ISDS 551 - CH 5 Questions

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False

A WBS is often depicted as a task-oriented pie chart. T/F

both can shorten the time needed to finish a project.

A similarity between the crashing technique and the fast tracking technique is that:

requirements traceability matrix (RTM)

A table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed

up to date

A ___ project scope statement is an important document for developing and confirming a common understanding of the project scope.

WBS dictionary

A ____ is a document that describes detailed information about each WBS item.

Mind mapping

After discovering WBS items and structure using the __ technique, you could then translate the information into chart or tabular form.

scope

All the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used tocreate them

Scope management

An up to date ___ is an important document for developing and confirming a common understanding of the project scope.

False

Deliverables are only product-related, such as a piece of hardware or software. T/F

scope validation

Formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables

Guidelines

If ___ for developing a WBS exist, it is very important to follow them.

Bottom up

In the __ approach, team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible.

False

It is easy to create a good WBS. T/F

project charter

Key inputs for preparing the project scope statement include the ___, requirements documentation, and organizational process assets such as policies and procedures related to scope statements as well as project files and lessons learned from previous, similar projects.

True

Lack of user input leads to problems with managing scope creep and controlling change. T/F

scope

Of the following constrains, it is most difficult to describe, agree upon, and meet the ___ goal of many projects.

Task

PMI uses the term ___ to describe each level of work in the WBS.

WBS

Some project management experts believe that work should not be done on a project if it is not included in the __.

False

The WBS is organized solely around project phases. T/F

Executing

The __ tasks vary the most from project to project.

Scope baseline

The approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary form the ___.

Project scope statement

The main outputs of scope definition are the __ and project document updates.

Inspection

The main tool for performing scope verification is ___.

Supporting documents

The project scope statement should reference __, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced.

Joint Application Design (JAD)

Using highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders—the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on—to jointly define and design information systems

Mind mapping

___ can be used for developing WBSs using the top down or bottom up approach.

Scope control

___ involves controlling changes to the project scope.

Mind mapping

___ is a technique that uses branches radiating out from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas.

Variance

___ is the difference between planned and actual performance.

Scope creep

___ is the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger.

WBS dictionary

document that includes detailed information about each WBS item

Project Cost Management

includes the processes required to ensure that a project team completes a project within an approved budget.

deliverable

product, such as a report or segment of software code, produced as part of a project

Estimating costs

involves developing an approximation or estimate of the costs of the resources needed to complete a project.

Acquiring the project team

involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project.

Developing the human resource plan

involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities and reporting relationships.

scope statement

should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project

Analogy Approach

Creating a WBS by using a similar project's WBS as a starting point

work package

A task at the lowest level of the WBS

True

A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS. T/F

Work breakdown structure

A ___ is a deliverable oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that dfines the total scope of the project.

requirement

A condition or capability that must be met by the project or that must be present in the product, service, or result to satisfy an agreement or other formally imposed specification

work breakdown structure (WBS)

A deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines its total scope

project scope statement

A document that includes at least a description of the project, including its overall objectives and justification, detailed descriptions of all project deliverables, and the characteristics and requirements of products and services produced as part of the project

False

A project team always organizes the WBS around project products. T/F

False

A work package represents one component of the product that the project aims to deliver. T/F

True

A work package represents the level of work that the project manager monitors and controls. T/F

False

A work package should always represent less than 80 hours of work. T/F

top-down approach

Creating a WBS by starting with the largest items of the project and breaking them into subordinate items

Controlling scope

Good ___ is very important to project success because it helps improve the accuracy of time, cost, and resource estimates, it defines a baseline for performance measurement and project control, and it aids in communicating clear work responsibilities.

True

If you want some time-based flow for the work, you can create a WBS using the project management process groups of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing as Level 2 in the WBS. T/F

1

In the WBS, the name of the entire project is the top box, called level __.

Analogy approach

In the ___, you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point.

True

Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope. T/F

Collecting requirements

Involves defining and document the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them.

True

Many organizations provide different guidelines and templates for developing WBSs. T/F

True

Many organizations provide guidelines and templates for developing WBSs. T/F

Specifications

Many people confuse tasks on a WBS with ___.

True

Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format. T/F

True

Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them. T/F

decomposition

Subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces

Top-down

The __ approach involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail.

Top-down

The ___ approach is best suited to project managers who have vast technical insight and a big-picture perspective.

Scope statement

The ___ should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project.

scope baseline

The approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary

variance

The difference between planned and actual performance

False

The executing tasks of the WBS remain constant from project to project. T/F

False

The format of the WBS dictionary should be the same from project to project. T/F

Scope control

The goal of ___ is to influence the factors that cause scope changes, assure changes are processed according to procedures developed as part of integrated change control, and manage changes when they occur.

True

The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced. T/F

True

The project scope statement, stakeholder requirements documentation, and organizational process assets are the primary inputs for creating a WBS. T/F

False

The project's size, complexity, importance, and other factors will not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning. T/F

Scope verification

__ involves formal acceptance of the completed project scope by the stakeholders.

requirements management plan

A plan that describes how project requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed

True

Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project. T/F

Sequencing activities

involves identifying and documenting the relationships between project activities.

Verifying scope

Involves formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables and during this phase the key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables during this process.

Verifying scope

The main outputs of ___ are accepted deliverables and change requests.

Scope definition

The main outputs of ___ are the project scope statement and updates to project documents.

project scope management

The processes involved in defining and controlling what work is or is not included in a project

True

You can only enter duration estimates for work packages. T/F

False

The project scope statement provides the basis for planning and managing project schedules, costs, resources, and changes. T/F

False

The tasks in a WBS must be developed as a sequential list of steps. T/F

scope creep

The tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger

five

There are ___ main processes involved in project scope management.

JAD

__ uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders to jointly define and design information systems.

True

The scope management plan can be informal and broad or formal and detailed, based on the needs of the project. T/F

False

The scope of a project should be clear and specific from the start. T/F

True

The tasks in a WBS do not have to be developed as a sequential list of steps. T/F

bottom-up approach

Creating a WBS by having team members identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible and then grouping them into higher-level categories

WBS

Creating the ___ involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components.

use case modeling

A process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them

True

Many information technology projects also require detailed functional and design specifications for developing software, which also should be referenced in the detailed scope statement. T/F

Bottom-up

Project managers often use the __ approach for projects that represent entirely new systems or approaches to doing a job, or to help create buy-in and synergy with a project team.

False

Project scope statements must include the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions. T/F

False

Project scope statements should include, at a minimum, a product scope description and detailed information on all project deliverables. T/F

False

The scope baseline in a WBS consists of the requirements documentation and enterprise environmental factors. T/F

False

The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start. T/F

A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS.

Which of the following is recommended for the creation of a good WBS?

Use case modeling

__ is a process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them.

Project Human Resource Management

includes the processes required to make the most effective use of the people involved with the project.

Developing the project team

involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance.

mind mapping

technique for creating a WBS uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks.

deliverable

Describes a product produced as part of a project.

prototyping

Developing a working replica of the system or some aspect of it to help define user requirements

Project Human Resource Management Processes

Developing the human resource plan, Acquiring the project team, Developing the project team, & Managing the project team

Project scope management

Factors such as user involvement, clear business objectives, a minimized or clearly defined scope, and firm basic requirements, are elements of ___.

Project Cost Management Processes

Estimating costs, Determining the budget, & Controlling

benchmarking

Generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products inside or outside the performing organization

2

In the WBS, the main groupings for the work are listed in Level __.

Determining the budget

involves allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance.

Controlling

involves controlling changes to the project budget.

Defining Scope

involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved.

Managing the project team

involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance.


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