GEOL 100 ch 6-8

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Which of the numbered features is a lava flow?

a. 1

What type of tectonic event formed the main structures in the Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachian Mountains?

a. a continental collision

What type of eruption formed this flow-banded rhyolite?

a. a viscous lava flow

A fold that has only one dipping segment is a(n):

a. monocline

What type of basaltic feature is shown in this photograph?

a. pahoehoe lava flow

This volcano is relatively small and composed of volcanic cinders. What kind of volcano is it?

a. scoria cone

What are the rounded hills inside the Valles Caldera?

a. volcanic domes

Which of the numbers on this figure indicates typical continental conditions (regional metamorphism)?

b. 2

This photograph shows chalk. How is it formed?

b. accumulation of microscopic organisms composed of calcium carbonate

When a rock is subjected to tectonic forces and experiences stress that is not the same in all directions, it is under:

b. differential stress

What type of metamorphic feature is shown in this photograph?

b. foliation in banded gneiss

Long, thin lava flows are typically produced by:

b. low-viscosity lavas

What tectonic setting is interpreted to be the cause of volcanism at Yellowstone?

b. movement of North America over a mantle plume

Which of the following matches a sedimentary rock with a possible metamorphic equivalent?

b. shale-slate

Imbricated clasts in this river means that:

b. the current flowed from right to left

In what site on this figure would you expect high pressure/low temperature metamorphism?

c. A and B

What can you infer from this contact between an overlying conglomerate and underlying sandstone?

c. There was an abrupt event, such as a flood

What type of eruption formed this unit composed of volcanic blocks and volcanic ash?

c. a pyroclastic eruption

Which of the following does NOT help define lineation in some metamorphic rocks?

c. alternating layers of dark- and light-colored rock types

This relatively large, symmetrical volcano contains interlayered lava flow, pyroclastic deposits, and volcanic mudflows. What kind of volcano is it?

c. composite volcano

A very well sorted sandstone with large-scale cross-bedding indicates the sand was likely:

c. deposited by the wind in dunes

Fractures along which the rock has slipped relative to the other side are called:

c. faults

Under what conditions was this rock likely deformed?

c. hot and deep conditions

What type of fault is shown in this figure?

c. reverse fault

What type of stress formed the structure shown in this figure?

c. shear

In this section, a lower gray rock is successively overlain as follows: limestone is overlain by mudstone, which is overlain by beach sandstone. What is the best interpretation of what was going on?

c. the area was experiencing a regression

What feature is displayed as the two prominent, vertical lines cutting across the metamorphic rock in the image?

d. Two thin shear zones

This photograph shows chert. How does it form?

d. accumulation of silica-rich organisms or mixing of seawater and groundwater

Flood basalts influence life on Earth because:

d. all of these

What type of material likely composes this volcano?

d. all of these

Which of the following types of volcanic eruption have occurred on Mount St. Helens since it began erupting in 1980? a. eruption column b. volcanic dome c. pyroclastic flow d. all of these

d. all of these

These sandstone beds are interlayered with dark marine shales. What is the most likely environment in which the sandstone formed?

d. deep-water turbidity currents

What type of metamorphic feature is shown in this photograph?

d. foliation in banded gneiss

When basaltic lava reach the ocean they:

d. form pillow basalts

Which of the following does NOT help define layers in some sedimentary rocks?

e. all of these are ways that can define layers in sedimentary rocks

Which of the following is most likely to occur at shallow crustal levels?

e. brittle deformation


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