Functional Anatomy Quiz Questions (exam 2)

What describes the "pump-handle" motion?

ribs 2-7 push sternum ventrally and superiorly.

Which of the following statements BEST describes the temporomandibular joint? Select one: a. Fibrous joints with articular surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage b. Synovial joints with articular surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage c. Fibrous joints with articular surfaces covered with dense fibrocartilage d. Synovial joints with articular surfaces covered with dense fibrocartilage

synovial joints with articular surfaces covered with dense fibrocartilage

Which of the following muscles function as the primary muscles of mastication? Select one: a. Masseter, medial pterygoid, and digastric muscles b. Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and lateral pterygoid muscles c. Digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and stylohyoid muscles d. Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid muscles

temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, and later pterygoid

What muscle(s) is/are activated with resisted opening of your mouth, like you are forcing or pulling your teeth apart as they are stuck in chewy food? Select one: a. Medial pterygoid b. Lateral pterygoid c. Masseter d. Temporalis

lateral pterygoid

Which of the following changes that occur with aging can adversely affect ventilation? Select one: a. Decrease in chest wall compliance and mobility b. Decrease in strength of respiratory muscles c. Increased thoracic kyphosis d. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following signs and symptoms could result from injury to the temporomandibular joint disc? Select one: a. Difficulty with opening the mouth b. Difficulty with chewing and talking c. Pain d. All of the above

All of the above

A person working in a sitting position for several hours each day displays a posture of a rounded spine with increased thoracic kyphosis. What condition or conditions are MOST LIKELY to occur because of this poor postural position if continued over a period of time? Select one: a. Forward-head posture will develop. b. Anterior trunk muscles and connective tissue will shorten. c. Overstretched trunk extensor muscles will weaken. d. All of the above will likely occur.

All of the above will likely occur.

What are the joint arthrokinematic motions that occur during mandibular depression? Select one: a. Condyles roll posteriorly and mandibular disc complex glides posteriorly. b. Condyles roll anteriorly and the mandibular disc complex glides posteriorly. c. Condyles roll posteriorly and the mandibular disc complex glides anteriorly. d. Condyles roll anteriorly and mandibular disc complex glides anteriorly.

Condyles roll anteriorly and mandibular disc complex glides anteriorly.

Lateral joint dislocations are most common for the TMJ. Select one: True False

False

Normal respiration is 30-40 breaths per minute in the healthy population. Select one: True False

False

The temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage is incapable of repairing itself whereas the hyaline cartilage at the knees' surfaces can. Select one: True False

False

Which of the following lung capacities is the volume of air that can be inspired during quiet breathing plus during forced inspiration? Select one: a. total lung capacity b. vital capacity c. inspiratory capacity d. functional residual capacity

Inspiratory capacity

What motion is produced by unilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle? Select one: a. Contralateral cervical lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation b. Ipsilateral cervical lateral flexion and rotation c. Ipsilateral cervical lateral flexion and contralateral rotation d. Contralateral cervical lateral flexion and rotation

Ipsilateral cervical lateral flexion and contralateral rotation.

Which statement BEST describes expiration during quiet ventilation? Select one: a. It is passive due to the environmental pressure being greater than the internal lung pressure. b. It is passive due to the internal lung pressure being greater than the environmental pressure. c. It is active, requiring contraction of the abdominals. d. It is active, requiring contraction of the diaphragm

It is passive due to the internal lung pressure being greater than the environmental pressure.

What are the most common coupled motions in the spine? Select one: a. Lateral bending and extension b. Lateral bending and rotation c. Flexion and lateral bending d. Extension and lateral bending

Lateral bending and rotation.

Which of the following functional activities would most likely display dysfunction by a person who had an impaired spinal rotation at multiple levels? Looking forward at a computer screen Looking over the shoulder while backing up a car Looking downward when tying shoelaces Looking upward to see an object on a high shelf

Looking over the shoulder while backing up a car

Which of the following events is MOST LIKELY to occur during spinal extension? Select one: a. Anterior structures are compressed and disc material moves posteriorly. b. Posterior structures are stretched and disc material moves anteriorly. c. Anterior structures are stretched and disc material moves posteriorly. d. Posterior structures are compressed and disc material moves anteriorly.

