Glomerular Filtration Barrier
Permeability of the GFB is based on
molecular weight and charge
the basement membrane of the GFB is
negatively charged
proximal straight tubules are or are not specialized for absorption
not
podocytes look like
octopus
the vasa recta is the
peritubular capillary network
renal tubules resorb these things ______ from the _______
plasma proteins, amino acids, glucose, sodium chlorine, calcium, phosphate, water, glomerular capsule
physical limitations of the glomerular filtration barrier
podocyte epithelium slits, pore size of the glomerular wall
the distal convoluted tubules secrete
potassium, drugs, toxins, hydrogen ions and uric acid into the ultrafiltrate to generate bicarbonate
the loop of henle functions to
resorb water and salt, concentrating urine
which molecules can get through the GFB, examples
small and negatively charged molecules, sodium and potassium ions
the ___ cell bodies of ____ project into the capsular space of the glomerular filtration unit
squamous, podocytes
the proximal convoluted tubules absorbs
65% of ultrafiltrate/glomerular filtrate
these pumps are in the proximal convoluted tubule
Na/K-ATPase, AQP-1
which molecules cannot get through the GFB, examples
large and positively charged molecules, hemoglobin and albumin
the thick segment of the loop of henle allows sodium to be
actively transported out of the loop of henle
the distal convoluted tubules are
arched collecting tubules or connecting tubules
the podocyte feet attached to the ______ of capillaries
basement membrane
the loop of henle goes into the ____ to enter ___, and then leaves the ____ and makes contact with the ____ enters the ___
cortex in the medullary rays, the vicinity of its renal corpuscle of origin, medullary rays, vascular pole of its parent renal corpuscle
the distal convoluted tubules are part of the
cortical labyrinth
the distal convoluted tubules empty into the ___ and then empty into the _____ which are _____, which then ____ which empties into the ____ and then the _____
cortical labyrinth, cortical collecting ducts, located in the medullary ray, empty into the minor calyx, renal pelvis, ureter
the proximal convoluted tubule is lined by these cells
cuboidal which endocytose, brush border, junctional complex, plicae
the thick ascending limb is also called the
distal straight tubule
the macula densa is formed by the
epithelial cells of the tubule adjacent to the afferent arteriole of the glomerulus
a molecules that enters the capsular space has to go through the, and is essentially
fenestrated endothelium, glomerular basement membrane (molecular sieve, fused endothelial and epithelial basement membrane), double-filtered
the podocytes make ___ when they ____
filtration slits, interdigitate
the glomerular filtration unit is made up of (3)
glomerular basement membrane, endothelium of glomerular (fenestrated) capillaries, visceral layer of Bowman's capsule glomerular epithelium (podocytes)
renal tubules reabsorb these things
glucose, amino acids, 50% of urea, vitamins and water, polypeptide proteins
plicate in the proximal convoluted tubules do this
increase surface area
the glomerular filtration barrier is encased by
the parietal layers of Bowman's capsule
the loop of henle is one unit composed of the
thin descending limb, thick ascending limb, thick ascending limb
renal tubules are also called
tubes of the nephron
the thin segment of the loop of henle is lined with ___ and resorbs
type I, II, and III cuboidal cells, water, sodium, urea
the proximal convoluted tubule comes directly out of the ____ and enters into the ______ to become the ____ aka the _____ and then descends into the _____
urinary pole, medullary ray, proximal straight tubule, thin descending limb of the LOH, medulla
glomerular filtrate passes into the _____ through the _____
urinary pole, proximal convoluted tubules
the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), how much does the nephron filter
urinary pole,160 L/day, 55 nl/min
the juxtaglomerular apparatus resorbs
water and sodium
type 4 cuboidal cells in the loops of henle resorb
water, sodium
the distal convoluted tubules resorb
water, sodium, bicarbonate ions