Justice Chapter 2: Utilitarianism

According to Bentham, a community is what?

A "fictitious body" composed only of the sum of the individuals who comprise the community.

T/F John Stuart Mill's utilitarianism was the more cold, calculating doctrine, while Jeremy Bentham's was the more humane doctrine that respected individual rights.

False

T/F Utilitarianism says that "I should take whatever action will bring me the most pleasure."

False

What is Bentham's primary way of calculating pleasure?

Intensity times duration

Utilitarianism is a way of approaching morality according to which of Sandel's three approaches?

Maximizing welfare

The principle of utilitarianism is based on the assumption that human beings are governed by two "sovereign masters." What are these two sovereign masters?

Pleasure and pain

T/F Bentham and Mill are both utilitarians, but Sandel says there is a key distinction. Bentham says that all pleasures are the same and can be measured by multiplying the pleasure's intensity by its duration. Mill says that there are higher and lower pleasures.

True

The "principle of utility" is

to maximize pleasure and minimize pain for the greatest number of people