabolize or consume greater and greater amounts of a drug or substance

Tolerance

The bodys attempt to rebalance itself after prolonged used of a psychoactive drug. The symptom range from mild to severe to life threatening

Withdrawl

What is the correct list of the three major class of depressants?

alcohol, opiates, sedative-hypnotics

Addictive behaviors:

alter brain chemistry similar to the ways psychoactive drugs do

Misperceiving a rope as a snake would be an example of

an illusion

Withdrawl from opiates produces symtoms that are the opposite of the drugs effects. What symtoms would be expected from opiate withdrawl?

bone, joint and muscular pain, insomnia and anxiety, high blood pressure, rapid pulse and tachycardia

Binge drinkind is defined as:

five or more drinks for men in one sitting four or more drinks for women

The 3 parts of the public health model used to explain the prevention model are:

host, enviroment, and agent

Of 1,033 new drugs approved by the FDA what % showed no significant clinical improvemnt over older and cheaper drugs already in use?

more than 50%

Which level of prevention is most likely to include intervention?

secondary and teritary prevention

Long term use of stimulants has the most significant impact on what part of the body?

the cardiovascular system

When a stimulant drug wears off and the body withdrawls from the extra energy produced by the drug what occurs?

the user becomes exhausted and emotional depression sets in