Human A&P_Chapter 6

Which of the labeled parts of the bone is composed primarily of compact bone?

D The shaft of an adult long bone is composed of compact bone.

T/F Irregular bones include the vertebrae and hip bones.

True

T/F The sternum is an example of a flat bone.

True

Which of the following is the major component of the part of the bone labeled E?

adipose tissue Yellow bone marrow within the medullary cavity is composed primarily of adipose tissue (fat)

Which of the following substances is NOT a component of the osteoid material secreted by the cells indicated by the arrow in panel A?

calcium

The blood vessels and nerve in the figure are found within which type of space?

central (Haversian) canal A central (or Haversian) canal runs lengthwise at the center of each osteon.

Osteoblasts __________. break down bone maintain bone matrix form new bone form skeletal cartilage

form new bone Osteoblasts are the bone-forming cells that produce new bone.

What is the structural unit of compact bone? osteoid canaliculus osteon Haversian canal

osteon The structural unit of compact bone is the osteon, an elongated cylinder oriented parallel to the long axis of the bone.

In which of the labeled parts of the adult long bone would hematopoietic tissue be located?

B Hematopoietic tissue is found in the spaces within the red bone marrow found within certain body locations consisting of spongy bone. Examples include the diploe of flat bones and the proximal epiphyses of the femur and humerus (pictured).

Which of the following statements is FALSE? The sternum is an example of a flat bone. Irregular bones include the vertebrae and hip bones. Long bones include all limb bones except the patella. Sesamoid bones form within certain tendons.

F: Long bones include all limb bones except the patella.

T/F Long bones include all limb bones except the patella.

False *Long bones include all limb bones except the patella, tarsals, and carpals.

T/F Sesamoid bones form within certain tendons.

True

Yellow bone marrow within the medullary cavity is composed primarily of

adipose tissue (fat)

The structures in the figure collectively form which structural unit of bone?

an osteon The circular structural unit found within compact bone is termed the osteon, and consists of a central canal surrounded by layers of bone.

Bones do NOT have a role in __________. support glycogen production movement blood cell formation fat storage

glycogen production Glycogen production (glycogenesis) is not a role of bone; it takes place primarily in muscle and liver cells.

Which of the following are the receptors for static equilibrium? otolith membrane hair cells cochlea saccule

hair cells The hair cells that are under the otolith membrane detect changes in the sense of static equilibrium.

The correct order (from start to finish) of fracture repair is____.

hematoma formation, soft callus formation, bony callus formation, and bone remodeling

The articular cartilage at the ends of long bones is formed from

hyaline cartilage

What material makes up most of the structure at A?

hyaline cartilage The articular cartilage at the ends of long bones is formed from hyaline cartilage.

When chondrocytes in lacunae divide and form new matrix, it leads to an expansion of the cartilage tissue from within. This process is called ______.

interstitial growth Interstitial growth occurs when chondrocytes divide and form new matrix, thereby expanding the cartilage tissue from within. This causes the cartilage to lengthen.

What is the term for the layers of bony matrix surrounding the cell at A?

lamellae Lamellae are layers of bony matrix synthesized by osteoblasts during bone growth and maintenance.

Bones have a role in

support movement blood cell formation fat storage

The main role of the axial skeleton is ______.

to protect and support vital organs. The main role of the appendicular skeleton involves locomotion; it also allows us to manipulate our environment. The axial skeleton is mostly involved in supporting other body parts and protecting vital organs.

What bone-associated structures in panel C are indicated by the arrow?

trabeculae

Which of the following is a site for a muscle or ligament attachment? sinus foramen fossa trochanter groove

trochanter A trochanter is a bone projection; projections often protrude from the bone because of the interaction forced upon them by muscle or ligaments.

Hematopoietic tissue is found in the spaces within

within the red bone marrow found within certain body locations consisting of spongy bone.