Global Issues UNIT 2 key actors on the world stage

The video speaks to building an empathic civilization based on: Allowing market processes and self-interest to operate unencumbered by burdensome regulation New human abilities to build a utopia if they can focus more on soft power Ego and asserting one's self-interest into the public sphere The recognition that life is fragile and the human inclination to show solidarity

The recognition that life is fragile and the human inclination to show solidarity

State sovereignty is: The right of states to self-government, with political leaders determining the rules, laws, and processes within their territories The right of all nations to self-government Only established by a vote of the United Nations General Assembly The ability of individuals to opt out of their country's laws if they choose

The right of states to self-government, with political leaders determining the rules, laws, and processes within their territories

International Governmental Organizations or IGOs (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Include celebrities as founding members, so they can raise money and build awareness surrounding global issues Include such organizations as the United Nations and the World Bank Have largely disappeared in recent years in favor of American exceptionalism Are formed by countries to achieve common goals that they cannot solve on their own

Are formed by countries to achieve common goals that they cannot solve on their own Include such organizations as the United Nations and the World Bank

Sovereignty (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Can be seen in a negative form when a repressive state throws a person in jail for trumped up or fabricated reasons Is seen when a state deports immigrants who have illegally crossed borders fleeing violence or looking for a better life Is held by all nations on the globe Can be seen in a positive form when a state fairly and effectively enforces traffic laws

Can be seen in a negative form when a repressive state throws a person in jail for trumped up or fabricated reasons Is seen when a state deports immigrants who have illegally crossed borders fleeing violence or looking for a better life Can be seen in a positive form when a state fairly and effectively enforces traffic laws

Rifkin argues families, schools, governments, and businesses: Must strongly downplay nationalism Are the embodiment of blood ties, undermining world government Can both repress and foster the core empathic nature in humans Do not impact the empathic drive, which is driven by ego and self interest

Can both repress and foster the core empathic nature in humans

Individuals serving as actors on the world stage include (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): States, such as Germany and China Celebrities such as Beyoncé and Angelina Jolie Social activists such as Leymah Gbowee and Greta Thunberg Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs), such as the Care and Doctors Without Borders

Celebrities such as Beyoncé and Angelina Jolie Social activists such as Leymah Gbowee and Greta Thunberg

According to the video, what are the essentials in the toolbox of diplomacy? (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers) Coercion Attraction Payment Inconsistency

Coercion Attraction Payment

The text identifies which type of actors as the most salient (or prominent) global players that we "continually" read about as they try to solve global issues? IGOs NGOs Countries (states) Individuals

Countries (states)

The text identifies which type of actors as the most salient (or prominent) global players that we "continually" read about as they try to solve global issues? IGOs Terrorist organizations such as ISIS Countries (states) MNCs

Countries (states)

Which of the following organizations is NOT an International Governmental Organization (IGO)? World Bank European Union (EU) Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières) Organization of American States (OAS)

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières)

What is a common critique of Multinational Corporations (MNCs, sometimes called TNCs) as global actors? They generally promote human rights too strongly They rely too much on slave labor in developing countries They often place too much attention on the rights of girls to education and employment Due to their economic strength and global networks, they exercise too much power

Due to their economic strength and global networks, they exercise too much power

According to Jeremy Rifkin's video, humans are driven by many motivations, but the "first drive" is: Nationalism Empathy Self-Interest Utilitarianism

Empathy

Rifkin concludes that: Religious ties move us past nationalism to deeper identity If we can't imagine our empathy extending to a planetary scale, we won't be able to save ourselves or possibly the planet Markets should be governed by NGOs, which draw on our empathic drives MNCs that do not adopt social responsibility initiatives should be shamed for their lack of empathy

If we can't imagine our empathy extending to a planetary scale, we won't be able to save ourselves or possibly the planet

What are sources of identity that can contribute to a sense of nationalism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers)? Feelings of civic community Ethnicity Historical memory Geographic proximity

