Homeostasis

Homeostatic Feedback systems are cycles of events_________________ in which information about the status of a__________________

(Reflexes) Controlled Condition

Describe changes in the internal environment related to substances moving between interstitial fluid and plasma.

Blood capillaries are specialized to allow the transfer of material between plasma and interstitial fluid. From interstitial fluid, oxygen and nutrients are taken up by cells and metabolized for energy. During this process, the cells produce waste products, which enter interstitial fluid and then move across blood capillary walls into plasma

The fluid around the blood cells is called plasma, around the brain and spinal cord it is call

Cerebrospinal Fluid,

Areas in the body, like the brain and spinal cord, or cells responsible for analyzing the degree to which controlled conditions change and if a response is required to bring the controlled condition back within normal ranges then output information is sent to effectors.

Control Center

_______________is a more specific term for an illness characterized by a recognizable set of signs and symptoms.

Disease

Cells, Tissues, and Organs in the body that bring about physiological changes to bring controlled conditions back to within normal physiological limits to maintain homeostasis and thus the health of the body. These are the workers in the body that bring about the response of a reflex.

Effectors

The fluid found on the outside of cells

Extracellular Fluid (ECF).

Refers to the existence of a stable internal environment. Organism must continuously maintain homeostasis in order to survive. Homeostatic Feedback mechanisms maintain the various conditions of our internal environment within strict physiological limits in order to maintain health.

Homeostatsis

The ECF that fills the tiny spaces between tissue cells is called

Interstitial Fluid (Internal Environment)

The fluid on the inside of cells is called

Intracellular Fluid

What are the 2 systems in the body that regulate homeostatic responses to maintain homeostasis and health.?

Nervous & Endocrine Systems

.A control center in the body, for example, the brain, sets the narrow or set point within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from receptors, and generates output commands when they are needed. _______________from the control center typically occurs as nerve impulses, or hormones or other chemical signals. This pathway is called an _____________________since the information flows away from the control center.

Output efferent pathway

Structures that monitor the changes in controlled conditions and sends information about those changes to the control center

Receptors

1.A receptor is a body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends input to a control center. This pathway is called an _____________________since the information flows toward the control center. Typically, the _____________ is in the form of nerve impulses or chemical signals.

afferent pathway input

In our skin temperature example, the brain acts as the control center, receiving nerve impulses from the skin receptors and generating nerve impulses as output.

control center

is any abnormality of structure or function.

disorder

When your body temperature drops sharply, your brain (control center) sends nerve impulses (output) to your skeletal muscles (effectors). The result is shivering, which generates heat and raises your body temperature.

effector

Homeostatsis

is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment. It occurs because of the ceaseless interplay of the body's many regulatory systems. Homeostasis is a dynamic condition. In response to changing conditions, the body's parameters can shift among points in a narrow range that is compatible with maintaining life.

• A ______________________ one part or a limited region of the body • a ___________________either the entire body or several parts of it (for example, influenza).

local disease affects systemic disease affects

For example, certain nerve endings in the skin sense temperature and can detect changes, such as a dramatic drop in temperature.

receptor

An effector is a body structure that receives output from the control center and produces a ___________________that changes the controlled condition. Nearly every organ or tissue in the body can behave as an effector.

response or effect

• __________________in body functions that are not apparent to an observer. Examples of symptoms are headache, nausea, and anxiety. • ____________________ that a clinician can observe and measure are called signs.

subjective changes Objective changes

_______________Diseases alter body structures and functions in characteristic ways. A person with a disease may experience.

symptoms

inside a joint it is called

synovial fluid.

Why do homeostatic imbalances occur?

• Homeostatic imbalances occur because of disruptions from the external or internal environments. • Homeostasis is regulated by the nervous system and endocrine system, acting together or independently. • The nervous system detects changes and sends nerve impulses to counteract the disruption. • The endocrine system regulates homeostasis by secreting hormones.

For most people, lifelong good health is not something that happens effortlessly. The many factors in this balance called health include the following:

• The environment and your own behavior. • Your genetic makeup. • The air you breathe, the food you eat, and even the thoughts you thin