Fluid &Electrolyte/Acid-Base Imbalances

A nurse is reviewing ABG values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?

pH 7.25, HCO3 19mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory values and discovers the client has a serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?

Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate

A nurse is teaching a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. The nurse should instruct the client that what is the best source of calcium?

Almond milk

A nurse is teaching a client who is at risk for hypokalemia. The nurse should instruct the patient that which of the following foods is the best source of potassium?

Baked potato

A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Dark colored urine

A nurse is caring for an older adult client. The client has an increased risk for dehydration due to which of the following physiological changes that can occur with aging?

Decrease in kidney function

A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?

Decreased deep tendon reflexes

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory report of blood gas findings: HCO3 18 mEq/mL and PaCO2 28 mm Hg. Which of the following pH values and conditions should the nurse expect when interpreting these findings?

Decreased pH and metabolic acidosis

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

Dextrose 5% in water

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an IV infusion of dextrose 10% in water. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?

Hyperglycemia

A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Lethargy

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following ABG results: HC03 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mm Hg and pH 7.30

Metabolic acidosis

A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and vomiting. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which of the following acid base imbalances?

Metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. What is a manifestation of hypokalemia?

Muscle weakness

A nurse is assessing a client who has a sodium level of 116 mEq/L. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nausea and vomiting

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Place the client on continuous cardiac monitoring

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Place the client on seizure precautions

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Place the client on seizure precautions

A nurse is assessing a client who reports frequent vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Poor skin turgor, hypotension, flat neck veins

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis

A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis

A nurse is reviewing the ABG values for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO2 is 48 mm Hg and the HCO3 is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate what acid base imbalance?

Respiratory acidosis

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a unit of PRBC's. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing a transfusion reaction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Stop the transfusion

A nurse is assessing a client who has circulatory overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Tachycardia

A nurse is assessing a client who has end stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?

The client has a 5lb weight gain since yesterday

A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Have the client breathe into a paper bag