Posterior structures are compressed and disc material moves anteriorly.

Which of the following muscles provides trunk stability in the front plane? Erector spinae Multifidi Quadratus lumborum Rectus abdominis

Quadratus lumborum

Which of the following muscle groups should be the last group to strengthen if someone has acute low back pain? Internal obliques Multifidi Transversus abdominis Rectus abdominis

Rectus abdominis

Which of the following statements BEST describes the "bucket-handle" motion of the ribs during inspiration? Select one: a. Ribs 2 through 7 lift upward and rotate outward. b. The lower ribs move downward and inward. c. The lower ribs lift upward and rotate outward. d. Ribs 1 through 2 move the sternum in a dorsal and inferior direction.

The lower ribs lift upward and outward.

For healthy individuals, which lung volume represents breathing while you are sitting quietly and taking your AHSC 315 test? Select one: a. Expiratory reserve volume b. Residual volume c. Tidal volume d. Inspiratory reserve volume

Tidal volume

A person's height can decrease by as much as 2cm throughout the day because of the compression of the fluid content of the IVDs. True or False

True

During mandibular elevation, condyles roll posteriorly and the mandibular disc complex glides posteriorly. Select one: True False

True

When the diaphragm contracts during inspiration, it descends to compress the abdominal contents and increases both intra-abdominal pressure and the vertical diameter of the thorax. Select one: True False

True

Which of the following muscle groups is MOST LIKELY to require strengthening in a person displaying excessive postural thoracic kyphosis? Select one: a. Trunk lateral flexors b. Trunk rotators c. Trunk flexors d. Trunk extensors

Trunk extensors

Which of the following muscle groups is MOST LIKELY overlengthened and would require strengthening in a person who displays a chronic excessive anterior tilt posture? Select one: a. Trunk flexors and extensors b. Trunk extensors c. Trunk flexors d. None of the above

Trunk flexors

After climbing a steep hill on a bike, a cyclist places the hands on the handlebars during labored breathing. How does this position assist with forced expiration? Select one: a. With the arms stationary and positioned below the clavicle, the pectoralis major muscle pulls the manubrium and upper ribs downward to assist with increasing intrathoracic pressure. b. With the arms stationary and positioned below the clavicle, the pectoralis major muscle pulls the manubrium and upper ribs upward and outward to assist with increasing intrathoracic pressure. c. With the arms stationary and positioned above the clavicle, the pectoralis major muscle pulls the manubrium and upper ribs upward and outward to assist with increasing intrathoracic pressure d. With the arms stationary and positioned above the clavicle, the pectoralis major muscle pulls the manubrium and upper ribs downward to assist with increasing intrathoracic pressure.

With the arms stationary and positioned below the clavicle, the pectoralis major muscle pulls the manubrium and upper ribs downward to assist with increasing intrathoracic pressure.

What primary muscle of ventilation would be most affected for a person who sustains a C3-C4 spinal cord injury? Select one: a. pectoralis major b. diaphragm c. sternocleidomastoid d. scalenes

diaphragm

What are the cardinal signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction? Select one: a. Joint tenderness and teeth grinding b. Joint inflammation, swelling, and muscle weakness c. Joint noise and excessive movement d. Joint pain, noise, and limited range of motion

joint pain, noise, and limited range of motion

In what plane and around what axis does mandibular elevation occur? Select one: a. Horizontal plane around a vertical axis b. Sagittal plane around a frontal axis c. Vertical plane around a sagittal axis d. Frontal plane around a sagittal axis

sagittal plane around a frontal axis

All of the following muscles are activated during forced expiration EXCEPT: Select one: a. rectus abdominus b. external and internal abdominal obliques c. serratus posterior superior d. transverse abdominis

serratus posterior superior