GEOG 100 EXAM 3 QUIZZES

The Watts Bar 2 nuclear power plant in Tennessee (scheduled to be operational in 2016) will be the the first nuclear power plant built in the US since:

1996

Just to the east of Itanhanga the first main road (MT338) was there prior to the earliest satellite image. The first minor (illegal) roads went in a year later. An expanded network of illegal roads was in place by ______________, and by _____________ the area was fully deforested.

1997, 2008

What percent of the world's known coal reserves are found in the U.S.?

21%

Coal currently generates what percent of the electric power in the U.S.?

27.5

It is estimated that in 25 years the world will have ______ of the fresh water that it does today.

50%

As you recall from the Carbon Simulator Lab, deforestation is the second leading cause of CO2 emissions. When the report your read was written, how much of Brazil's total emissions came from deforestation?

75%

How many tons per acre per year of soil are potentially eroded by wind from soils in the study area?

75-150 tons

Aerosols have what effect on the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface?

Aerosols can absorb light and energy thus warming the Earth. Aerosols can scatter light and energy back into the atmosphere, thus decreasing solar radiation reaching the Earth.

Globally, the largest use of water by humans is for:

Agricultural irrigation

In the southeast portion of Mato Grosso, in the hook shaped �finger� of Amazon biome east of Cuibata, cattle pasture dominates the landscape. Other than pasture, which land use is present?

Agriculture Conservation areas Indigenous lands Sugar cane

Buckthorn, garlic mustard and purple loosestrife are all local examples of:

Alien species that are out-competing native species

The Global Forest Watch defines "tree cover" as

All vegetation taller than 5 meters in height Natural forests The biophysical presence of trees Tree plantations

The international demand for cattle (beef) is driving deforestation in:

Amazon

Which of the following sides within Mato Grosso has no tropical rainforest remaining?

Amazon Biome Strip

The term "legal Amazon" refers specifically to:

An administrative unit that includes the Amazon forest as well as some areas of savannah in the states of Mato Grosso and Tocantins.

Trophic position refers to:

An organism's position on the food chain

One of the soils you looked at in the area north of the UWSP campus has the following texture: Sand: 61.3% Silt: 19.6% Clay: 19.1% Based upon the soil triangle, which of the following is it?

Billet Sandy Loam

Which of the following soil types will have the highest runoff rate (all other factors being equal)?

Clay

Coal from the Powder River Basin in Montana and Wyoming differs from the Appalachian region of the US in that:

Coal from the Western US is mostly Sub-bituminous with up to 45% carbon content.

Which location is best described as having a Df climate?

Coastal Sweden or Stevens Point, WI

Which resource listed has the highest ratio of use to replenishment?

Crude oil

Shrubland (Mediterranean Scrub), like that of coastal California, has a Koppen classification of:

Cs

Outside of tropical rainforest (lowland evergreen broadleaf), Mato Grosso contains what type of natural vegetation?

Deciduous and Semi-deciduous seasonal forest Ecotone between evergreen and seasonal evergreen Mountain grass and woodland Savannah

According to the model, the planting of trees in South Africa

Decreases runoff by more than 10%

Which of the following biomes has the greatest temperature range between day and night?

Desert

Agricultural expansion, logging, and urbanization are all considered

Direct causes of deforestation

Technology always offsets the impacts of Population and Affluence in the IPAT equation.

False

While we know the magnitude of future changes in greenhouse gases and global temperature, we are less certain about the direction of those changes.

False

Soil bacteria play a major role in the nitrogen cycle by performing which of the following tasks?

Fixing nitrogen by converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates for plants

While the parent material for the Plainfield Loamy Sand is sandy drift, the R horizon is made of

Granite

In addition to the Columbia River Valley, which other US location is most suitable for wind energy generation?

Great Plains

Soils termed Aridisols

Have a high calcium carbonate (limestone) content Can be good for agriculture if irrigated Form where precipitation is less than evaporation

Soils in the study area with the highest susceptibility of damage by fire:

Have sandy textures with rock fragments

Relative to early-successional species, late-successional species are characterized by all of the following except:

High light and nutrient requirements

When a system has lost its ability to maintain a storage or flow, it has lost its ability to perform which of the following?

