History of Funeral Service - Compend
With the introduction of coffins and early funeral goods, which of the following were primarily pursuing the undertaking professions: The clergy, The doctors, Craftsman, Survivors
Craftsman
Many historians credit the Greeks as the first to use
Cremation
The "Father of Modern Embalming" in the united state is
Dr. Thomas Holmes
The Ba, Yakhu, The Name, The Heart, The Shadow, and The Ka are elements of the body that were associated with which of the following cultures: Romans, Greeks, Egyptians, Hebrews
Egyptians
The placing of various organs in canopic jars and embalming by class distinction was specifically associated with which of the following early civilization: Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Early Christians
Egyptians
According to ancient Egyptian death beliefs, the element of the body which remained with the body in the grave and demanded attention from the living was the
Ka
Early Scandinavians referred to Valhalla as
Land of the Dead
The Roman "Head Undertaker" was referred to as the
Libitinarious
The "Guild of All Souls" was established in
London, England
The "Designator" in ancient Rome was also referred to as the
Master of Ceremonies
Burial Societies were becoming common place during
Medieval Period
Another name for the Dark Ages was
Middle-Ages
In Egyptian history, the walled suburb of a major city where embalming was performed was referred to as the
Necropolis
Tree Burial was associated with which of the following: Ethiopians, Persians, North American Indians, Peruvians
North American Indians
Which people are known to have skinned their dead as part of the body preparation procedure?
North American Indians
The Egyptian "God of the Dead" was
Osiris
Which of the following was NOT a consideration with the introduction of the metallic burial casket: Ounces per square foot, Introduction of the ogee design, Emphasis on preservation of the dead, Changes in various designs
Ounces per square foot
Of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process, who was in charge of the funeral procession of an influential Egyptian: Physician, Surgeon, Chief Embalmer, Scribe
Physician
The "Crier" in Ancient Rome was also referred to as
Praeco
Which of the following did the Egyptians believe to be the Center of the Universe: The Nile River, The Amazon River, The Mediterranean Sea, The Sun
The Sun
During the Middle Ages, a waxed death mask was referred to as a(n)
effigy
Jewish funeral customs were noted for their
simplicity
The deceased Hebrews dressed in
their best attire
The period of time when the Egyptians were embalming bodies was
Ancient
The "Cult of Osiris" identified with which early civilization
Ancient Egyptians
Which culture is associated with the practice of immersing the body of the dead in earthen jars filled with honey or wax?
Babylonians
The term used by the Jewish people to represent the flesh was
Basar
The Necropolis was
City of the Dead
One of the countries which made mask making very popular in replacing the body during the long periods the body was lying in state was
England
The earliest assumed state of man was depictive of which era?
Eolithic
The ones who created mummies that were referred to as "Xaxos" were the
Gaunches
The person who had Gannal's book published in the United States was
Harlan
The person who was responsible for bringing the European embalming techniques to the U.S. was
Harlan
The Egyptians felt that which of the following was the seat of intellect and emotion: Brain, Heat, Lungs, Soul
Heart
The civilization of people whose faith necessitated burial of the deceased by sundown on the day of the death was the
Hebrews
Who was the Greek historian known as the "Father of History"?
Herodotus
The person who discovered formaldehyde in 1868 was
Hofmann
Which of the following is NOT part of the expensive Egyptian embalming method: Removal of the brain through the ear or nostril passage, Drying in open sunlight, Evisceration through the abdominal incision, Immersion in molten asphalt
Immersion in molten asphalt
Which of the following was NOT a consideration in the development of coffins and burial cases: Improvement in style and composition, Emphasis on increased utility, Desire for complete protection, Importance on preservation of the deceased
Importance on preservation of the deceased
The "Sin-eater" was associated with which of the following: Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, Middle-ages
Middle-ages
Which of these cultures were believed to have thrown their dead to hordes of wild dogs: Mongolians, Hindustanies, Aryan Tribes, Balearians
Mongolians
The Jewish people believe the individual was made up of two elements which were
Nefesh and Basar
With which era are the years 30,000 B.C. to 6,000 B.C. associated?
Neolithic Period
The individual designated to eviscerate and was the Egyptian remains was: Apothecary, Scribe, Surgeon, None of these
None of these
How often did the inundation (overflowing) of the Nile River occur?
Once a year
The Jewish religious sect which had a very strict viewpoint of their religious policies and procedures were the
Orthodox
The Deity who is known as "God of the Underworld" is
Osiris
In ancient Egyptian Beliefs of the Cult of Osiris, who was Osiris wicked brother?
