First Aid & CPR Test Review

What are four roles as a first aid responder?

-recognizing that an emergency exists -make sure the scene is safe for you and the ill or injured person -phone 911 -provide care until someone with more advanced training arrives and takes over

if someone is having trouble breathing, what should be the physical signs of their struggle to breathe? list 4:

1. Breathing really fast or very slow 2. is having trouble with every breath 3. has noisy breathing (wheezing, a rattle, whistle, etc.) 4. can only make sounds or speak no more than a few words between breaths although the person is trying to say more

if someone is having trouble breathing, what action steps would you take to help him?

1. Make sure scene is safe 2. ask if the person needs help/ ask if he has medicine 3. if he has medicine, get it for him and help him use the inhaler 4. call 911 if he does not get better and gets worse, has trouble speaking or becomes unresponsive 5. Stay with person until someone with more advanced training arrives and takes over

what six steps should be followed, in helping a person to use an inhaler?

1. tilt head back slightly and breathe out slowly 2. place inhaler or spacer in his mouth 3. push down on the medicine canister 4. breathe in very deeply and slowly 5. hold breath for about 10 seconds 6. breathe out slowly

If you suspect a person has a spinal injury, under what 3 circumstances would it be necessary to move the victim?

1.Move the person out of danger 2.Turn the person face up to give CPR 3. Reposition the person because of breathing problems, vomiting, or fluids in the mouth.

when treating small and large burns, one should cool the burn area immediately with cold water for at least....

10 minutes

Someone who has been bitten by an insect or bee may have a severe allergic reaction and should be watched for at least ____ minutes

30

For which of the following burn victims should you immediately call your local emergency phone number?

A 68-year-old woman who has a blistered grease burn on her hands and arms.

When performing CPR, when should you switch positions and allow someone else to take over compressions and breaths?

About every two minutes

What should you do if you are alone after giving 5 sets of 30 compressions and 2 breatlhs when performing CPR on an uninjured infant?

Carry the infant with you to phone 9-1-1

Care for a person with heat exhaustion includes the following:

Get the person out of the heat and into a cooler place.

How should you care for someone with minor frostbite on the fingers?

Get the person to a warm environment and then rewarm his or her hands using skin-to-skin contact.

You are giving sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths. Another person arrives with an AED. What should you do next?

Immediately use the AED

What is the correct rate and depth for providing compressions during high-quality adult CPR to improve survival?

Rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute and depth of at least 2 inches

You are having lunch with a friend at a restaurant. You both eat the same dessert, and within a few minutes you notice your friends's face is flushed. He says his throat feels tight and feels like it's closing. What step in the adult Chain of survival is described in the senario?

Recognizing the emergency

What actions result in the best chance of survival if someone is not breathing (or is only gasping), and isn't responding?

Start CPR, and use an AED if one is avaiable

You suspect that a person has been poisoned. She is conscious. Your first call should be to....

The Poison Control Center or your local emergency phone number.

What is a sign that an infant is not responding to the tap and shout?

The infant does nothing

How should you give breaths with a mask?

Tilt the head and lift the chin, and press the mask against the person's face to make an airtight seal

How do you perform chest compressions on an infant?

Use 2 fingers to push straight down at least one third the depth of the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compression per minute

A girl at one of your bus stops indicates that she was bitten by a snake, What do you do?

Wash the wound, keeping injured area lower than the heart; get professional medical care within 30 minutes.

what are some guidelines for splinting a broken bone that has come through the skin or is bent?

You should apply direct pressure to stop bleeding and apply a dressing to the wound before applying the splint. Then you should leave the injured body part bent in its position as you apply the splint and then cover the wound with a clean dressing and splint as needed.

name 3 everyday items, that could be used in an emergency situation, to splint and injury?

a newspaper, rolled up towels, and pieces of wood

How far should you push down when giving chest compressions to a child who needs CPR?

abt 2 inches

What should a person with a severe allergy carry at all times?

adrenaline (epipen)

asthma is a disease of the

air passages

You may suspect that a student has been poisoned if they....

are experiencing nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, urns around the lips, tongue or on the skin, have ches or abdominal pain, breathing difficulty

What should you do if someone is confused and needs first aid?

assume the person would want help

How deep should you push the chest of an adult victim when giving CPR?

at least 2 inches

how long should you rub the surfaces of your hands together during hand washing?

at least 20 seconds

list at 6 common medical emergencies:

breathing problems, choking, allergic reactions, heart attack, fainting, diabetes and low blood sugar, stroke, seizure

remove ticks by:

by using tweezers

list three signs/symptoms of a mild airway blockage:

can talk, makes sounds, can cough loudly

which is a sign of severe airway block?

cannot breathe or talk

after giving first aid in the workplace, you

cannot discuss anything with coworkers, you must keep private things private

What should your first action be when treating an electrical burn?

check for danger and ensure that contact with the electrical source is broken

to give first aid for a small burn on the arm, cool the burn with...

cold, but not ice old water

When caring for someone who has suffered an electrical burn, you would not....

cool the burned area

What should you spray on a person who is suffering with heat exhaustion?

cool water

What symptoms are associated with heat exhaustion....

