HISTORY OF GRAPHIC DESIGN: MODULE 1 THE INVENTION OF WRITING 1

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Our use of visual symbols originated with the Egyptians; from them we inherited the zodiac, the scales of justice, and the use of animals to represent concepts, cities, and people.

True

The manuscript illustrations were drawn in simplified contour lines using black or brown ink, and then flat color was applied using white, black, brown, blue, green, and sometimes yellow pigments.

True

The wooden palette used by the scribe was a trademark identifying the carrier as being able to read and write.

True

the ancient land of Mesopotamia "the land between rivers," was the cradle of civilization.

True

Egyptian Hieroglyphs

Unlike the Sumerians, whose pictographic writing evolved into abstract cuneiform, the Egyptians retained their picture-writing system, called hieroglyphics

A bottom surface of vertical fibers

Verso

The _____________ used by the scribe was a trademark identifying the carrier as being able to read and write.

Wooden Palette

Was a trademark identifying the carrier as being able to read and write.

Wooden Palette

________is the visual counterpart of speech.

Writing

_____________ selected to become scribes began their schooling at the edubba, the writing school or "tablet house,"

Youngsters

Its vast, multi-storey brick temples were constructed as a series of recessed levels, becoming smaller toward the top of the shrine.

Ziggurat

Hieroglyphics (Greek _____________for after the Egyptian for "the god's words"

"sacred carving,"

Until recent discoveries indicated that early peoples in Thai-land may have practiced agriculture and manufactured pottery at an even earlier date, archaeologists had long believed that the ancient land of Mesopotamia, _____________was the cradle of civilization.

"the land between rivers,"

Code of Hammurabi, who reigned from ______________

1792 to 1750

The Code of Hammurabi is written in careful cuneiform on a _________________________________used for commemorative purposes

2.5-meter (8-foot) tall stele, an inscribed or carved stone or slab

The stele contains _________ gridded in twenty-one columns.

282 laws

Assyrians simplified it into only _______ signs.

560

The invention of writing

About an intellectual revolution that had a vast impact upon social order, economic progress, and technological and future cultural developments.

Sumerians pictographic writing evolved into ___________

Abstract cuneiform

Often could not be adapted to pictographic representation.

Adverbs, prepositions, and personal names

____________simplified it into only 560 signs.

Assyrians

The oldest extant artifact combining words and pictures on the same surface.

Blau monument

__________an oval frame around the glyph of an important figure, is also the French word for "bullet," the frame's shape.

Cartouche

is also the French word for "bullet," the frame's shape.

Cartouche

Scribes and artists were commissioned to prepare funerary papyri,

Chapters of Coming Forth by Day or Book of the Dead.

The ________________ is written in careful cuneiform on a 2.5-meter (8-foot) tall stele, an inscribed or carved stone or slab used for commemorative purposes

Code of Hammurabi

Pictographs evolved into an abstract sign writing called ____________(from the Latin for "wedge-shaped")

cuneiform

__________ became rebus writing, which is pictures and/or pictographs representing words and syllables with the same or similar sound as the object depicted.

Cuneiform

Mesopotamian Visual Identification

Cutters of cylinder and stamp seals developed great skill and a refined sense of design. The earliest seals were engraved with simple pictures of kings, a line of cattle, or mythic creatures.

In ancient times the______________ plant grew along the Nile in shallow marshes and pools.

Cyperus papyrus

An even more abstract script called _______ (from the Greekwordfor "popular") came into secular use for commercial and legal writing by the year 400 BCE.

Demotic

Came into secular use for commercial and legal writing by the year 400 BCE

Demotic

"tablet house,"

Edubba

The writing school for youngsters that are selected to become scribes

Edubba

Greek culture received much of its knowledge from the _________

Egyptians

The ____________ were the first people to produce illustrated manuscripts in which words and pictures were combined to communicate information.

Egyptians

They inherited both forms of identification from the Sumerians.

Egyptians

Hieroglyphics

Egyptians retained their picture-writing system,

There are ______different papyrus grades were made for uses ranging from royal proclamations to daily accounting.

Eight

Papyrus and writing

Eight different papyrus grades were made for uses ranging from royal proclamations to daily accounting. The finished sheets had an upper surface of horizontal fibers called the recto and a bottom surface of vertical fibers called the verso.

The origin of the Sume-rians—who settled in the lower part of the ______________before 3000 bce—remains a great mystery

Fertile Crescent

Greek for "sacred carving," after the Egyptian for "the god's words"

Hieroglyphics

Prehistoric visual communication

In the Twelfth Dynasty, carved scarab emblems were commonly used as identification seals.

