Fourth PN test Nutrition

The nurse is preparing teaching for a client ordered on long-term treatment with corticosteroids. As part of the teaching about side effects, the nurse should inform the client that which body function is primarily affected?

Metabolism

The nurse is completing the placement of a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which is the most reliable way for the nurse to initially confirm the placement of the tube?

After placement of a radiopaque tube confirm the location of the tube by x-ray.

When asked what type of natural product can be used for cuts and burns, the LPN would recommend which f the following?

Aloe vera

The LPN is talking to a friend who has recently entered menopause. The friend states, "You know I can deal with the hot flashes; they aren't too bad, but the insomnia is nearly making me crazy." Which of the following vitamin or mineral supplements may the nurse suggest?

Calcium

The LPN is working at a health fair and is asked, "I'm worried about osteoporosis; what vitamins should I take?" The nurse's response would include a discussion of which of the following vitamins and minerals? (Select all that apply.)

Calcium, Vitamin D

The dietician explains that when food metabolizes substances become simpler substances and sometimes energy is released. The nurse is aware that the process is referred to as

Catabolism

An LPN is having a conversation with a client who is seeking acupuncture treatment for migraine headaches. The LPN is attempting to explain the Eastern philosophy of health and medicine. Which statement is best?

Eastern medicine focuses on the body's ability to heal itself

The nurse provides education to a client who needs to increase intake of complete proteins. The nurse recognizes that teaching is effective if the client selects which food?

Eggs

The LPN is assisting in the care of a client who has a family history of high triglycerides. Which of the following supplements would the nurse anticipate the physician will suggest?

Fish oil capsules

The RN provides teaching to a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Which method will the LPN/LVN reinforce as the best indicator of long-term glycemic control?

Glycosylated hemoglobin

The LPN/LVN is obtaining a blood glucose level on a client with diabetes mellitus, and notes that the blood glucose level is 280 mg/dL. Knowledge of which condition prompts the LPN/LVN to report the finding to the RN?

Hyperglycemia

A student nurse is studying the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins and determines that the risk of toxicity is elevated for which of the following vitamins? (Select all that apply

Vitamin K, Vitamin A, Vitamin E, Vitamin D

The nurse reviews the food diary of a client who is on a weight reduction plan. Which entry listed in the food diary provides the nurse with an idea why the client has not lost weight?

Whole milk and cheese

A client's stomach contents will be removed by inserting a double-lumen nasogastric (NG) tube through the nose into the stomach and then connecting the tube to a suction. The nurse identifies this procedure as

gastric decompression

the nurse shares information with a client about essential nutrients which fact is important for the nurse to emphasize

nutrients are important, but too much of certain nutrient is a problematic

The nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who is a vegetarian. Which is a single source of complete protein that the nurse should recommend to the client?

soy

The nurse is interviewing a client during a wellness visit in a physician's office. Which comment by the client during a discussion about nutrition will cause the nurse the most concern?

"I make sure to follow my extensive vitamin regimen."

The nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus about the eating and nutrition parameters required with the client's diagnosis. Which comment by the client indicates that teaching is understood?

"I will find a new method for cooking besides frying."

The nurse is providing care for a client after joint replacement surgery. The nurse delivers a lunch tray with a cheeseburger, French fries, slaw, and fresh fruit. After the meal, the nurse picks up an empty tray. Which comment is more important for the nurse to make if the client states, "My husband ate part of my lunch because I'm just not that hungry"?

"I will need to know which foods you actually ate."

The nurse is presenting nutrition information to a client. The client states, "I know my diet is not the healthiest, but I never remember to take vitamin supplements." Which response by the nurse reinforces good information for the client?

"Most people get sufficient vitamins from plants, animal sources, or supplements.

An emergency department nurse admits an adult client for a drug overdose. The physician writes an order for the nurse to instill charcoal through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which size tube will the nurse select?

16 French

A client expresses understanding about the role dietary fiber has in the prevention of constipation. Which other reasons should the nurse present about the importance of fiber in the diet? Select all that apply.

1. Dietary fiber will decrease the LDL cholesterol level. 2. Adequate dietary fiber increases the absorption of minerals. 4. Fiber supports normal flora in the GI tract by providing a food source. 5. Adequate intake of dietary fiber will contribute to weight loss.

The nurse is preparing to teach a class on nutrition. The focus of the class is on the nutrition food label facts found on all processed food products. Which information will the nurse identify that each food label must include? Select all that apply.

1. Health claims 3. Macronutrient content 4. Daily Reference Value 5. Vitamin and mineral content

The nurse is teaching a class about nutrition to parents of toddlers and preschool-age children. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to include in this class? Select all that apply.