Feelings of civic community Ethnicity Historical memory Geographic proximity

The French Revolution (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Greatly strengthened the idea of popular sovereignty Reinforced French citizens' identities more within religions, guilds, and villages, as opposed to a broader French identity Was an example of how ultra-nationalistic governments are always illegitimate in the eyes of the people Was an important moment in setting the roots of modern nationalism

Greatly strengthened the idea of popular sovereignty Was an important moment in setting the roots of modern nationalism Was a catalyst for the spread of nationalism throughout Europe and, gradually, the rest of the world

Nations are best defined as: Groups connected by a unique mix of shared ethnicity, language, religion, culture, history, and/or sense of civic community The same now as they were under medieval feudalism Anachronistic groups that no longer exist (since the UN Treaty of 1928) Synonymous with states

Groups connected by a unique mix of shared ethnicity, language, religion, culture, history, and/or sense of civic community

Researchers across different fields have found that: Religious solidarity is what will allow humans to overcome egotistic self interest Nationalism and religion are essential to the empathic drive Previous civilizations have been empathic, but current political realities show a lack of a solidarity drive Humans are "soft wired" to show empathy

Humans are "soft wired" to show empathy

International Governmental Organizations or IGOs (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Include such organizations as the United Nations and the World Bank Include celebrities as founding members, so they can raise money and build awareness surrounding global issues Are generally for-profit organizations, like Nike or Toyota, and have gained increasing power in recent decades Are not made up of countries, but are rather best understood as civil society organizations

Include such organizations as the United Nations and the World Bank

A state (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Is a political unit that has sovereignty over a geographic area Is synonymous with a nation Has roots in the UN Treaty of 1928 Is synonymous with a country Has roots in the Treaty of Westphalia of 1648

Is a political unit that has sovereignty over a geographic area Is synonymous with a country Has roots in the Treaty of Westphalia of 1648 Is a political unit that has sovereignty over a geographic area

Which individual actor led Liberian women in non-violent protests against the violence in Liberia, winning the Nobel Peace Prize? Benazir Bhutto Leymah Gbowee Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Malala Yousafzai

Leymah Gbowee

Which individual actor led Liberian women in non-violent protests against the violence in Liberia, winning the Nobel Peace Prize? Melania Bush Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Malala Yousafzai Leymah Gbowee

Leymah Gbowee

Three essential components (types) of power identified by Nye include: Military Power, Economic Power, Attraction (Soft) Power Leadership Power, Hard Power, Conventional Power Nuclear Power, Conventional Power, Economic Power Leadership Power, Geographic Power, Conventional Power

Military Power, Economic Power, Attraction (Soft) Power

Which of the following is NOT true about Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and their impact on international affairs? NGOs help shape international public opinion NGOs allow individuals to come together to deal with common concerns NGOs can facilitate communications across state borders NGOs are solely responsible for inter-state cooperation

NGOs are solely responsible for inter-state cooperation

Multinational Corporations (MNCs, sometimes called TNCs) are: Divisions of the United Nations Non-profit organizations Non-state (non-governmental) actors, focused on profit Illegitimate actors on the world stage

Non-state (non-governmental) actors, focused on profit

Nationalism is (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): One of the most important forms of human identity A force that guarantees a group (nation) will have sovereignty over a piece of territory Sports fans with a fanatical love of their home team Almost never strong, because of the diversity within all societies

One of the most important forms of human identity

Rifkin argues that (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Our social consciousness evolves and we can extend it to the entire biosphere, allowing us to survive as a species We may survive as a species because we evolved to nation-states, the highest form of human social organization The lack of an international response to the earthquake in Chile shows the challenges in building empathy Technology helps us "eliminate time and space" and build empathy beyond religious and national ties

Our social consciousness evolves and we can extend it to the entire biosphere, allowing us to survive as a species Technology helps us "eliminate time and space" and build empathy beyond religious and national ties

The drawing of state borders on maps during the age of exploration and colonialism (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): Paved the way for rulers to exert sovereignty over specific areas, as opposed to the fuzzy boundaries found under feudalism Strengthened local identities and ties to local nobles during medieval feudalism Decreased citizen participation in government markedly in the countries that were drawn Led to the enhancement of sovereignty and national identity in world affairs

