Geography Chapter 1 & 2
Approximately what percentage of residents of the U.S. work directly in agriculture or farming today?
1%
A map has a scale of 1:12,000. One inch on this map would equal___ on the Earth's surface.
12,000 inches
Dixie
American South historically dependent on plantation agriculture dependent upon slavery -only 12% of population were plantation owners -no local market for goods -Civil war marked end of slavery based plantations system -wealth inequality and poverty remain high -a growing economic diversity in banking, manufacturing, film making, and tourism
Imagine that you just won a trip to Paris. Assuming that you leave BWI airport and fly east, what ocean will you fly over on your way to Paris?
Atlantic Ocean
The North American Megalopolis includes the city of
Boston
More than 2/3 of the U.S. fruits and nuts are grown in ___.
California
The Empty Quarter
Continental interior, a vast expanse of land with scarce population -Matanuska glacier, Alaska -Ogilive Mountains, yukon -low population density overall -setlements closely tied to resource extraction such as mining
The large triangular-shaped plain of sediment that formed where the Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea is called the Nile_____
Delta
The Mediterranean climate of North America's southern west coast is characterized by:
Dry warm summers and cool, moist winters
Physical geography
Earth science that emphasizes on the environment and the processes that shape it
Colonization
European trade expanded to include the Americas, Asia, and Africa
Breadbasket
Great plains was the source of much of the corn and wheat in north america -low population density -kansas grain silos and elevators -excelent soils -settled by farmers -"Dust bowl" of 1930's led to migration to west coast -irrigation grows increasingly because the western plains are too dry and so grazing dominates -relies heavily on the Ogallala Aquifer which is the largest in North America but suffers from overuse and pollution -fossil fuel extraction controversies
Globalization
Increased flows of goods, capital, labor, resources, information and pollution between regions
The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) is comprised of all of the following measures, except:
Infant mortality rates
Globalization has transformed economic development in North America, reorienting employment toward____.
Knowledge-intensive jobs that require education and training.
Industrial Revolution
Mechanization and specialization increased demand for resources, decreased demand for human and animal labor, and radically transformed physical and human geography.
Which climate region applies to Hagerstown, Maryland?
Midlatitude, moist all year (C1 climate type)
North America's largest river system is the___.
Mississippi
"Maritime" Provinces
New England and Canadian Atlantic. Fisheries historically important, activities like fishing, logging and mining. Economies are larger, more diverse and more stable than canadian maritime provinces. People come to watch whales, nesting birds and experience dramatic geology and tidal shifts -Cape St. Mary's Newfoundland -Bay of Fundy has the world's largest tidal range of 16.3 meters
Which of the following states was dramatically altered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the last glaciation?
New York
Hagerstown, Maryland is located in the_____ hemisphere and the___ hemisphere.
Northern, Western
The ____ is the largest aquifer in North America.
Ogallala
Multinational corporations
Operate across conventional borders, maximizing profit mainly by exploiting cheap labor. Sometimes associated with "neo-colonialism"
The ____ Ring of Fire is a zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanoes resulting from tectonic activity.
Pacific
The primary language is French in_____.
Quebec
Megalopolis
Several cities coalescing together -->Boston-New York-Philadelphia-baltimore-Washington, DC-Richmond
MexAmerica
Southern California and Southwest has Arid region with diverse cultural influences -settled by indigenous peoples and spanish -taken from Mexico by 1850 -Agriculture critical in California; tremendous government subsides and environmental modification -joshua tree national park -Montezuma's castle national monument Camp Verde, Arizona
According to modern plate-tectonic theory, which of the following DID NOT exist 237 million years ago?
The Atlantic Ocean
The sub-region known as North America's breadbasket is:
The Great Planes
Where on Earth does the Sun not appear above the horizon or "rise" for weeks during the winter?
The North Pole
"Rust Belt"
The Old Economic Core -manufacturing of iron ore, and coal thrived here -transportation by the great lakes and St. Lawrence seaway link to the Atlantic -youngstown ohio and bethlehem step, bethlehem PA -hagerstown is located here -cities today are reinventing themselves in becoming high tech research and manufacturing
Hagerstown, MD is located in which North American sub-region?
The Rust Belt
Which of the following statements is most accurate of the United States and Canada?
The United states and Canada are roughly the same size in terms of total land area.
Immigrants to North America generally compete with which social group for jobs?
The lowest paid, least educated workers.
Geography
The study of Earth's surface and the processes that shape it
What is primarily responsible for changing seasons on Earth
The tilt of the Earth's axis affects the amount and angle of incoming solar radiation striking various locations as the Earth revolves
Quebec
Trapping, logging, and fishing are historically important -maintianed french culture and language -Fairmont Le Château Frontenac the northern part is very dependent in primary sector activities such as mining and timber -black spruce timber is a major export
The primary difference between weather and climate is that___.
Weather refers to relatively short term temperature and precipitation conditions while climate refers to the long-term temperature and precipitation patterns or averages.
People began to arrive in North America thousands of years ago. It is believed by the majority of researchers that these early arrivals to North America migrated_____.
across the Bering land bridge from Asia
Longitude
also called Meridians, these are used to measure distance East or West from Greenwich, England (Prime Meridian)
Latitude
also called parallels, these Lines are used to measure distance North or South from the equator, they run east to west
Gentrification
attempts to re-invest in cities, often displacing the poor
degrees
divided into 60 minutes
Minutes
divided into 60 seconds
If a population pyramid is very wide at the base and narrow at the top, the population of that society is likely to...
grow rapidly
A researcher is at 0 degrees latitude and 0 degrees longitude. the researcher is located_____.
in the Atlantic Ocean
The distance (in degrees) north or south of the equator is called
latitude
Ecotopia
means the struggle between resource extraction and ecological sustainability -Sequoia National Park Southern Sierra Nevada, CA -Willamette National Forest, Oregon -Douglas Fir Trees, Oregon -deforestation in oregon -Grand Coulee Dam in Columbia River -recreational opportunities are often at odds with environmental sustainability
Orographic precipitation falls____.
on the windward coastal side of mountains
Urban/Suburban Sprawl
the growth of low-density urbanization outward from central cities
Geomorphology
the study of geologic landforms and the processes that shape them such as plate tectonics, weathering and erosion, depositions, etc.
Biogeography
the study of species distribution patterns
Human Geography
the various aspects of human life that create the distinctive landscapes and regions of the world
From 1945 to 2011, the world's population...
tripled
Subregions of North America
~New England and Canadian Atlantic "Maritme" Provinces ~Quebec/French Canada ~"Rust Belt" ~"Dixie" or "The South" ~"Breadbasket" ~"The Empty Quarter" ~"Ecotopia" ~"MexAmerica"