Set
The most desirable mode of disposition for the Egyptians was
entombment
Constantine's Sumptuary Laws
was a body of mortuary laws
The percentage of Egyptians prepared by the inexpensive method of embalming was
80%
Which of the following is NOT part of a Roman Committal Service: Casting earth upon the remains by the family of the deceased, Purification of the family and friends by washing of the hands, Burial mass celebrated at the grave site, Dedication of the burial grounds
Burial mass celebrated at the grave site
The first people to dress their dead in white clothing were the
Christians
The name of the place of Greek afterlife was
Hades
In discussing the undertaking specialists of ancient Egypt, which one of the following was referred to as the priest: Designer, Dissector, Apothecary, Kher-heb
Kher-heb
Libitina and Libitinerius are funeral functionaries identified with which of the following early cultures: Romans, Greeks, Hebrews, Egyptains
Romans
The most noted impact the Egyptian coffins had on another civilization was with the
Romans
According to ancient Egyptian history, which of the following numbers approximates the number of years required to complete the journey known as the "Circle of Necessity": 30,000, 3,000, 300, 30
3,000
The Sun worshipers believed people were developed from ___ elements
6
The term "Tabona" referred to which of the following: A form of coffin, A god worshiped by an early culture, A flint stone knife, A type of tomb for burial
A flint stone knife
The people who dressed their dead in togas were the
Romans
Who usually has their funeral processions during the night
Romans
Burial trends during the Middle Ages were greatly influenced by the
church
The Great Plague of London took place during the
middle-ages
The use of an "effigy" became popularized during
middle-ages
In discussing early American funerals, inviters to funerals and town undertakers were referred to as
municipal officers
What approximate percentage of the Egyptian populace were prepared by the expensive method of embalming
2%
The years associated with the Medieval Period are
600 A.D. to 1850 A.D.
The term Sarcophagus refers to which of the following: A burial ceremony, A cremation urn, A coffin, A type of Canopic Jar
A coffin
The individual involved in embalming the Egyptian dead whose function was to anoint the body with the necessary oils, spices, and ointments was the
Apothecary Servant
The first Christian ruler of Rome was
Constantine
the Great Plague of London took place in (years)
1664-1665
Which of the following was NOT a major influence in the development of chemical embalming: Air tight receptacles, The Civil War, Element of disinfection, A longer viewing period
Air tight receptacles
The country which practiced "Communion of the Dead" was: A. Germany, B. Ireland, C. Scotland, D. B&C
D. Ireland and Scotland
The year 1628 is associated with which great event in the history of embalming?
Discovery of blood circulation
Which of the following came first: Treatment of disease, Formulation of government, Funeral customs, Formulation of definite religious beliefs
Funeral customs
Which of the following does NOT have any significance in the Greek Burial practices and customs: An Obol, Cerberus, God's Little Acre, Charon
God's Little Acre
The "Elysian Fields" death belief is associated with which of the following cultures: Hebrew, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans
Greeks
The Cult of Dionysius is associated with which of the following cultures: Romans, Greeks, Egyptians, Hebrews
Greeks
The ___ are credited with the introduction of cremation
Greeks
In the mythological concepts of the Greek Afterlife, the Greeks prepared the body to go to
Hades
The canopic jars which housed the organs of deceased Egyptians were named after the four sons of
Horus
Which of the following was not part of an Egyptian Funeral Procession: Professional mourners, The body placed on a sled which was drawn by oxen, Religious representatives, Jesters
Jesters
The "Kiss of Peace" represented a major break in tradition between Christians and the
Jewish
The people who cremated their dead with all of their worldly possessions were
Northern Europeans
Which of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process was the most prominent: Chief Embalmer, Priest, Apothecary, Dissector
Priest
Of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process, the person who marked the length of the incision with a charcoal pencil was the: Physician, Surgeon, Chief Embalmer, Scribe
Scribe
The name of the Jewish grave that was covered with a stone slab is
Sunken
Which of the following is NOT true of the Ancient Jewish funeral: They did not practice cremation, In the beginning they didn't use caskets or outer enclosures, Embalming was not practiced, The women always prepared the dead bodies
The women always prepared the dead bodies
Regarding the journey known as the Circle of Necessity, according to the Egyptians, where did this journey lead?
To the Sun and back
The focal point of a Roman Funeral Procession was the
Torch bearer
The Egyptian coffin which gained popularity because of the influence of Osiris was called the
anthropoid
The most expensive method of Egyptian embalming consisted of five steps, the last of which was
bandaging and anointing
The injection of cedar oil into the abdomen of the body was utilized in the medium period of Egyptian embalming, causing organs in the cavity to
be dissolved
The most common form of disposition for the early Scandinavians was
cremation
Jewish burials were scheduled
during the day of death before sundown
The Medieval Irish wakes were known for their
light-hearted practices
Egyptian burial receptacles which were large, massive, and rectangular in shape, describe the ___ casket
sarcophagus
The individual involved in embalming the Egyptian dead whose functions were embalming and wrapping of the remains was the
surgeon
The one in Egypt known as God of the Underworld and Judge of the Dead was
Osiris
