II Lecture Chapter 15 Short Answer/Discussion pp 339

what is the most common symptom of uterine cancer

abnormal vaginal bleeding

what is amenorrhea

absence of menstruation

define leiomyoma

benign lesion of the uterus

what is a pedunculated lesion

-small cervical polyp that became infected; a base of the lesion attached by a stalk or stem

what are the symptoms of endometriosis

Dysmenorrhea (heavy periods) Pain with intercourse Dyschezia (difficult or painful defecation) or Urination Excessive bleeding Infertility N/V/D (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea) Bloating Abdominal pain

what solutions are commonly used to distend the uterus during a hysteroscopy

hysteroscopic pump or insufflator for distension media with carbon dioxide, sorbitol or glycine, or dextran solution

in what position will the patient be placed to accomplish a dilation and curettage (D&C) with hysteroscopy? in addition to the basic position, which position may be used to enhance the surgeon's view of the anatomy?

lithotomy; trendelenburg

during diagnostic laparoscopy, explain the usefulness of the Trendelenburg position during pelvic surgery

moves abdominal organs out of the way to enhance visualization

what is the purpose of the following medications used during D&C or biopsy procedures

to identify the abnormal tissue or lesion: A: Acetic acid (vinegar) - with a cotton-tip swab applied to the outer portion of the cervix to stain the abnormal tissue white B: Lugol's solution - for Schiller's test use the brown-colored Lugol's solution that is a mixture of iodine and potassium iodine. when applied to the cervical tissue, the tissue that remains brown in color is normal and the tissue that did not take up the stain and does not stain is the abnormal tissue

during the diagnostic laparoscopy, why is the uterine manipulator covered with a sterile drape (fold-down-cover) or a sterile glove after placement in the vagina

to keep the abdominal field separate from the lower vaginal field so that it can be handled by the surgeon later