FRQ Topics

Explain how ONE of the following court rulings changed the balance of power between the national government and state governments. 1.United States v. Lopez 2.Obergefell v. Hodges

1. The Court's decision in United States vs. Lopez created a narrow interpretation of Congress's use of the Commerce Clause, which limited the power of the federal government in relation to the states. 2. In Obergefell v. Hodges the supreme court declared that the state laws prohibiting recognition of same-sex marriage violate the United States Constitution, which limited the power of state governments.

Describe two features of the original Constitution that have led to a growth in the power of the national government.

1. The Neccessary and Proper clause gives Congress the power to pass any law they deem "neccessary and proper" 2. The Presidents power are not specifically stated in the constition which means they're is no limit to how much power the president holds which has expanded by being head of the national executive branch and has power over the national government.

Explain an action that Congress could take to respond to the Arizona v. United States decision if it disagreed with the decision.

Congress could tax the state on necessary resources to encourage it to work with Congress law. It could also not choose not to issue grants to the state.

Explain how the facts of McCulloch v. Maryland and the facts of Arizona v. United States led to a similar holding in both cases.

In McCulloch v. Maryland court case it was said that the state could not tax a federal bank. And In Arizona v. United States, it was said that the state could not regulate immigration the way that it attempted to. In both cases, states attempted to wield power that constitutionally should belong to the national government.

Describe Two advantages of federalism for the creation of public policy in the United States.

States can make policy specific to their individual needs. The federal government can establish uniform policy, if and when necessary

Explain how each of the following additions to the Constitution addressed Anti-Federalist concerns. 1.First Amendment 2.Tenth Amendment

The first amendment protect citizens rights by giving them the freedom of speech, assembly, religion, press, and petition The tenth amendment states that all powers not given to the national government that is stated in the constitutions are reserved to the states.

Identify a common constitutional principle used to make a ruling in both McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Arizona v. United States (2012)

The supremacy clause states that the central governments law will overpower state law. This is relevant to both McCulloch vs. Maryland and Arizona vs. United states as they both deal with conflict between state law and national law. In both cases, the supremacy clause was called upon to justify the central gocernments choice to overpower state policy.

Describe EACH of the following constitutional provisions. 1.Supremacy clause 2.Tenth Amendment

The supremecy clause prohibits states with interferring with the national governments exersize of the constitutional powers The tenth amendemnt is all powers not given to the national government that is stated in the constitution are reserved to the states

Compare the positions of Federalists and Anti-Federalists regarding the power of the national government.

anti-federalist believed the state govenment should have more power than the national government federalist believed that the national government should have more power than the state government Federalist wanted to ratify (approve) the constitution but the anti-federalist wanted to create a Bill of Rights to protect the citizens freedoms and not give the national government unlimited powers