1. Provide one serving of milk or other dairy product with each meal .2. Fats should account for 30% to 35% of the daily caloric intake 5. Peanut butter on whole grain bread supplies both protein and iron

The nurse provides preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for surgery due to a diagnosis of sigmoid cancer. The nurse explains that the client's digestion process will not change. Which organ will the nurse indicate as a source of digestive enzymes? Select all that apply.

1. Small intestine 2. Liver 3. Pancreas 5. Gallbladder

The nurse shares information about the Mediterranean Diet with colleagues. Which fact about this diet is correct? Select all that apply.

1. The diet is common in the French, Spanish, Greek, and Italian cultures. 3. The diet focuses on foods from plant sources, such as fruit and vegetables. 4. The diet promotes poultry, pork, and fish in low to moderate amounts. 5. The diet consists of a healthier, low consumption of saturated fats

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. Which assessment finding will the nurse expect? Select all that apply.

1.Evidence of dental caries 2.Verbal reports of indigestion 4.Frequent bouts of sore throat 5.Poor skin turgor and sunken eyes

A physician has ordered "Clear liquids, advance as tolerated." Which factors indicate to the nurse the advancement of the client's diet should be delayed? Select all that apply.

1.Hypoactive bowel sounds 2.Nausea and vomiting 3.Reports of indigestion

The nurse prepares a presentation for parents of adolescents with eating disorders. The parents have expressed an interest in understanding the causes and effects of the disorders. Which information will the nurse include? Select all that apply.

2.It can cause a client's health to be severely affected. 3.It generally occurs during adolescence or early adulthood .4.It is evidenced by extreme disturbances in eating habits. 5.It may result from either physical or psychological causes.

The nurse assesses a client 24 hours after abdominal surgery. The client is experiencing nausea, anorexia, and is vomiting foul-smelling emesis. Physical assessment reveals an extended abdomen and hypoactive bowel sounds. Which order does the nurse expect from the client's physician?

A nasogastric tube inserted for gastric decompression

The nurse is caring for a client in the hospital. On assessment, the nurse discovers the client's hands and feet are swollen. A review of the client's past medical history reveals a history of cardiac problems. Which diet does the nurse expect the physician to order for this client?

A sodium-restricted diet

Which client is the nurse most likely to screen for a mineral deficiency?

An adult client who is a strict, life-long vegetarian

The LPN overhears student nurses studying for their nutrition exam by focusing on the amino acids. The LPN would intervene for which of the following statements?

An essential acid is one that the body has to make; it can't be obtained in the diet.

The nurse is aware that good nutrition is essential for __________________, the process when the body uses components to build or reconstruct new components or tissue.

Anabolism

The nurse is admitting a client for a diagnosis unrelated to nutrition; however, the client states, "I don't eat gluten, but I don't have celiac disease." Which meal will the nurse expect the client to order?

Baked chicken breast, mashed potatoes with butter, and ice cream

When talking to a group of teenage girls, the LPN is told, "Cholesterol is like poison; I think it should just be removed from everything." Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

Cholesterol is needed for hormone synthesis and stabilizes cell membranes, so in moderate amounts, it is an important component of a balanced diet.

An LPN who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus would be most interested in the research related to which of the following vitamins or minerals?

Chromium

While working for a hematologist, the LPN learns that which of the following minerals is vital to the formation of red blood cells?

Cobalt

The nurse brings a dinner tray to a client on a regular diet. The nurse notes that the client has been blind since birth. Which intervention by the nurse is most helpful in assisting this client to eat?

Compare the location of the food on a plate with the face of a clock.

An LPN is assisting with the care of a client taking a loop diuretic. Which of the following symptoms would alert the nurse to suspect potassium deficiency?

Confusion, muscle weakness, and arrhythmias

An LPN discovers her 10-year-old daughter has been eating calcium carbonate (Tums) because she thinks they taste good. Which of the following side effects would the nurse anticipate?

Constipation

which fact should the nurse teach a client about the American heart association (AHA) recommendation regarding dietary fat?

Consume 25% to 35% of total daily calories from fat.

the nurse is preparing education material for adults regarding nutrition which fact will the nurse address about the anatomy and physiology digestion

Digestion begins in the mouth where salivary amylase begins breaking down fats and carbohydrates.

The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client and notes that the client has a large number of dental caries and is missing numerous teeth. The nurse voices concern about the client's nutritional status. Which is the most likely concern?

Digestion begins in the mouth with the process of chewing.

The nurse is counseling a client about weight loss. The client states, "I am just going to eliminate all fats from my diet." Which information provided by the nurse is correct?

Fats from animal sources form all the cell membranes in the body.