Homeostasis

In addition to natural gas, the west coast of the U.S. (California, in particular) gets its energy from:

Hydroelectric & Solar

Spodosols are soils typically found:

In boreal/coniferous forests

Coal-fired power plants are most abundant

In the eastern US

South Africa is cutting down trees as fast as possible in order to:

Increase stream flow for drinking water and agriculture

The international demand for palm oil biofuel is driving deforestation in:

Indonesia

Relative to a loamy sand, a sandy loam:

Is more poorly drained Has a higher K factor (greater susceptibility to sheet and rill erosion by water). Has a lower susceptibility to fire damage Has a lower sand percentage

Liquified natural gas (LNG)

Is super-cooled natural gas, that unlike regular natural gas, can be transported more easily by tanker ships.

The available water capacity of a soil:

Is the amount of water a soil can store that is available for plants Is the water held between "field capacity" and the "wilting point" Is lower for a sandy loam (such as the Billett) than for a clay loam Will be low if the drainage class is "excessively drained"

All of the following are true of the tundra except

It is most abundant in the southern hemisphere

South Africa has a semi-arid climate with frequent drought because

Its latitude is about 30 degrees south

Which of the following represents the correct order of increasing energy (carbon) content of coal?

Lignite, Sub-bituminous, Bituminous, Anthracite

The parent material for the Billett Sandy Loam is made of

Loamy alluvium over loamy residuum

Which of the following soils would require the least amount of irrigation for agriculture?

Minocqua Muck

Unlike the Amazon and the Southeast US, the primary driver of deforestation in tropical Southeast Asia is:

Palm oil plantations

Which of the following land covers will have the highest runoff assuming similar soil conditions?

Parking Lot

Even though the boreal forest has low precipitation trees can grow because:

Precipitation is greater than evaporation

Biodiversity:

Refers to the number and variety of living organisms Varies by latitude Is declining due to habitat alteration

The Clean Air Act, signed into law by Richard Nixon in 1970

Resulted in an increase in production of low-sulfur coal from Wyoming

As the precipitation intensity increases, and all other factors remain constant,

Runoff increases in a non-linear fashion following the curve number

All of the following factors affect surface runoff except:

Soil texture Duration of precipitation Amount of precipitation Vegetation

Grassland is found on every continent except:

South America Australia Asia Europe

The price of, and international demand for soy and cattle drives deforestation in Brazil. If the price of these commodities drops the deforestation rate _________________

Soy and cattle, decreases

All of the following are gases in the atmosphere. Which is NOT a greenhouse gas?

Sulfur Dioxide

Soil salinization is caused by:

The creation of artificial deserts by poor agricultural practices

Which of the following types of water pollution is considered "point-source"?

Thermal discharge from a power plant

In places like the Southeast US, the amount of tree cover loss is quite high. At the same time the rate of tree cover gain is also high. This is because:

These are managed forests, where new trees are planted after others are harvested.

The K factor for the Muck soils is less than the other soils in the study areas because:

They are found in low-lying areas that catch water and do not let it run off, taking the soil with it.

Soil salinization is caused by:

Too much irrigation bringing salt to the soil surface

Natural systems tend to be in a steady state (homeostasis) because of negative feedback loops

True

An average citizen from which country has the largest ecological footprint?

United Arab Emirates

The Pesticide Leaching Potential of the majority of soils in the study area is considered:

Very limited

Which of the following is true of the climate of Portland, ME and/or Stevens Point, WI?

Winters in Portland, ME are warmer than those in Stevens Point because of Portland's proximity to the ocean.

What percent of the available freshwater is used by non-native trees in South Africa?

about 10%

The majority of fresh water in South Africa comes from

lakes and rivers

Small leaves with a waxy coating are an adaptation used by

plants in the desert and shrubland to protect themselves from moisture loss