cool, moist, pale or flushed skin

When assessing the scene, you should consider which of the following?

danger to yourself, how many people are injured or ill, where the location is

what is the drug that can help stop a severe allergic reaction and requires a prescription?

epinephrine

If you give CPR to someone who has been poisoned, it is not necessary to use a mask when giving breaths?: true or false

false

as soon as a person twist his ankle, apply a heating pad or heat pack over the injured area for 20 minutes to help reduce swelling: true or false

false

to help stop bleeding that you can see, put light pressure on a dressing or bandage over the bleeding area

false

A 15 year old boy has just splashed a chemical on his face. After sending someone to call for an ambulance, you would

flush the burned area with large amounts of water until the ambulance arrives

What is the correct hand position for giving abdominal thrusts if a child is choking and is still responding?

get behind the choking child and pur a fist above his belly button

what is the correct position for giving abdominal thrusts if a child is choking and is still responding?

get behind the choking child and put a fist just above his belly button

when treating a person with a nose bleed, one should?

have them pinch the soft part of the nose and lean forward

Which are signs and smymptoms of muscle spasms caused by heat?

headache, muscle cramps, sweating

a person with a ______ is usually awake and can talk but may have an uncomfortable feeling, such as pain or pressure in the chest

heart attack

what are the three causes of burns?

heat, electricity and chemicals

heat stroke causes:

hot red or dry skin, very high body temperature, rapid weak pulse and shallow breathing

When caring for a person with a heat stroke, it is important to begin cooling a person

immediately-every minute counts

a coworker is stuck in the abdomen while on break, the coworker has a bruise and shows signs of shock, what should you suspect is wrong

internal bleeding

you and a friend are picking berries at a local farm, you notice a man who has been styng by a bee and is having difficulty breathing, where should the epinephrine pen be injected into this person?

into the thigh, halfway between the hip and knee

if a large stick or a knife has been pushed into someone's body, you should...

leave it in and get help

If you suspect someone has been exposed to poison, what are some things you should check for assessing the scene?

look for warning signs of poison nearby look for spilled or leaking containers look for spilled powders be aware possible poisonous fumes or gases

you are treating a person, who might have a possible broken bone, you have made sure the scene is safe, have a first aid kit, and have put on your PPE, what are the next 4 action steps in treating this condition?

next you should cover any open wound with dressing. Put a towel on top of the injured body part and place a bag filled with ice and water on top of the towel on the injured person for up to 20 minutes. Phone 9-1-1 if it is a large open wound, if you don't know what to do or the injured body part is abnormally bent. Lastly, if the injured body part is in pain the person should avoid using it until it is checked by a healthcare provider.

you are running on a track at a local school, you come across a woman who has fallen and is bleeding from a cut on her leg, Where should you apply direct pressure to this cut?

on the dressing

Which is not a symptom of heat stroke

personality change

what should you do if someone with an injury or illness at work refuses to care/help?

phone 911 and stay with the person until advanced help arrives

how do you protect an amputated body part?

place it in a watertight plastic bag inside another container with ice or ice and water

What is the Good Samaritan Law?

protect anyone who provides first aid

when giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking, you should....

put the thumb side of your fist slightly above the navel and well below the breastbone

you're feeding your infant in a high chair, you briefly walk away to get him something o drink. When you return, you notice that his eyes are wide and has excessive drooling and a silent cry. What is the next best step, if after giving 5 back slats and 5 chest thrusts, the infants airway is still blocked?

repeat back slaps and chest thrusts until the infant can breathe or stops responding

A boy enters your bus, you smell alcohol, he passes out before you get to his bus stop, what should you do?

stop the bus, check for breathing and pulse, call 911

the warning signs of ______ include a sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of the body

stroke

when you phone for help, you should stay on the line with the dispatcher until...

the dispatcher tells you it is OK to hang up

when treating a person with a possible head, neck or spinal injury, why i it important to get the first aid kit and AED

to control external bleeding and if the person's condition worsens you may need to give SPR before someone comes to take over

you are running on a track at a local school. You come across a woman who has fallen and is bleeding from a cut on her leg. Why is it important to properly remove your gloves after giving her first aid?

to keep from touching blood or body fluids of the person you are helping

what is the purpose for splinting an injury?

to keep the injured body part from moving and it keeps it protected until someone with more advanced training arrives and takes over

Why should you cover burns with a clean or sterile dressing

to prevent infection

why should you wear personal protective equipment?

to protect yourself from blood borne diseases

Heat-related conditions can progress quickly if not recognized and treated early: true or false

true

Signs of a severe allergic reation include trouble breathing, swelling of the face and tongue and the person may stop responding: true or false

true

if someone falls down and then becomes sleepy or confused, vomits or complains of a headache, the person may have a head injury

true

if someone with low blood sugar is responding and can sit up and swallow, give her something that contains sugar to eat or drink: true or false

true

You are performing CPR on a child when another person arrives with an AED. You notice that the AED does not have child pads. What should you do?

use the adult pads, making sure they do not touch each other

When someone has a bite, be sure to

wash the area with running water and soap

when you are providing first aid, you should?

wear PPE

What should you do after you've finished taking care of an injured person at work?

write a report of the incident if your company requires it