________________ seals provided a forgery-proof method for sealing documents and proving their authenticity

Mesopotamian cylinder

The drawstring sack for dried ink cakes, and a reed brush holder.

Old Kingdom palette

The hieroglyph for scribe depicted the ______________ , the drawstring sack for dried ink cakes, and a reed brush holder. The changes in this glyph demonstrate the evolutionary process

Old Kingdom palette

Incised into a precious pale blue quartz called chalcedony in a gold mount, this seal, with its symmetrical design of a pair of heraldic beasts locked in combat, probably belonged to a member of the royal family or the high priesthood

Persian stamp seal

Used as phonograms, or graphic symbols for sounds.

Pictures

Greek culture received much of its knowledge from the Egyptians.

True

An upper surface of horizontal fibers

Recto

Youngsters selected to become _______ began their schooling at the edubba,

Scribes

The First Illustrated Manuscripts

Scribes and artists were commissioned to prepare funerary papyri, called the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day or Book of the Dead.

In use for over three thousand years, these small cylinders had images and writing etched into their surfaces.

Stamp-cylinder seal ("the Tyszkiewicz seal"), Hittite,

_______________1650-1200 BCE. Combining decorative ornamentation with figurative images, this most likely portrays a ritual.

Stamp-cylinder seal ("the Tyszkiewicz seal"), Hittite,

high civilization occurred after the____________ arrived in Mesopotamia

Sumerian people

Scribes and artists were commissioned to prepare funerary papyri, called the Chapters of Coming Forth by Day or Book of the Dead.

The First Illustrated Manuscripts

The origin of the Sumerians

The Sumerian people arrived in Mesopotamia near the end of the fourth millennium BCE.

Pictographs

The animals painted in the caves are pictographs—elementary pictures or sketches that represent the things depicted.

Prehistoric visual communication

The animals painted in the caves are pictographs—elementary pictures or sketches that represent the things depicted.

Drawn as a two-dimensional schematic.

The human body

Drawing of the Sarcophagus of Aspalta.

The inscriptions carved into this granite sarcophagus demonstrate the flexibility of hieroglyphics.

Brought about an intellectual revolution that had a vast impact upon social order, economic progress, and technological and future cultural developments.

The invention of writing

The cradle of civilization

The leap from village culture to high civilization occurred after the Sumerian people arrived in Mesopotamia near the end of the fourth millennium BCE. The origin of the Sumerians

_______________reads simultaneously as both profile and frontal image.

The stylized eye

When they were rolled across a damp clay tablet, a raised impression of the depressed design, which became a _____________ for the owner, was formed.

Trademark

Had modest origins as the symbol for a sandal strap.

ankh

The hieroglyph ________, a cross surmounted by a loop had modest origins as the symbol for a sandal strap.

ankh

The Sumerians invented ___________ headed by a supreme deity named Anu, who was the god of the heavens.

a system of gods

Coffin texts

all surfaces of the wooden coffin and/or stone sarcophagus were covered with writings and often illustrated with pictures of possessions for use in the afterlife

The Code of Hammurabi is written in careful cuneiform on a 2.5-meter (8-foot) tall stele, an inscribed or carved stone or slab used for __________________

commemorative purposes

from the Latin for "wedge-shaped"

cuneiform

The early pictographs evolved in two ways

first they were the beginning of pictorial art second, they formed the basis of writing.

Chapters of Coming Forth by Day or Book of the Dead

funerary papyri

Pictures used as __________ or graphic symbols for sounds.

phonograms,

Beginning with the pyramid of Unas (c. 2345 bce), the walls and passages of the pyramids were covered with the _______________- of hieroglyphic writings, including myths, hymns, and prayers relating to the godlike pharaoh's life in the afterworld.

pyramid texts

The Sumerians' contribution to __________ had even more impact upon the future.

social and intellectual progress

Speech

the ability to make sounds in order to communicate—was an early skill developed by the species on the long evolutionary trail from its archaic beginnings.

The Book of the Dead was __________ in the evolution of funerary texts.

third phase

Ivory tablet of King Zet, First Dynasty.

this five thousand year-old tablet is perhaps the earliest known example of the Egyptian pictographic writing that evolved into hieroglyphics

Wall paintings and papyri

used similar design conventions.

Rebus writing

which is pictures and/or pictographs representing words and syllables with the same or similar sound as the object depicted.


Kaugnay na mga set ng pag-aaral

SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - CHAPTER 5 - DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE BUSINESS PLAN

View Set

Chemistry001A Chapter 3A Homework

View Set

Unit 9: Cardiovascular Training (Week 5)

View Set

World Religions McCormick Midterm Exam Study Guide

View Set

Chapter 16: Toward a New Worldview Part 1

View Set