Glomerular Filtration Barrier

Permeability of the GFB is based on

molecular weight and charge

the basement membrane of the GFB is

negatively charged

proximal straight tubules are or are not specialized for absorption

not

podocytes look like

octopus

the vasa recta is the

peritubular capillary network

renal tubules resorb these things ______ from the _______

plasma proteins, amino acids, glucose, sodium chlorine, calcium, phosphate, water, glomerular capsule

physical limitations of the glomerular filtration barrier

podocyte epithelium slits, pore size of the glomerular wall

the distal convoluted tubules secrete

potassium, drugs, toxins, hydrogen ions and uric acid into the ultrafiltrate to generate bicarbonate

the loop of henle functions to

resorb water and salt, concentrating urine

which molecules can get through the GFB, examples

small and negatively charged molecules, sodium and potassium ions

the ___ cell bodies of ____ project into the capsular space of the glomerular filtration unit

squamous, podocytes

the proximal convoluted tubules absorbs

65% of ultrafiltrate/glomerular filtrate

these pumps are in the proximal convoluted tubule

Na/K-ATPase, AQP-1

which molecules cannot get through the GFB, examples

large and positively charged molecules, hemoglobin and albumin

the thick segment of the loop of henle allows sodium to be

actively transported out of the loop of henle

the distal convoluted tubules are

arched collecting tubules or connecting tubules

the podocyte feet attached to the ______ of capillaries

basement membrane

the loop of henle goes into the ____ to enter ___, and then leaves the ____ and makes contact with the ____ enters the ___

cortex in the medullary rays, the vicinity of its renal corpuscle of origin, medullary rays, vascular pole of its parent renal corpuscle

the distal convoluted tubules are part of the

cortical labyrinth

the distal convoluted tubules empty into the ___ and then empty into the _____ which are _____, which then ____ which empties into the ____ and then the _____

cortical labyrinth, cortical collecting ducts, located in the medullary ray, empty into the minor calyx, renal pelvis, ureter

the proximal convoluted tubule is lined by these cells

cuboidal which endocytose, brush border, junctional complex, plicae

the thick ascending limb is also called the

distal straight tubule

the macula densa is formed by the

epithelial cells of the tubule adjacent to the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus

a molecules that enters the capsular space has to go through the, and is essentially

fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane (molecular sieve, fused endothelial and epithelial basement membrane), double-filtered

the podocytes make ___ when they ____

filtration slits, interdigitate

the glomerular filtration unit is made up of (3)

glomerular basement membrane, endothelium of glomerular (fenestrated) capillaries, visceral layer of Bowman's capsule glomerular epithelium (podocytes)

renal tubules reabsorb these things

glucose, amino acids, 50% of urea, vitamins and water, polypeptide proteins

plicate in the proximal convoluted tubules do this

increase surface area

the glomerular filtration barrier is encased by

the parietal layers of Bowman's capsule

the loop of henle is one unit composed of the

thin descending limb, thick ascending limb, thick ascending limb

renal tubules are also called

tubes of the nephron

the thin segment of the loop of henle is lined with ___ and resorbs

type I, II, and III cuboidal cells, water, sodium, urea

the proximal convoluted tubule comes directly out of the ____ and enters into the ______ to become the ____ aka the _____ and then descends into the _____

urinary pole, medullary ray, proximal straight tubule, thin descending limb of the LOH, medulla

glomerular filtrate passes into the _____ through the _____

urinary pole, proximal convoluted tubules

the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), how much does the nephron filter

urinary pole,160 L/day, 55 nl/min

the juxtaglomerular apparatus resorbs

water and sodium

type 4 cuboidal cells in the loops of henle resorb

water, sodium

the distal convoluted tubules resorb

water, sodium, bicarbonate ions