History - 16.3 guided reading
what was the 14th point?
called for creation of the league of nations
The Germans __________, after multiple attempts, capture _________ from American and French Troops.
failed to; Paris
zeppelins
giant, rigid balloon used to drop bombs on warships in the North Sea, by Germany
what did the debate over the treaty of versailles point out
the pros and cons of international treaties and organizations
what were the reservationists willing to do?
willing to support the treaty if amendments were made to the League of Nations
what was the fourteen points?
wilson's peace plan
what would the League of Nations do?
would help preserve peace by pledging respect and protect to each other's territory and political independence
what did convoys do?
1. Greatly reduced shipping losses 2. Ensured American troops arrived safely in time to help
November 11, 1918
Armistice Day, fighting stopped
why did trench warfare result in such horrific casualties?
Because artillery and machine guns had made capturing an enemy's position nearly impossible
November 9, 1918
Germany became a republic
June 28, 1919
Germany signs the Treaty of Versailles
treaty of versailles
Germany's troops were reduced and not allowed west of Rhine River, had to pay reparations(33 billion) designed to keep their economy weak for a long time, called for creation of a League of Nations
who led the reservationists?
Henry Cabot Lodge
who was a part of the Big Four?
Wilson (America), Clemenceau (France), Lloyd George (Great Britain), and Orlando (Italy)
convoy
a group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it
armistice
a temporary agreement to end fighting
what did the next 8 points say?
addressed the right of national self-determination
what new technologies were introduced in WWI?
airtillery, trench warfare, tanks, and aircraft fighting
where was the western front?
between Germany and France
why did the US not become a part of the league of nations?
many US senators opposed it, thought it would force the US to go to war
did the US join the league of nations?
no
reparations
payment by the losing country in a war to the winner for the damages caused by the war
what did the first 5 points say?
prosposed to eliminate the causes of the war through free trase, freedom of the seas, disarmament, an impartial adjustment of colonial claims, and open diplomacy
What did the Irreconcilables refuse?
refused to support the treaty under any circumstances
what allowed russia to leave WWI?
the Bolshevik Party took over, created a communist government, and a treaty was signed with Germany
national self-determination
the free choice by the people of a nation of their own future political status
Early November 1918
the government of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Ottoman empire surrendered to the Allies; the Germans had began to retreat
