IT-240 Fall Midterm Exam Study Guide

In the normalization process, if you find a candidate key that is not a primary key, then you have determined that the relation needs to be broken into two or more other relations. (T/F)

False

In the normalization process, it is not necessary to identify all the functional dependencies in a relation. (T/F)

False

In the relational model, each row of a table contains data that represents an attribute of the entity. (T/F)

False

Maximum cardinality indicates whether or not an instance of one entity class must be related to at least one instance of another entity class. (T/F)

False

Metadata is the user data stored in the database. (T/F)

False

Normalization is the process of removing all functional dependencies from a relation. (T/F)

False

Personal DBMS products, such as Microsoft Access, create a clear distinction between the DBMS and the database application. (T/F)

False

Recursive relationships can be represented as 1:N or N:M, but not 1:1. (T/F)

False

SQL stands for Structural Question Language. (T/F)

False

Since Microsoft Access is a personal database, it is not subject to the modification problems that occur in other relational databases. (T/F)

False

Since surrogate keys are used to uniquely identify rows, their values are normally displayed prominently on all forms and reports for the users to see. (T/F)

False

System requirements as documented by use cases, business rules, forms, reports, and queries are sufficient to design the database without using a formal data model. (T/F)

False

The ON DELETE CASCADE referential integrity constraint does not apply when rows are deleted using the SQL DELETE command. (T/F)

False

The number of entity classes involved in a relationship is the cardinality of the relationship. (T/F)

False

The result for SELECT statements in SQL is a relation unless the result is a single number. (T/F)

False

Unified Modeling Language (UML) has quickly replaced the E-R Model as the most popular technique for creating data models. (T/F)

False

Usually, a database table containing both rows and columns is designed to store data for exactly two themes. (T/F)

False

When using SQL to create a table, specifying the NULL property for a column indicates that only null values may be stored in that column. (T/F)

False

While the relational model for databases appears to hold much promise, few commercial databases have implemented it. (T/F)

False

A table that meets the requirements of a relation is said to be in which normal form?

First normal form

An advantage of keeping data in lists is that if you update a data value in one row of data in a list, other occurrences of the same data item in other rows will be automatically updated as well. (T/F)

False

Any table that meets the definition of a relation is said to be in second normal form. (T/F)

False

Application programs are responsible for creating, maintaining, and supporting database backup and recovery systems. (T/F)

False

Built-in SQL functions cannot be applied to data combined using the GROUP BY keyword. (T/F)

False

Candidate keys may or may not be unique. (T/F)

False

During the design phase of developing a database system, the users are asked about the need for changes to existing forms and reports. (T/F)

False

During the implementation phase of developing a database system, the data model is transformed into a database design. (T/F)

False

Every table is a relation, but not every relation is a table. (T/F)

False

For a column to be defined as the primary key using table constraints, the column must have been given the property NULL. (T/F)

False

For efficiency purposes, data analysis should be done on the production database. (T/F)

False

In Microsoft Access, foreign keys are designated by using the Foreign Key button in the toolbar. (T/F)

False

In SQL, the WHERE clause is used to specify which columns will be included in the result. (T/F)

False

In SQL, to refer to a range of values in a WHERE clause, use the WITHIN keyword. (T/F)

False

________ can be used to build prototype databases.

Microsoft Access

Regarding Big Data, what does the term NoSQL really mean?

Nonrelational database

An entity cannot be both weak and strong. (T/F)

True

An entity class is described by the structure of the entities in that class. (T/F)

True

Given the functional dependency for the attributes of ENTITY1, X → (A, B, C), X is a candidate key for the relation ENTITY1 (A, B, C, X). (T/F)

True

In Microsoft Access, default values must be set as a field property while the table is in Design View. (T/F)

True

In SQL, the IS NULL keyword can be used to select on records containing NULL values in a particular column. (T/F)

True

In SQL, the LIKE keyword can be used to select on partial values. (T/F)

True

In a traditional E-R diagram, the relationship is symbolized by a diamond. (T/F)

True

In crow's foot E-R notation, a circle indicates a minimum cardinality of zero. (T/F)

True

In the general division of labor between database applications and the DBMS, the application program determines which tables need to be modified. (T/F)

True

Microsoft Access 2019 databases are stored using the file extension .accdb. (T/F)

True

Microsoft Access 2019 is a personal database that combines a DBMS with an application generator. (T/F)

True

Microsoft Access 2019 uses the AutoNumber data type to create surrogate keys. (T/F)

True

Microsoft Access SQL commands are run within the SQL View of a Query window. (T/F)