Paved the way for rulers to exert sovereignty over specific areas, as opposed to the fuzzy boundaries found under feudalism Led to the enhancement of sovereignty and national identity in world affairs

Nation-states (one nation within one state): Rarely exist in the strictest sense of the term, if national identity is based on ethnicity Are undesirable, because they almost always lead to extremism and war Are exactly the same as countries, with all countries considered nation-states when national identity is based on ethnicity Are best exemplified by Canada, which is ethnically homogenous

Rarely exist in the strictest sense of the term, if national identity is based on ethnicity

According to Rifkin, people are "soft-wired" for: Idealistic notions Aggression, Violence, Self-Interest Sociability, Attachment, Affection, Companionship War and conflict

Sociability, Attachment, Affection, Companionship

Using the attractiveness of a state's reputation to encourage international cooperation is an example of: Hard power Soft power Power of the people Positive-sum power

Soft power

Match the types of power with the examples:

Soft powers -peace negotiations -promoting international law and cooperation through diplomacy Hard Power -Military Operations -economic sanction

State sovereignty started to become a cornerstone of international affairs after the signing of which treaty: The Treaty of Westphalia The Magna Carta The Singapore Protocol The Declaration of Independence

The Treaty of Westphalia

All of the following are Non-Governmental Organizations (or NGOs) except: Amnesty International Doctors Without Borders Red Cross The United Nations

The United Nations

Which of the following is NOT an example of "hard" power? A cyberattack on a country's political parties during an election campaign to shape the election The size of nuclear arms stockpiles within a particular state Placing hostile troops in another country The capacity to work within multilateral coalitions and inspire other countries to find avenues for cooperation

The capacity to work within multilateral coalitions and inspire other countries to find avenues for cooperation

The benefits that ALL International Governmental Organizations (IGOs) offer their members include: The establishment of stringent regulations which limit sovereignty The creation of habits of cooperation between states The elimination of all disagreements between member states The ability to force governments to make decisions

The creation of habits of cooperation between states

What is "Smart Power"? The hard power of coercion and payment, combined with the soft power of persuasion and attraction Using computer algorithms to arrive at foreign policy decisions The application of diplomacy and attraction Conflict resolution through war and economic sanctions

The hard power of coercion and payment, combined with the soft power of persuasion and attraction

Nationalism can be seen in (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): The push by the Kurdish people for self-determination Gandhi's drive for independence from Great Britain before and after WWII Nazi repression of Jews, Gypsies, and others during WWII The fact that all nations are states with sovereignty The singing of the national anthem at baseball games

The push by the Kurdish people for self-determination Gandhi's drive for independence from Great Britain before and after WWII Nazi repression of Jews, Gypsies, and others during WWII The singing of the national anthem at baseball games

Which of the following are examples of nationalism as a powerful force (select all that apply, there are one to four possible correct answers): The sense of shared identity that sparked oppressed peoples to overthrow their colonizers from India to Africa The anticolonial movements that helped lead to the increase in the number of states from 57 in 1900 to almost 200 today The feelings of national pride and preeminence that spurred European colonization throughout the developing world The ongoing struggle of the Kurds for autonomy or even their own state

The sense of shared identity that sparked oppressed peoples to overthrow their colonizers from India to Africa The anticolonial movements that helped lead to the increase in the number of states from 57 in 1900 to almost 200 today The feelings of national pride and preeminence that spurred European colonization throughout the developing world The ongoing struggle of the Kurds for autonomy or even their own state The strong sense of superiority felt in Nazi Germany, leading to the death of millions The creation of the United Nations, in as much as it was meant to restrain the destructive tendencies of nationalism

The European Union was created: As a first step toward creating the United Nations To build closer relations among European states so that they would not again go to war In the 19th century to promote colonialism As a precursor to the World Bank, which led to the establishment of the euro

To build closer relations among European states so that they would not again go to war

According to the video: Blood ties no longer exist because of the intermingling of peoples and globalization We all descended from the same ancestors in Africa and we must broaden our identity to one human family Religious identities are the most destructive Ego and self-interest should be a person's first drive

We all descended from the same ancestors in Africa and we must broaden our identity to one human family