The LPN visits her dentist for a routine cleaning and begins a conversation about minerals and tooth decay. The dentist will credit protection from dental caries (cavities) to which group of minerals?

Fluoride and molybdenum

A client tells the nurse of experiencing minor gastrointestinal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea several times after meals. Which possible cause should the nurse identify?

Food intolerance

A client has been vomiting without relief from medications. The physician orders the client on NPO status. Which action by the nurse violates the physician's order?

Gives ice chips when the client indicates mouth dryness

Of interest to one particular LPN is the fact that vitamin B7 (Biotin) decreases which of the following symptoms of aging?

Gray and balding hair

The nurse working on a surgical unit is aware that surgical clients need an increased amount of dietary protein. Which is the correct reason for the increase in protein?

Increased dietary protein intake is essential for new cells and wound healing.

An LPN is visiting a friend in the hospital who was recently started on total parental nutrition (TPN). The nurse is aware the client will most likely also receive which of the following?

Intravenous form of lipids

. The LPN is providing care for a client with anorexia who has also been diagnosed with anemia. The nurse recognizes teaching has been effective if the client chooses a diet that is high in which of the following?

Iron

The nurse provides care for a client who is emaciated and exhibits a severely enlarged abdomen and liver. The health-care provider also diagnoses the client with skin infections, small for age stature, and notably delayed mental development. Which condition does the nurse expect the health-care provider to diagnose?

Kwashiorkor disease

A client is prescribed the medication lithium as a mood-stabilizing agent. Which laboratory report indicates the client may be retaining higher than prescribed levels of lithium?

Low sodium levels

In reviewing various trace minerals, the LPN recognizes that which of the following elements is necessary for the formation of thyroxine and deficiency has been linked to myasthenia gravis?

Manganese

The LPN/LVN is assigned to feed a client who was admitted with the diagnosis of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA). The client's ability to swallow is intact, but chewing remains difficult. Which type of food will most likely cause the LPN/LVN to consult with the RN?

Mechanical soft

Which term does the nurse recognize as the process that gently propels the food bolus into the small intestine?

Peristalsis

The LPN/LVN is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus and obtains a morning blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL. The LPN/LVN reports the finding to the RN. Which intervention does the LPN/LVN expect?

Provide the client with one-half cup of orange juice.

When the nurse inserts a nasogastric (NG) tube, the client becomes cyanotic, coughs incessantly, and is unable to speak. Which action should the nurse take immediately?

Remove the tube completely.

The nurse is providing care for a client from an Asian culture. Which foods does the nurse recognize as commonly occurring in the client's cultural diet?

Soy products, fish, and legumes

The LPN working in an obstetrician's office is aware that the physician recommends increasing folic acid intake during pregnancy to help decrease the occurrence of which of the following infant disorders?

Spina bifida

the nurse is providing care for an sedentary female client the client admits a lack of knowledge regarding a healthy diet, which nutrition is correct for the nurse to share

The FDA suggests minimum daily intake of nutrients to prevent disease

The nurse assesses a client just admitted from the emergency department with pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The physician's order reads, "Diet as tolerated." Which conclusion will impact the nurse's decision regarding the client's diet?

The client will be NPO due to the probability of surgery.

The nurse is inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which conclusion does the nurse make if a client coughs continually?

The client's airway is compromised.

While participating in a seminar, the LPN becomes engaged in a conversation related to insurance payment for complementary therapy and the use of herbal remedies. Which statement by participants in the conversation is most accurate?

There is very little scientific research for most herbs so the evidence to support effectiveness of therapy is limited

The LPN working with a client who has a long-standing history of alcohol abuse. Although the client is most likely deficient in numerous vitamins and minerals, the LPN is aware that which particular vitamin is credited with protecting against imbalances caused by alcohol

Vitamin B1 (thiamine)

A client is prescribed isoniazid (INH), a medication that treats tuberculosis (TB). Which condition will prompt the nurse to remind the physician that the client will need a specific vitamin during the therapy?

Vitamin B6 excretion will increase with INH.

An LPN working in a wound clinic would anticipate that many of the clients would be encouraged to increase their intake of which of the following?

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)

While working with a client who takes warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse would caution the client to avoid foods that are high in which of the following vitamins?

Vitamin K

Which term should the nurse recognize for the process in which food is broken down in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, releasing nutrients for the body to use?

digestion

When a client has an intact digestive system but has difficulty with swallowing, digestion, or the absorption of food, the nurse can expect the client to be ordered on ____________________ feedings.

enteral

a client has received nutrition teaching from the RN. Which client statement will prompt the LPN/LVN to reinforce teaching about the functions and importance of water in the body

exercise does not affect my water intake unless i sweat