True

Microsoft Access wizards allow easy mock-ups of forms and reports for prototyping. (T/F)

True

Null values can cause problems because they are ambiguous. (T/F)

True

One or more entities can be associated together in relationships. (T/F)

True

SQL is a data sublanguage, not a complete programming language. (T/F)

True

Standard SQL does not allow built-in functions to be used in a WHERE clause. (T/F)

True

Subtype entities may be either exclusive or inclusive. (T/F)

True

The DBMS is used to create the database itself. (T/F)

True

The DBMS receives data update requests from the application program. (T/F)

True

The E-R Model assumes that all instances of a given entity class have the same attributes. (T/F)

True

The SUM built-in function in SQL is used to total the values in a numeric column. (T/F)

True

Given the table STUDENT(StudentID, Name, Advisor), what SQL statement would be used to change the value of the Advisor field to 'Smith' for all rows in the STUDENT table?

UPDATE STUDENT SET Advisor = 'Smith';

The values of existing data can be modified using the SQL ________ command, which can be used to change several column values at once.

UPDATE...SET

A use case can be used to perform what task?

Validating the data model

An SQL data type of ________ would indicate a variable-length character string with maximum length 75.

VarChar(75)

Conditions in an SQL INSERT command and after the SQL ________ keyword require single quotes around values for Char and VarChar columns, but not around values for Integer and Numeric columns.

WHERE

Given the table CUSTOMER(CustID, Name, PhoneNum, AcctBalance) what is the standard SQL query phrase to retrieve data for customers with an account balance greater than 50?

WHERE AcctBalance > 50

In Microsoft Access, a relationship between two tables is created ________.

by dragging the primary key column of one table onto the foreign key column of the other table in the Relationships window

An ________ entity is used whenever pure a N:M relationship cannot properly hold attributes that are describing aspects of the relationship between two entities.

associative

Microsoft Access uses ________ form and report editors.

banded

The Microsoft Access form editor is a(n) ________.

banded form editor

Relationships with the degree two are often called ________ relationships.

binary

In Microsoft Access, the relationship between two tables is not actually created until ________.

the Create button in the Edit Relationships dialog box is clicked

Microsoft Access SQL commands are run in ________.

the SQL View of a Query window

Microsoft Access 2019 database files are stored using the ________ file extension.

.accdb

Existing tables in a database can be structurally modified by using the SQL ________ command.

ALTER TABLE

Microsoft Access SQL allows table structures to be modified by using the standard SQL ________ command.

ALTER TABLE

The default file format for Microsoft Access 2019 database files is the ________.

Access 2007 format

What is true about a relation?

All entries in any column must be of the same kind.

Microsoft Access 2019 generates surrogate key values when the ________ data type is used.

AutoNumber

What is the name of Microsoft's cloud services?

Azure

A composite primary key can be defined using the CONSTRAINT phrase in which SQL command?

CREATE TABLE

Conditions after the WHERE keyword require single quotes around the values for columns that have what data type?

Char

Which of the following data types used in SQL would define a fixed-length text field of 10 characters?

Char(10)

What is not a function of the database application in a database system?

Control concurrency

The creation of a database and its tables is a function of what component of the database system?

DBMS

What SQL keyword is used to eliminate duplicate rows in the results of an SQL SELECT query?

DISTINCT

What SQL command would be used to remove both the data and the table structure of a table named STUDENT?

DROP TABLE STUDENT;

What is a problem associated with storing data in a list that is avoided by storing data in a relational database?

Duplication of data items

What is not a basic component of a database system?

ERD

A database is a set of one or more computer programs that serves as an intermediary between the users and the database management system (DBMS). (T/F)

False

A key must be unique. (T/F)

False

SQL was developed by ________ in the late 1970s.

IBM

What SQL keyword can be used in conjunction with wildcards to select partial values?

LIKE

What of the following is not one of the five SQL built-in functions?

MODE

What type of join, although not included in standard SQL, was created to allow unmatched rows to appear in the result of a join operation?

OUTER JOIN

________ constraints are rules that the DBMS enforces to ensure that data values in one table have corresponding values in another related table.

Referential integrity

What term is synonymous with "tuple"?

Row

The statement SELECT STUDENT.StudentNumber, STUDENT.StudentName, FROM STUDENT WHERE STUDENT.StudentNumber = S12345678; is an example of ________.

SQL

Microsoft Access SQL commands are run in the ________ of a Query window.

SQL View

In Microsoft Access, tables are added to a QBE Query window by selecting the tables from the ________ dialog box.

Show Table

SQL stands for__________.

Structured Query Language

What term is synonymous with "relation"?

