History Ch.12

What happened during the Peloponnesian war?

Athens and allied fought Sparta and allies. The Spartan side won.

Why were the Greek city states open to an attack by Phillip?

After the Peloponnesian War, the Greek city-states were weakened and disorganized.

Drama

A part of every city's Greek festival that talked about heroes and legends.

Pericles

A person who uses their speaking skills to help or persuade people.

Plague

A really bad sickness that started in Athens in 430 B.C and caused many people to die.

Catapult

A tool that was used to throw or hurl stones at enemy forces & city walls.

How did hellenistic develop?

Alexander and his armies took Greek way with him wherever they went. They also adapted the styles of the culture they conquered.

How far eastward in Asia did Alexander build his empire?

Alexander and his forces reached the Indus River Valley and India.

What was the result of the Peloponnesian war?

All the greek city states that participated were weakened.

What were the causes of the war between Athens and Sparta?

City-states controlled by Athens resented its power. Other city-states resent Athens using the Delian League funds for itself.

How is direct democracy different from representative democracy?

In direct democracy all citizens participate in government activities. In a representative democracy, selected individuals do this task.

Why is Hellenistic science so important?

Discoveries in astronomy, math, and physics come from Hellenistic science.

What new elements did greek art, and architecture introduce?

Drama, use of ideal in sculpture, and columns.

What led Athens and Sparta to fight a war?

Fear of Athens' power, Athens' navel empire, Athenian settlers moving into other lands, and abusing the Delian League.

Direct Democracy

Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly.

In what areas of math and science did Greek thinkers work?

Greece thinkers worked in astronomy, geometry, and physics.

What was the goal of greek artists?

Greek artists aimed to show objects in ideal forms.

How did culture change under Alexander's rule?

Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian culture blended from Hellenistic culture.

How did Alexander build an empire?

He gained control of Greece, conquered Persia, took its land, and took land in Central Asia and India.

Alexander the Great

He's the king of Macedonia who conquered central Asia.

How did Heroduts and Thucydis influence the writing of history today?

Herodotus tried to record facts in his stories. Thucydides wanter accuracy. He used documents and eyewitnesses accounts.

What democratic changes did Pericles bring?

Paid public officials

How did the greek love of reason and logic influence the development of western thought?

Perhaps the greatest legacy in Greece left for the world was the idea of democracy and a way to run the government.

How did Athens become more powerful?

Pericles took the funds from the Delian league to build a huge navy.

How did Pericles finance his program to make Athens beautiful?

Pericles used money from the treasury of the Delian League without its approval.

How did the power of Athens expand?

Pericles used the delian leagues money to build a strong fleet for Athens.

Who conquered the greek city states?

Philip II, King Of Macedonia

How did the Pericles beautify Athens?

Rebuilt Acropolis, added sculptures, and beautiful buildings

Parthenon

Temple of Athena.

Delian League

The league that Athens made up where all city states would gather together to protect one another from the Persians.

Hellenistic

The blend of all cultures that Alexander the great's army went through.

What was the long term effect of the Peloponnesian war?

The city states lost economic and military power and were vulnerable to attack by Philip of Macedonia .

What caused Pericles' strategy to fail?

The plague broke out in the overcrowded city causing the deaths of many Athens.

Acropolis

The tallest mountain in Athens.

Peloponnesian War

When Sparta and their allies fought Athens and their allies.

Truce

When you tell your enemy to stop fighting at any time and they agree.