Table

What is not a standard data type used in SQL?

Text

A surrogate key may be appropriate under which of the following circumstances?

The available candidate keys would be prone to typographical errors.

A relational database can be defined as a self-describing collection of related tables. (T/F)

True

A subquery is appropriate only if the final result contains only data from a single table. (T/F)

True

What is not performed during the implementation phase of developing a database system?

Transforming the data model into a database design

A double arrow notation, A→→ B, is used to indicate a multivalued dependency. (T/F)

True

The implementation step is a process that starts with the final system design as its input and produces a final system as its output. (T/F)

True

Theoretically, databases could store instances in columns and characteristics in rows, instead of the other way around. (T/F)

True

To open a new Microsoft Access Query window, click the Query Design button on the Create command tab. (T/F)

True

To represent a relationship in the relational model, the primary key of one relation is placed into a second relation. (T/F)

True

Use cases can be used to validate the data model, design, and implementation. (T/F)

True

Using standard SQL, unmatched rows will not appear in the result of a join. (T/F)

True

You can use foreign key constraints to define foreign keys and their associated referential integrity constraints. (T/F)

True

What symbol is used in standard SQL as a wildcard to represent a single, unspecified character?

_ (underscore)

A candidate key is ________.

a candidate to be the primary key

In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a crow's foot mark on the relationship line near an entity indicates ________.

a maximum cardinality of many

In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a hash mark across the relationship line near an entity indicates ________.

a maximum cardinality of one and a minimum cardinality of mandatory

A rule that requires that the values in a foreign key must have a matching value in the primary key to which the foreign key corresponds is called ________.

a referential integrity constraint

An ID-dependent entity is ________.

a special type of weak entity and an entity in which the identifier of the entity includes the identifier of another entity

A(n) ________ is a unique, numeric value that is appended to the relation to serve as the primary key.

candidate key

To open a new Microsoft Access Query window ________.

click the Query Design button on the Command tab

A key that contains two or more attributes is called a(n) ________ key.

composite

A key that contains more than one attribute is called a(n) ________.

composite key

The Microsoft Access application generator is not responsible for ________.

creating tables

The ________ is a representation of the content, relationships, and constraints of the data needed to support the system requirements.

data model

The representation of the content, relationships, and constraints of the data needed to support the system requirements is the ________.

data model

In a database system, the ________ creates and processes forms.

database application

Microsoft SQL Server is an example of a ________.

database management system

A database may be used to help people with all of the following except ________.

debug existing program code

The number of entity classes involved in a relationship is known as the relationship's ________.

degree

A relational database stores data in the form of ________.

tables

In Microsoft Access, referential integrity constraints are created in the ________.

edit relationships dialog box

In the Entity-Relationship data model, all instances of an entity of a given type are grouped into ________.

entity classes

One important relational design principle is that ________.

every determinant must be a candidate key

When the primary key of one relation is placed into a second relation, it is called a ________.

foreign key

The relationship between two attributes that denotes that if the value of the first attribute is known, then the value of the second attribute can be determined, is called a(n)_____________

functional dependency

In the normalization process, it is not necessary to ________.

identify all the foreign keys of a relation

In SQL Server, the starting value of a surrogate key is called the ________.

identity Seed

Recursive relationships occur when an entity has a relationship with ________.

itself

Using SQL commands, multiple tables can be queried using either subqueries or ________.

joins

Data that the database keeps about its own structure is called ________.

metadata

The component of a database that makes it self-describing is the ________.

metadata

Although Microsoft Access is a personal database, the database tables in Access are still subject to ________ if they are not well-formed.

modification problems

It is almost always best to design a table in a database so that it contains data on ________ theme.

one

Microsoft Access is a(n) ________, which combines a DBMS and an application generator.

personal database

A(n) ________ is a working demonstration of selected portions of the future system.

prototype

A rule that requires every value in a foreign key to match values in the corresponding primary key is called a(n) ________ constraint.

referential integrity

Any table that meets the requirements of a(n) ________ is in first normal form.

relation

In Microsoft Access, the Relationships window is accessed by using the ________ button on the Database tools command tab.

relationships

In Microsoft Access, relationships between tables are built in the ________.

relationships window

In the normalization process, if you find a candidate key that is not a determinant then you should not ________.

rename the determinant to another attribute description

In Microsoft Access, standard SQL table creation syntax items not supported by Access SQL can generally be implemented by ________.

setting the field properties in Access table Design View

Microsoft Access can be used to build a prototype database, which allows users ________.

to validate the data model by demonstrating the consequences of data modeling decisions

The purpose of a database is to help people ________ easily.

track information